考研英语必背单词.docx

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考研英语必背单词.docx

考研英语必背单词

考研英语必背单词

考研基础班必背62个前缀和52个后缀

一、常用前缀

1、aero:

concerningtheairoraircraft

plane(飞机)—aeroplane(飞机)

space(空间,间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙)

aerogramaerometeraeromedicine

2、anti:

against;oppositeof

nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)

matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质)

war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的,反对战争的)

antiageingantifatantigasantinoise

3、auto:

oforbyoneself

biography(传记)—autobiography(自传)

criticism(批评,批判)—autocriticism(自我反省,自我检讨)

autoalarmautosuggestion

4、be:

totreatasthestatedthing

friend(朋友,助手)—befriend(待人如友,帮助)

little(很少的,矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视,使渺小,使...显得渺小)

becalmbepowderbesidebemoan

5、bi:

two;twice;double

lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)

cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车,自行车)

biweeklybipolarbilateralbisexual

6、bio:

concerninglivingthings

chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)

sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈)

7、by—:

lessimportant

product(产品,产物,)—by-product(副产品,附加产物)

way(路,道路)—byway(小道)

by-effectby-businessbytime

8、centi:

hundredthpart

grade(等级)—centigrade(分为XX的,百分度的,摄氏温度的)

meter(米)—centimeter(厘米)

9、co:

together,with

author(作家,创造者)—coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)

exist(存在,生存)—coexist(共存)

coagentco-workercooperation

10、col:

(usedbeforeL)together,with

location(位置,场所)—collocation(排列,配置)

collaborate合作

collingual

11、com:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)together,with

passion(激情,热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)

battle战役combat战斗

combinecompresscompatriot

12、con:

together,with

centric(中心的,中央的)—concentric(同中心的)

federation(同盟,联邦,联合,联盟)—confederation(联邦)

concludeconfirmconjoincontribute

13、contra:

opposite

diction(措辞,用语,言语)—contradiction(反驳,矛盾)

natural(自然的,自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的)

contra-missilecontraclockwise

14、cor:

(usedbeforer)together,with

relate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和...相关)

respond(回答,响应,作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)

correctcorruptcorrival

15、counter:

opposite

act(担当,表现,见效)—counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)

attack(攻击)—counterattack(反引力)

counter—terroristcountereffect

16、cross:

across;goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthem

country(乡下的,乡村的)—crosscountry(越野地,横过田野的)

breed((使)繁殖,教养,抚养,品种,种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配,培育杂种,(使)杂交)

17、de:

showinganopposite;toremove;toreduce

code(代码,密码)—decode(解码,译解)

value(评价,重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值,贬值)

declineincreasedecrease

18、dis:

not;theoppositeof

advantage(优势,有利条件)—disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)

agree(同意)—disagree(不一致,不适宜)

honest(诚实的,正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的)

disorderdiscouragedispartdistract

19、em:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)tocausetobecome

body(赋以形体)—embody(具体表达,使具体化)

power(权力,激励)—empower(授权与,使能够)

embedembarembowembitter

20、en:

tocausetobecome;tomake

danger(威胁)—endanger(危及)

large(大的,巨大的)—enlarge(扩大,放大)

enrichencloseenableenact

21、ex:

former(andstillliving)

minister(部长,大臣)—ex-minister(前部长)

wife(妻子)—ex-wife(前妻)

exportexposeexpelexaggerate

22、extra:

outside;beyond

curricular(课程的)—extracurricular(课外的,业余的)

ordinary(平常的,普通的,平凡的)—extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)

extraboldextragovernmental

23、fore:

inadvance,before;inoratthefront

arm(臂,武器,装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)

warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告)

foreheadforeword

24、il:

(usedbeforel)not

legal(法律的,合法)—illegal(违法的,不合规定的)

literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate(违法的,不合规定的)

illogicalillustrateilluminate

25、im:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)not

moral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)—immoral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)

possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)

impoliteimportimmergeimpulse

26、in:

not

direct(径直的,直接的)—indirect(间接的,迂回的)

sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)—insensitive(对...没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)

informalintakeinspiritinvigorate

27、infra:

belowinarange;beyond

red(红(色)的)—infrared(红外线的,红外线)

structure(结构,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)

infrahumaninfrasonic

28、inter:

between;among

change(改变,变化)—interchange((指两人等)交换,相互交换)

national(国家的,民族的)—international(国际的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)

interactinpersonalinterview

29、intra:

inside,within;into

city(城市,都市)—intracity(市内的)

department(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)—intra-department(内部)

intradayintrapersonalintra-trading

30、ir:

(usedbeforer)not

regular(规则的,有秩序的)—irregular(不规则的,无规律的)

responsible(有责任的,可靠的)—irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)

irresistibleirrelativeirruption

31、kilo:

thousand

gram(克,)—kilogram([物]千克,公斤)

meter(米)—kilometer(公里)

kilowattkilocaloriekilovolt

32、macro:

large,awholesystemratherthanparticularpartsof

economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学)

structure(结构)—macrostructure(宏观结构)

macrochangemaroscale

33、mal:

badorbadly

function(官能,功能,作用)—malfunction(故障)

treat(宴请,款待)—maltreat(虐待,滥用)

malnutritionmalformation

abusecurse

34、micro:

extremelysmall

computer(计算机,电脑)—microcomputer(微机)

electronics(电子学)—microelectronics([电子]微电子学)

microscopemircowave

35、mid:

middle

day(天,白天)—midday(正午)

night(夜,夜晚)—midnight(午夜)

36、mini:

small;short

bus(公共汽车)—minibus(小型公共汽车)

skirt(裙子)—miniskirt(迷你短裙,超短裙)

miniparkministate

37、mis:

badorbadly;wrongorwrongly

fortune(运气,好运)—misfortune(不幸,灾祸)

understand(懂,了解)—misunderstand(误解,误会)

misreadmisusemistreat

38、mono:

one;single

plane(飞机)—monoplane(单翼机)

tone(音调,语调)—monotone(单调的,单调)

monolingualmonocycle

39、multi:

morethanone;many

purpose(目的,意图)—multipurpose(多种用途的,多目标的)

national(国家的,国立[有]的,民族的)—multinational(多民族的,)

multimediamedia媒体

multipartymultilateral

40、non:

not

resident居住—nonresident(不居住的)

sense理性,认识—nonsense(胡说,废话)

nonstopnoneffectivenonsomker

41、out:

outside;beyond

live(活的,生动的)—outlive(比...长命,比...耐久)

door(门,通道,家,户)—outdoor(室外的,户外的,野外的)

outcomeoutletoutfit

42、over:

toomuch;above;additional

head(头,头的,主要的)—overhead(在头上的,在头顶上,在空中,在高处)

time(时间,时侯,时机,)—overtime(超时,加班,延长时间,超时的,加班的,加班地,使超时)

overuseoverflyoverseaoverlook

43、poly:

many

centric(中心的,中央的)—polycentric(多中心的)

syllabic([语]音节主音,音节的)—polysyllabic(多音节的)

polyfunctionalpolytechnical

44、post:

laterthan;after

graduate((大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate(研究所学生,研究生,毕业后的)

war(战争,作战,打仗)—postwar(战后的)

postponepostdatepost-liberation

45、pre:

before;inadvance

pay(薪水,工资,支付)—prepay(预付)

war(战争,作战,打仗)—prewar(战前的,在战前)

prefixprecoolprecookprepay

46、pro:

before;infavorof,supporting

America(<美>美国,美洲(包括北美和南美洲))pro-America?

Abortion(流产,堕胎,失败,夭折,中止,早产)pro-abortion?

47、pseudo:

notreal;false

name(姓名)—pseudonym(假名,笔名)

science(科学,自然科学)—pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)

psudo-democraticpsudograph

48、re:

again;backtotheformerstate

unite(联合,团结)—reunite((使)再结合)

use(使用)—reuse(再使用,重新使用)

returnrebackreviewreborn

revivalsurvival

49、self:

bymeansofoneselforitself;of,to,with,for,orinoneselforitself

employed(雇用,用,使用)—self-employed

taught(teach的过去式和过去分词)—self-taught

selfesteemselfconfidence

50、semi:

half;partly

circle(圆周,圆形物)—semicircle(半圆形)

final(决赛)—semifinal(半决赛)

semiconductor?

conductor

51、step:

notbybirthbutthroughaparentwhohasremarried

mother(母亲,妈妈)—stepmother(继母)

children(孩子,孩子们)—stepchildren(继子)

52、sub:

under;lessimortant;partofthestatedbiggerwhole

divide(分,划分,分开,隔开)—subdivide(再分,细分)

section(部分)—subsection(分部,分段)

subwaysubmarinesubadult

53、super:

more,larger,greaterthanusual

market(市场)—supermarket(超级市场)

natural(自然的,自然界的,普通的,正常的)—supernatural(超自然的,神奇的,超自然物,不可思议的事)

supersizedsupervisesuperheat

54、tele:

atoroveralongdistance;byorfortelevision

communication—telecommunication电信

screen(屏,银幕)—telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)

telegramtelescopetelevision

55、therm(o):

concerningheat

chemistry(化学)—thermochemistry(热化学)

meter(计,表)—thermometer(温度计,体温计)

56、trans:

across,onortotheothersideof;between

Atlantic(大西洋)—transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)

plant(种植,栽培,培养)—transplant(移植,移种)

transmittransporttransformer

57、tri:

three;threetimes

angular(有角的)—triangular(三角形的)

cycle(自行车)—tricycle(三轮车,机器三轮车)

tripletstripledouble

58、ultra:

beyond;very,extremely

modern(近代的,现代的)—ultramodern(超现代化的)

sound(声音,语音)—ultrasound(超频率音响)

ultracoldultrafastultrafine

59、un:

not

certain(确定的,必然的,可靠的)—uncertain(无常的,不确定的,不可预测的,靠不住的)

fortunate(幸运的,幸福的)—unfortunate(不幸的,使人遗憾的)

unconditionalunjustuncivilized

60、under:

toolittle;below

develop(发展,显影)—underdevelop((使)发展不完全,(使)显影不足)

sea(海洋,大浪)—undersea(海面下的)

underlineunderworldunderestimate

61、uni:

one;single

form(形态,构成)—uniform(统一的,相同的)unique

directional(方向的)—unidirectional(单向的,单向性的)

62、vice:

nextintherank;below

chairman(主席,会长)—vice-chairman(副主席,副议长)

president(总统,会长,行长)—vice-president(副总督,副省长)

vice-managervice-principal

二、常用后缀

(1)名词后缀

1、ability(能力,才干),ibility

able(能...的,有才能的,能干的,能够的)—ability(能力,才干)

flexible(有弹性的,柔韧的)—flexibility(弹性,适应性,机动性,挠性)

inflammabilityadaptability

2、al

arrive(到达,抵达)—arrival(到来,到达,到达者)

refuse(拒绝,谢绝)—refusal(拒绝,推却)

personalglobalapprovalrevival

3、an,ian,arian

library(图书馆,藏书室)—librarian(图书馆员,图书管理员)

music(音乐,乐曲)—musician(音乐家)

urbanpublicanrepublican

4、ance,ence

appear(出现,公开露面)—appearance(出现,露面,外貌,外观)

refer(提交,谈及,提到,涉及,查阅,咨询)—reference(提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人))

guidanceresistancereliance

5、ancy,ency

emerge(显现,浮现,(事实)显现出来)—emergency(紧急情况,突然事件,非常时刻,紧急事件)

expect(期待,预期)—expectancy(期待,期望)

occupancyelegancyconstancy

6、ant,ent

apply(申请)—applicant(申请者,请求者)

correspond(通信)—correspondent(通讯记者,通信者)

ignorantassistantaccsantexcitant

7、cy

accurate(正确的,精确的)—accuracy(精确性,正确度)

private(私人的,私有的,私营的,秘密的)—privacy(独处而不受干扰,秘密)

vacancybankruptcy

8、dom

king(国王,君主,(部落的)首领,纸牌中的K,立...为王,做国王,统治)—kingdom(王国,[宗]天国,上帝的统治,领域)

free(自由的,免费的,免税的,免费)—freedom(自由,自主,直率,特权)

wisdomsportsdomfilmdom

9、ee

employ(雇用,用)—employee(职工,雇员,店员)

interview(接见,会见)—interviewee(被接见者,被访问者)

traineedeporteeawardee

10、er,or,ar

paint(油漆,颜料)—painter(画家,油漆匠)

beg(请求,乞求)—beggar(乞丐)

bankerheaterwhisperharder

11、ery

brave(勇敢的)—bravery(勇敢)

slave(奴隶)—slavery(奴隶身分,奴隶制度)

bakeryrobberybriberyfishery

12、ese

China(中国)—Chinese(中国的,)

Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本的)

13、ess

actor(男演员)—actress(女演员)

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