Unit 456.docx

Unit 456.docx

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Unit456

Unitfourtechnology

**********************PartoneCellPhone********************

Listeningscriptone

BobEdwards（thehoist）:

NearlyhalfofallAmericanadultshavewirelesstelephones.Peoplearebuyingthematarateof46,000aday.Theriseofportablephoneshasbeenaccompaniedbyariseincomplaintsaboutmobilephonemanners.Afewcitieshavepassedlawsrestrictingtheiruse.ButSanDiego’stryingadifferentapproach,appealingtocellphoneuserswithacourtesycampaign.FrommemberstationKPBS,ScottHorsleyreports.

ScotHorsley:

Itseemstobehappeningmoreandmore,inrestaurants,movietheaters,eveninchurch.

SOUNDBITEOFCELLPHONERINGING.

Horsley:

Whenitcomestotheshrillinterruptionofaringingcellphone,noplaceitseemsissacred.

ReverendWendyCraig-Purcell（ChurchofToday）:

Well,ifwe’reinthemiddleofprayerandmeditation,Iusuallyjustignoreit.AndImaymakeacommentafterwards,somethinglike,“Well,youknow,maybethespiritofGodistrulycallingusandwantingourattention.”

Horsley:

NoteveryoneisasforgivingasReverendWendyCraig-PurcellofSanDiego’sChurchofToday.Andnoteveryoneviewsthecellphoneasaninstrumentofdivineintervention.WhenSanDiegoMayorSusanGoldingconductedanInternetsurveylastyear,thousandsofpeoplerespondedcallingforrestrictionsoncellphoneuse,especiallyinmovietheaters.

MayorSusanGolding（SanDiego）:

IknowthatI’vebeeninthemovies.Andit’satthatquiettimewheneveryone’sontheedgeoftheirseatandthephoneringsnexttoyouandthepersonstartstotalkinaveryloudvoice.

Horsley:

Butratherthanproposeregulation,MayorGoldinghaslaunchedavoluntarycourtesycampaign,urgingwirelessphoneuserstomindtheirmobilemanners.Thecampaignincludesstickersthatbusinessescandisplay,remindingcustomersthey’reinaquietzone.TheMayorherselfpostedastickeroutsideonemovietheaterasDougCohenlookedoninapproval.Cohenisarealestatebrokerwhoseowncellphonegetsplentyofuse,butheagreesthereoughttobelimits.

DougCohen（realestatebroker）:

IhaveverygoodfriendsthatIwon’teatlunchwith.Theyjustcan’tgetawayfromit.Soit’s...there’sanetiquette.It'sjustlikedrivingoranythingelse,youknow.Somepeoplewillsubscribetoacertainpolitenessandsomepeoplewon’t.Butit’snicethatthere’sanissuebeingraisedhere.

Horsley:

SanDiegomightseemlikeanunlikelyplacetoraisetheissueofrudecellphoneusesincethecellphoneindustryisoneofthecity’sbiggestemployers,withcompanieslikeQualcommandNokia.ButNokiaisactuallysponsoringtheMayor’scourtesycampaign.VicePresidentLarryPaulsonsayscustomersshouldsettheirphonesto“vibrate”ratherthanringincertainsettings,andsometimeseventurntheirtelephonesoff.

LarryPaulson（VicePresident,Nokia）:

CertainlyIthinkthateveryoneagreeswiththis.Incertainpublicareassuchasmovietheaters,plays,churches,museums,andlibraries,talkingcanbeverydisruptiveand,essentially,it’saviolationofbasiccourtesy.

Horsley:

Cellphonecompaniesrealizeapublicbacklashisn’tgoodfortheirbusiness.AndwithcommunitiesinOhioandNewJerseyalreadybanningcellphoneusebehindthewheel,theindustrymayseeacourtesycampaignasawaytoheadofffurthergovernmentregulation,likethebeercompaniesurgingtheircustomerstodrinkresponsibly.Insteadofastrictenforcer,MayorGoldinghopestoplayagentleMissManners.TherealMissManners,newspapercolumnistJudithMartin,thinksthatmightworkbetter,anyway.

JudithMartin（MissManners）:

Ifyouusetheheavyhandofthelawforeverydaytrivialthings,youcreatethisstatewhereeverybodyisangryateverybodyelse,wherethecourtsarecloggedup.Thisisaverysimplethingwe’retalkingabout:

don’tdisturbpeople,youknow.Don’ttalkatthemovies.Don’ttalkonthephoneinthemovies.Don’ttalktothepersonnexttoyouinthemovies.

Horsley:

Martinsaysit’snotunusualwhennewtechnologiesdevelopforpeopletobelievethey’reinanetiquette-freezone.Butgradually,aconsensusdevelopsabouthowthetoolsshouldbeused.Withcellphones,shesays,we’rehalfwaythere.Peopleagreethatothersshouldn’tannoythemwiththeirphones,buttheydon’tnecessarilyapplythesamerulestothemselves.Thatwillbethechallenge,asMayorGoldingdemonstratedduringanewsconferencekickingoffhercourtesycampaign.

MayorGolding:

Ithinkwewillinfluenceagreatnumberofpeopletostopandthink.Forexample,mineisringingrightnow.ButIthinkwewillinfluencealotofpeopletoturnofftheircellphonesortoputthemon“vibrate.”Clearly,thereareplaces...,andthisdoesn’tevenhangupwell.Butbecause...Iwanttobecourteousandnotansweritduringthispressconference.

Horsley:

TheMayorLaterexplainedthatherswasanewphone,andshehadn’tfiguredoutallthesettings.ShegotaquicklessonfromtheNokiavicepresidentinhowtoturnofftheringer.ForNPRNews,I’mScottHorsleyinSanDiego.

Listeningscripttwo

Whenmakingaspeechtoasmallaudience,knowwhoyouaretalkingto,payattentiontothepeopleintheaudience,butdon’tfocustoomuchonthemanddon’tmonitortheirfacialexpressions.

Whenaddressingalargegroupofpeopleoralargeauditorium,remembertoembraceeverybodyandtryto,evenifyou’reusingamicrophone,trytoprojectyourvoiceasmuchaspossible.

Peopleoftenhavethemisconceptionthattheycan’tusenotesandtheycan’tuseascript.Therealityisthatsomeofthebestspeakersusenotesandscripts.Thedifferenceisyouhavetodeliverratherthanread.Andbydeliveryitmeansthatyoulookupfromyourwords,youreadahead,youdon’tdependonyourscripttheentiretime,butit’stheretoguideyou.Ifyouaretalkingtoasympatheticaudience,it’sokaytosay“Iamalittlenervous”.They’llforgiveyou.

Womentendtohaveaproblemwithlonghair.Ifyouhavelonghairandyouaregoingtospeak,pushitback,pinitback.

Menhaveaproblemwithpockets.Theydon’tknowwhattodowiththeirhands.Ifyouaregoingbeforeagroupofbusinesspeople,you’renotgoingtobewantingtowearapairofjeans.Ontheotherhand,ifyouaregoinginfrontofaninformalgroup,youwanttohavethem,identifywithyouandbemorecasual.Sowhenyougetuptospeak,it’sreallyimportantforyoutorememberthathavesomethingtosay,youhavetherighttosayitandpeoplewanttohearwhatyouhavetosay.

*********************Parttwointernet***********************

Listeningscriptone

Arditti:

I’mAviArdittiwithRosanneSkirble,andthisweekonWordmasterwelookatlearningEnglishonline.

Skirble:

CharlesKellyisanEnglishprofessorwhohasdevotedcountlesshourstothreewebsitesforstudentsandteachersofEnglishasasecondlanguage.He’sanAmericanwho’sbeenteachingattheAichiInstituteofTechnologyinToyota,Japan,fortwentyyears.

Kelly:

Uptoandevenfiveyearsago,sixyearsago,peoplewhowantedtoreadalotofthingsinEnglishwouldhavetobuythingsatabookstoreormail-orderbooksormagazines.Butnowtheycangorightonlineandlookupanytopicthey’reinterestedinandfindthingsthey’reinterestedinreading.Andofcourseoneadvantageofstudyingthingsyou’reinterestedinis（that）itincreasesyourmotivationtostudyit.SobyreadinginEnglishabouttopicsyou’reinterestedin,youtendtolearnthevocabularyandthesentencepatternsusedtodiscussthattopic.

Arditti:

CharlesKellysaysthatthereisreallyonlyonepotentialhurdle.

Skirble:

AndthatisthecostofconnectingtotheInternet.

Kelly:

Moreandmorecountriesareofferingunlimitedaccess,soIthinkthefuturelooksbetter.Butatthispointmanycountries—forexample,Japan—peoplearepayingper-minuteonthetelephone,sounlesstheyhaveanunlimitedaccountthey’renotlikelytostayontheInternetalongtime.

Arditti:

Doyouhaveanyadviceforpeoplewhomayseethisasabigdownsideoftryingtoreachouttotherestoftheworld?

Kelly:

Onethingpeoplecandotolowerthecostistofindsitesthey’reinterestedin,theycangorighttothesiteanddownloadtwoorthreepagesandhangupthephone,andthenreadthosepagesoffline.That’sapossibility.SomeoftheradiostationsoutthereallowyoutodownloadtheRealAudiofileandlistentoitoffline.

Skirble:

CharlesKellyoperatesonewebsitewithhisolderbrother,Larry,whoalsoteachesEnglishattheAichiInstituteofTechnology.Theaddressis:

w-w-wdotmanythingsdoto-r-g.

Arditti:

And“manythings”areexactlywhatyoufindthere,fromtestsonslangandproverbstoalotofotheractivities.

Kelly:

Wehavegames,quizzesandpuzzles—thingsthattendtobefun.Therearewordsearchpuzzleswhereapersonwouldseeawholepagefulloflettersandthentheytrytolocatethehiddenwordswithintheletters.Wehavetraditionalgrammarquizzes,multiplechoice.

Arditti:

CharlesKellyalsoeditsamonthlyonlinejournalforteachersofEnglishasasecondlanguage.It’scalledTheInternetTESLJournal.Thataddressis...i-t-e-s-l-jdotorg.

Skirble:

Andhisthirdwebsiteisa-4-e-s-ldotorg.That’stheletter“a”followedbythenumber4,thene-s-1doto-r-g.Itcontainsmorethan1-thousandactivitiesforlearningEnglish.

Arditti:

Yetevenwithsomuchpotentialforusingtechnologytolearnalanguage,CharlesKellysaysit’shardtopredictthefutureofEnglishlanguagelearningontheInternet.

Kelly:

Ithinkfromacommercialpointofview,probablytheuniversitiesthatofferonlinecoursesmightdobetterthancompaniesthataretryingtoofferonlinecourses,justthesameasalotofthedot-comswentoffli