学年译林版英语选修八新素养同步练习Unit 1 The written word Section Ⅲ 知能演练轻松闯关 Wo.docx
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学年译林版英语选修八新素养同步练习Unit1ThewrittenwordSectionⅢ知能演练轻松闯关Wo
品句填词
Itwasin1978thatChinabegantoadoptthepolicyof____________（改革）andopening up.
答案：
reform
Thedanceisfullof____________（旋转）．
答案：
spins
Therestauranthasagood____________（声望）．
答案：
reputation
Heworkeddayandnighttopayoff____________（债务）．
答案：
debts
She____________（崇拜）herteacher.
答案：
adores
6．AtthemeetingJackwhistledapopular____________（曲调）．
答案：
tune
7．A____________（纪念碑）wasbuiltinhonourofthosewhohadhelpedthem.
答案：
monument
8．Devotionisthe____________（最高的）symboloflove.
答案：
supreme
9．Iforgottowritetheaddressonthe____________（信封）．
答案：
envelope
10．Heturnedoffthealarmand____________（跳）outofbed.
答案：
sprang
单句改错
1．Hispatiencewornoutbyallthesetroubles.
____________________
答案：
patience后加was
2．Charlesdidwhathecouldrescuethedrowninggirl,althoughhehimselfwasindanger.____________________
答案：
rescue前加to
3．ThatisbecauseI’mheretomeetyouthisafternoon.____________________
答案：
because→why
4．Itwasnotuntilmidnightitstoppedraining.____________________
答案：
midnight后加that
5．Thequestionisofgreatimportantthatitcannotbeneglected.____________________
答案：
important→importance
完成句子
从窗户里飘出美妙的音乐。
Throughthewindow________________thesweetmusic.
答案：
cameout
他俩长得差不多一样高。
Theybotharealmost____________height.
→Theybotharealmost________________height.
→Theybotharealmost________________height.
答案：
ofa；ofthesame；thesamein
他并不富有，但为了帮助这些贫困的孩子，他每月都要捐出一定的钱给他们。
Heisnotrich,but____________________________________hegivesawayacertainsumofmoneytothemeverymonth.
答案：
inordertohelpthesepoorchildren
直到他妈妈找到他，他才回来。
________________________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Hedidn’tcomebackuntilhismotherfoundhim.；
Itwasnotuntilhismotherfoundhimthathecameback.；Notuntilhismotherfoundhimdidhecomeback.
他以前看过这个电影，这就是他昨天晚上不去看的原因。
Hehadseenthefilmbefore.________________hedidnotseeitlastnight.
答案：
Thatiswhy
课文语篇改错
RobertBurnswasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759.Hehadareputationforbeingfunandpleasanttobearound.Histhefirstlove,NellyKirkpatrick,encouragedhimtowritepoetry.Hebecamefamousnationwideafterhepublishedhisfirstlybookofpoetry.
ThepoetryoftheRomanticMovementoftenfocusesinconceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouseimagineandtouchonstrongfeelings.Burndiedattheageof37in1796becauseahardlifeandweakhealth.AllofScotlandmournedhisdeath,andafterwardsmanypeopledonatemoneytosupporthiswidowandchildren.Themonumentinhonourtohimwasfirstdisplayedtothepublicin1877.Thedaythatitwasfirstshownwasdeclaredaholidayandabout30,000peoplecameouttowatch.ThehouseinAllowaywhichBurnswasbornisnowamuseumofhislifeandwork.
答案：
RobertBurnswasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759.Hehadareputationforbeing
andpleasanttobearound.His
firstlove,NellyKirkpatrick,encouragedhimtowritepoetry.Hebecamefamousnationwideafterhepublishedhis
bookofpoetry.
ThepoetryoftheRomanticMovementoftenfocuses
conceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouse
andtouchonstrongfeelings.Burndiedattheageof37in1796because
ahardlifeandweakhealth.AllofScotlandmournedhisdeath,andafterwardsmanypeople
moneytosupporthiswidowandchildren.Themonumentinhonour
himwasfirstdisplayedtothepublicin1877.Theday
itwasfirstshownwasdeclaredaholidayandabout30,000peoplecameouttowatch.ThehouseinAlloway
Burnswasbornisnowamuseumofhislifeandwork.
A卷
单句语法填空
1．Hisinventionisofgreat____________（valuable）tothewholesociety.
答案：
value
2．Theboycouldn’tresist____________（show）offhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.
答案：
showing
3．Thebook____________（wear）outandhadinkstainsonitscover.
答案：
wasworn
4．Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,____________（rescue）fromthesinkingboatbyapassingship.
答案：
wasrescued
5．Mr.Smithwas____________debtbecausehewasoutofjob.
答案：
in
6．Childrentend____________（react）againsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.
答案：
toreact
7．Thedictionary____________（intend）forthebeginners.
答案：
isintended
8．Thatis____________wedecidedtocancelthediscussion.
答案：
why
9．Itwasnotuntilquiterecently____________Inoticedit.
答案：
that
10．Therearemanyreasons,butIwilltouch____________three.
答案：
on
阅读理解
A
ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonrainforest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates（灵长目动物）．Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn’thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.
Thefriendship，likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople，involvescompetition.Itisn’tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprizes.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous（同时的）demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit.
Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin’stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing（分类）takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipcoexistswithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstances,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforfriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent’sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachievesimilarrecognition.
Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy（妒忌）cantearfriendshipapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
1．Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?
A．Howfriendscompetewitheachother.
B．Howtowinthecompetition.
C．Whattheresultofcompetitionis.
D．Whatcompetitionexactlyis.
D 解析：
细节理解题。
分析第二段最后一句“Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous（同时的）demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace，orlight—betterexplainsit.”可知，该句的主干是Perhapstheecologicaldefinitionbetterexplainsit，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。
两个破折号之间的内容解释“theecologicaldefinition”。
句意：
两个或更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争（的含义）。
故选D项。
2．Accordingtotheauthor，whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?
A．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.
B．Friendshipisaburdenforthem.
C．Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.
D．Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.
A 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。
也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。
再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。
故选A项。
3．Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?
A．Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.
B．Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.
C．Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendship.
D．Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.
B 解析：
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Healthy，friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits，butwhenitbecomestoofierce，jealousy（妒忌）cantearfriendshipapart.”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。
因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。
故选B项。
4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“competition”？
A．Theresultsofcompetitionareoutofcontrol.
B．Competitionbecomesfiercerinhighschool.
C．Competitioniscertaintohappeninhighschool.
D．Friendshipisnotasimportantascompetitioninhighschools.
C 解析：
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，bynecessity，competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。
故选C项。
B
TheChineseTangDynastypoetDuFuisoftencalledthesage（圣人）ofpoetry.UnlikeLiBai,thispoetwroteinvariousstyles,andhisworkswereofteninnovative（创新的）inlanguageandsubjectmatter.Hispoemswerealsofilledwithmeaning.
Hisinnovationwasnotatallwelcome.Thereadersofhistimerarelyshowedmuchappreciationforhisoriginalandinnovativeworks.Themassesinfacthatedandscoldedthem.Likemanyartists,DuFuwasonlyrecognizedforhisgeniuslongafterhisdeath.
DuFuwasborninLuoyangofHenan.Althoughhecamefromaninfluentialliteraryfamily,hisearlyattemptstogainapositioninthegovernmentbywayoftheexamsystemfailedrepeatedly.Hewas43yearsoldwhenhefinallymanagedtoholdanofficialposition.ThiswasthetimewhenEmperorXuanzongwasattractedtothebeautifulYangYuhuanandmadeherhisconcubine（妃子）,whichDuFuseverelycriticizedinhisSongoftheBeautifulLadies.
Astheemperorgotdistracted（分心）fromimportantgovernmentaffairs,somemilitaryleaderswerebecomingtoopowerful.DuFutookofficein755,andinthesameyeararebelleaderAnLushanledhisarmyintothecapitalofTangDynasty.Theemperorfledtothewestandleftthegoverningofthestatetohisson.DuFuandhisfamilytooktheroadnorthtoescapetherebels.
Thepoetl
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