高考英语真题分类汇编 专题十一 主旨大意1.docx

高考英语真题分类汇编 专题十一 主旨大意1.docx

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高考英语真题分类汇编专题十一主旨大意1

专题十一主旨大意

Passage1（2014课标全国Ⅱ,A）体裁:

记叙文　词数:

269

ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.

Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.

Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganisedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.

Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusband􀆳snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan（垃圾桶）thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.

Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.

Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.

1.WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?

A.Goshopping.B.Findahouse.

C.Joinhisfamily.D.Takeavacation.

2.Thegirl􀆳sparentsgotRashid􀆳sphonenumberfrom　　　. 

A.afriendofhisfamilyB.aSydneypoliceman

C.aletterinhispapersD.astrangerinSydney

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored”inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Showed.B.Sentout.C.Delivered.D.Gaveback.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FromIndiatoAustralia.B.LivinginaNewCountry.

C.TurningTrashtoTreasure.D.InSearchofNewFriends.

答案

[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,题材是人物故事类。

从印度来到悉尼的第一个星期,作者的丈夫Rashid的手提箱被盗,里面装有重要文件,包括护照,在这个举目无亲的陌生城市里,他会得到帮助吗?

1.B　

2.C　

3.D　

4.C　

Passage2（2014辽宁,C）体裁:

说明文　词数:

264

Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?

UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:

treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”. 

Nitrogen（氮）andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi（真菌）networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons（神经元）inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.

Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.

“Wedidn􀆳ttakeanynoticeofit,”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.

1.Theunderlinedsentence“theoppositeistrue”inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees　　　. 

A.competeforsurvival

B.protecttheirownwealth

C.dependoneachother

D.providesupportfordyingtrees

2.“Mothertrees”areextremelyimportantbecausethey　　　. 

A.lookthelargestinsizeintheforest

B.passonnutritiontoyoungtrees

C.seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans

D.knowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”

3.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto　　　. 

A.how“treesocieties”work

B.howtreesgrowold

C.howforestryindustrydevelops

D.howyoungtreessurvive

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans

B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection

C.TreesAreMoreAwesomeThanYouThink

D.TreesContributeToOurSociety

答案

[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。

本文介绍了森林里的树木是如何互相依赖而生存的。

1.C　

2.B　

3.A　

4.C　

Passage3（2014四川,C）体裁:

记叙文　词数:

293

Aschoolgirlsavedherfather􀆳slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic（过敏的）reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.

Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm􀆳sheartbystamping（踩）onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.

Izzy􀆳smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.

However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren􀆳tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather􀆳schestinstead.

Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按压）untiltheambulancearrived.

Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:

“Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn􀆳tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.”

“She􀆳salittlestar,”saidDebbie.“IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan􀆳tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe􀆳vegottoseeanexpert.”

TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.

Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.

1.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest　　　. 

A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhim

C.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart

2.What􀆳stherightorderoftheevents?

①IzzykickedColm.

②Debbiecalled999.

③IzzylearnedCPR.

④Colm􀆳sheartstopped.

A.③①②④B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④③①②

3.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?

A.WhatColmsuffered.

B.Colm􀆳spresentcondition.

C.WhatcausedColm􀆳sallergy.

D.SymptomsofColm􀆳sallergicreaction.

4.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?

A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.

B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.

C.Toreporta9-year-oldgirl􀆳sbraveact.

D.Tocallpeople􀆳sattentiontoallergicreaction.

答案

[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,题材是人物故事类。

35岁的卡车司机Colm在家中因为过敏而心跳骤停,挽救他生命的不是随后赶来的救护车,也不是他的妻子,而是他还在上小学的9岁的女儿。

你知道这个小女孩是怎么挽救了自己爸爸的生命的吗?

是靠她那双小脚丫。

1.D　

2.C　

3.A　

4.C　

Passage4（2014重庆,A）体裁:

记叙文　词数:

262

Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace,butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled（贴标签）everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime,KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover,andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.

Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon,Iheardherscreaming,“Takeyourshoesaway!

Whyundermybed!

”Deafened,Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.

Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation,Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup,shequicklycrawled（爬）underhercovers,sobbing.Obviously,thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.

Slowly,Icollectedthepencils,tookbackthebooks,mademybed,cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor,evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn􀆳tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching,hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then,shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme,“Thanks.”

KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn􀆳talwaysagree,butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether:

givingin,cleaningupandholdingon.

1.WhatmadeKatesoangryoneevening?

A.Shecouldn􀆳tfindherbooks.

B.Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.

C.Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.

D.Shesawtheauthor􀆳sshoesbeneathherbed.

2.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause　　　. 

A.shewasscaredbyKate􀆳sanger

B.shehatedherselfforbeingsomessy

C.shewantedtoshowhercare

D.shewasaskedbyKatetodoso

3.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped?

A.Byanalyzingcauses.

B.Byshowingdifferences.

C.Bydescribingaprocess.

D.Byfollowingtimeorder.

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory?

A.MyFriendKate

B.HardWorkPaysOff

C.HowtoBeOrganized

D.LearningtoBeRoommates

答案

[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,题材为社会生活类。

“我”和“我”的室友Kate的生活习惯截然相反:

“我”邋里邋遢,而她干干净净,终于我们之间爆发了战争。

不过我们还是找到了解决问题的办法:

让步、清理和坚持。

1.D　

2.C　

3.B　

4.D　

Passage5（2014重庆,E）体裁:

议论文　词数:

266

It􀆳sgenerallybelievedthatpeopleactthewaytheydobecauseoftheirpersonalitiesandattitudes.Theyrecycletheirgarbagebecausetheycareabouttheenvironment.Theypay$5foracaramelbruléelattebecausetheylikeexpensivecoffeedrinks.

It􀆳sundeniablethatbehaviorcomesfromourinnerdispositions（性情）,butinmanyinstanceswealsodrawinferencesaboutwhoweare,assuggeste