英语常用词替换.docx
《英语常用词替换.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语常用词替换.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语常用词替换
常用词替换
动词替换:
1.Improve提高:
Promote:
促进AC之间的贸易promotethetradebetweenAandC;Hewaspromotedtoseniormanagerinthiscompany.
Advance:
ourunderstandingofhumangeneticshasconsiderably(非常的,可换做vastly)advanced.
Enhance:
thepublicityhasenhancedhisreputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望
Reinforce:
reinforce theinterferenceoftheautorityanditsabilityofmacroeconomiccontrol加强政府的干预和宏观调控能力
2.change改变:
Transform:
多指改头换面,完全改变,不能用于形容slightchange。
说到人口变化:
theincreasingpopulationhastransformedthelandscapeandstructureoflocalindustrystructure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构
3.Emphasize强调:
Highlight:
thereporthighlightthedeclineinthenumbersofnative(可以换作local)plantsandinsects.
highlight/emphasethesignificance/magnitudeof…强调…的重要性
Stress:
Hestressestheneedforparentstolistentotheirchildren.
Accentuate:
thecrisisaccentuatesthegapbetweenrichandpoor.
Address:
address theponderanceofmanipulatingtheinosculationbetween…and…intherightperspective强调正确处理…关系的重要性
(highlightandemphasize的区别:
highlight是告诉人们重点,因而能够让别人注意,类似于老师勾重点;而emphasize则是使重点清晰,不管别人是否能注意得到。
而stress则和emphasize差不多)
4.Develop培养:
Cultivate:
cultivatetheabilityof…;培养情操;cultivateamorerelaxedandpositivewaytowardslife.
Nurture:
养育,同样可以指培养人才(talents)theseanuturesamplemarineanimals.
5.Break破坏:
Impair:
impairability;主要是破坏能力,莫乱用。
Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏,有逐渐削弱之意,重点是循序渐进的过程。
Undermineone’sability/confidence/authority/position/credibility
Jeopardize:
不能乱用,破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。
比如Jeopardizetheprocessofpeace.破坏和平进程
Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏theearthquakedevastatedthewholecity.
6.Keep保存
Preserve、Conserve保护资源用的就是这个词,不要用protect,protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。
7.dealWith解决
Tackle:
tackletheproblem.
Resolve:
resolvedispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机;来自拉丁语,比较正式。
8.need需要
Require:
xxxrequirescourageandconfidence.
Necessitate:
用法不简单,没有摸透。
callfor(这也是个很高级的用法,奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的,原帖是这样说的,并且callfor也挺正式的】):
跟need一样的用法
形容词替换:
1.Everywhere普遍的
Widespread:
随便用
Prevalent:
Drugabuseisespeciallyprevalentamongteenagers.
Overflow:
泛滥thegardenisoverflewwithcolorsofflowers.
Rampant:
特指有害的东西泛滥,比如疾病,犯罪等,并且难于控制。
H1n1Virusisrampantintheworld.甲流世界泛滥
2.Good好的(太多了)
Impressive,glorious,amazing,brilliant,incredible,attractive…
Beneficial(反义词:
detrimental)thedrugisbeneficialtotheimmunesystem.
bebeneficialtofabricatingconservation-mindedandeco-friendlysociety有助于建设两型社会
Advantageous:
特指有益的。
Advantageousindustry:
优势产业
3.Harmful有害的
Unfavorable,horrible,disgusting
Inhumane:
没人性的
lousy(I’mfedupwiththelousyjob.)
severe(severeproblem,illness,injuries.)
abysmal(低谷:
theirperformanceisabysmal.)
Detrimental:
smokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.
Baneful:
现阶段用不到,文学作品里面的“邪恶”,完全诘屈聱牙。
4.Rich富有的
Wealthy、Affluent、ample
ThereareamyriadofstarsintheMilkyWay.(银河系好多星星啊!
!
)
5.Poor贫穷的
Impoverished(动词表示使贫穷:
Thegreatdepressionhadimpoverishedmanythirdworldcountries.)animpoverishedstudent.
7.Serious严重的
Severe
8.Obvious明显的
Manifest:
amanifesterrorjudge明显判断失误;Adv.Manifestly.e.g.amanifestlyunfairsystem.
Apparent、Evident
Patent:
patentimpossibilities.显然不可能的事。
9.cheap便宜的
Economical:
经济的,不浪费,而不是单纯指某物便宜。
经济适用房:
economicallyaffordablehousing。
Inexpensive=cheap
Reasonable:
价格合理的。
Reasonableprice
Affordable:
能够支付的。
名词替换:
1.Forefather祖先
Ancestor、Predecessor
2.Difference不同
Gap(简单但是牛)沟,generationgap——verycommonuseinCET-4/6
Distinction:
sharp/cleardistinctionbetweenallergyandfoodintolerance(TBBT里面的Howard就有lactoseintolerance,一吃peanuts就会肿,长荨麻疹rash哈哈。
)
再想牛就用schism。
比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”healtheschismbetweenclinicalmedicineandpublichealth.(有本书就叫这个。
)
3.Crime犯罪
Delinquency:
一般crime都用不到。
指道德败坏,违法行为,为显示词汇量可以与crime连用
CriminalAct:
犯罪行为
4.Environment环境
Circumstance:
underthecircumstances.相当抽象的词,“情况”。
Surrounding:
表示周围居住的环境,相当具体。
Nearby可与之互换。
Thesurroundingarea.有细心的同学指出如果surrounding单独用作“环境”的话,后面必须要加复数——surroundings,我查了字典后发现的确是这样,而不加复数则只能归到形容词。
Atmosphere、Ambience:
这两个词可替换,但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。
5.Pollution污染
Contamination:
我觉得太装B了,他的pp还不错:
contaminatedwater—特指被污染的水
6.Human人类
Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人,农民公务员等等的词
Thehumanrace
Humankind
Humanity:
特别指出,用来表示人性。
其他一概不要用。
虽然也有人之类的意思。
7.Danger危险
Hazard:
化学、物理危害;隐患:
pollutedwaterisahazardtowildlifeandnature;safety/naturehazard.
8.Inmodernsociety在当今社会
Incontemporarysociety
Inpresent-daysociety
In thisdayandage(这是最牛的说法)
★形容词:
1.贫穷的:
poor=needy=impoverished=poverty-stricken
2.富裕的:
rich=wealthy=affluent=well-to-do=well-off
3.优秀的:
excellent=eminent=top=outstanding
4.积极的,好的:
good=conducive=beneficial=advantageous
5.消极的,不良的:
bad=detrimental=baneful=undesirable
6.明显的:
obvious=apparent=evident=manifest
7.健康的:
healthy=robust=sound=wholesome
8.惊人的:
surprising=amazing=extraordinary=miraculous
9.美丽的:
beautiful=attractive=gorgeous=eye-catching
10.有活力的:
energetic=dynamic=vigorous=animated
11.流行的:
popular=prevailing=prevalent=pervasive
★动词:
1.提高,加强:
improve=enhance=promote=strengthen=optimize
2.引起:
cause=trigger=endanger
3.解决:
solve=resolve=address=tackle=copewith=dealwith
4.拆除:
destroy=teardown=knockdown=eradicate
5.培养:
develop=cultivate=foster=nurture
6.激发,鼓励:
encourage=motivate=stimulate=spur
7.认为:
think=assert=hold=claim=argue
8.完成:
complete=fulfill=accomplish=achieve
9.保留:
keep=preserve=retain=hold
10.有害于:
destroy=impair=undermine=jeopardize
11.减轻:
ease=alleviate=relieve=lighten
★名词:
1.影响:
influence=impact
2.危险:
dangerous=perils=hazardous
3.污染:
pollution=contamination4.人类:
humanbeings=mankind=humanerace
5.老人:
oldpeople=theold=theelderly=theaged=seniorcitizens
6.幸福:
happiness=cheerfulness=well-being
7.老师:
teachers=instructors=educators=lecturers
8.教育:
education=schooling=familyparenting=upbringing
9.青少年:
youngpeople=youngsters=youths=adolescents
10.优点:
advantage=merits=superiority=virtue
11.责任:
responsibility=obligation=duty=liability
12.能力:
ability=capacity=power=skill
13.职业:
job=career=employment=profession
14.娱乐:
enjoyment=pastimes=recreation=entertainment
15.孩子:
children=offspring=descendant=kid
★短语:
1.充满了:
befilledwith=beawashwith=beinundatewith=besaturatedwith
2.努力:
strugglefor=aspireafter=strivefor=sparenoeffortsfor
3.从事:
embarkon=takeup=setabout=goinfor
4.在当代:
incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage
5.大量的:
ahostof=amultitudeof=avastnumberof=avastamountof
1重要的,重大的,有价值的.【adj】important=crucial(extremelyimportant),significant(amountoreffectlargeenoughtobeimportant)
2.普通的;共同的;通常的;一般的.【adj】common=universal,ubiquitous(ifsomethingisubiquitous,itseemstobeeverywhere)
3.充裕的;丰富的;盛产【adj】abundant=ample(enoughandusuallyextra),plentiful(enoughforpeople'sneedsandwants)
4.坚持;粘着;依附;追随【vi】stick=adhere,cling(holdonsomethingtightly)
5.疏忽,忽视;忽略【vt】neglect=ignore.(difference:
neglectmeanssomeonehasnotpaidenoughattentiontosomething;ignoremeansnoattention.)
6.邻近的,毗连的【adj】near=adjacent(twothingsnexttoeachother),adjoin【vi/vt】(thesameasadjacent)
7.从事;追赶;继续;纠缠【vt】pursue=woo(manwooswoman,old-fashioned),seek(ifyouseeksth,youtrytoobtainit.FORMAL)
8.精确的;明确的;严格的【adj】accurate=precise(preciseisexactandaccurateinalldetails),exact(correctineverydetail)
9.模糊的;含糊的;不明确的【adj】vague=obscure(unknownorknownbyonlyafewpeople)
10.顶点【n】top=peak【n/v】,summit
11.竞争者,对手【n】competitor=rival,opponent(especiallyinsportsandpolitics)
12.责备;归咎于【vt】blame=定罪【vt】condemn(ifyoucondemnsomething,yousayitisverybadandunacceptable)
13.意见,主张,立场,观点【n】pinion=perspective,standpoint(meanslookingataneventorsituationinaparticularway)
14.声望;名声,名誉【n】fame=prestige(describethosewhoareadmired),reputation
15.建筑,建立【v】build=erect(youcanerectsomethingasbuildings,FORMAL),establish
16.侮辱;辱骂;损害【v】insult=humiliate(dosomethingorsaysomethingwhichmakespeoplefeelashamedorstupid)
17.抱怨【v】complain=grumble(complainsomethinginabad-temperedway)
18.初级的,根本的【adj】primary=radical(veryimportantandgreatindegree),fundamental
19.减轻,解围【vt】relieve=alleviate(alleviatemeansyoumakepainorsufferingslessintenseorsevere)
20.强迫,迫使【v】force=coercesinto(coercemeansyoumakesomeonedosomethings/hedoesnotwantto),compel
21.扩大,放大【v】enlarge=magnify(magnifymeansmakesomethinglargerthanitreallyis)
22.复杂的【adj】complex=intricate(ifsomethingisintricate,itoftenhasmanysmallpartsanddetails)
23.孤独的【adj】Lonely=solitary(ifsomeoneissolitary,thereisnoonenearhim/her)
24.小的,微小的【adj】small=minuscule(verysmall),minute,
25.称赞,赞扬【v】praise=extol(strongerthanpraise),compliment(politeandpolitical)
26.刻苦的,努力的【adj】hard-working=assiduous(someonewhoisassiduousworkshardordoesthingsverythoroughly
27.困难的,费力的【adj】difficult=arduous(ifsomethingisarduous,itisdifficultandtiring,andinvolvesalotofefforts)
28.贫瘠的【adj】poor(soil)=barren,infertile(usedtodescribethesoilissopoorthatplantscannotbeplantedonit)
29.脆弱的,易碎的【adj】fragile=brittle,vulnerable(someonewhoisvulnerableiseasilyhurtemotionallyorphysically)
30.证明,显示【v】show=demonstrate(todemonstrateafactmeanstpmakeitcleartopeople.)
31.巨大的,大量的【adj】big=massive(largeinsize,quantity,orextent),colossal(usethisword,youemphasizesomething’slarge),tremendous(INF