届高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷全国甲卷.docx

届高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷全国甲卷.docx

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届高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷全国甲卷

高考英语各省模拟试题汇编卷

全国甲卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2022·福建·厦门一中高一开学考试）Travellingtheworldissomethingthatleavesanimpactonyourbeing.Hereisalistofinspiringdestinationsthatareboundtochangeyourlife.SomecompletelyinfluencedwhoIamtoday,andsomeareattheverytopofmybucketlist.

Kenya

ThebeautifulMaasaipeopleareasymboloffamilyandlove,andalthoughsomeoftheirculturaltraditionsmaynotbeacceptedbyeveryone,theirwillingnesstoacceptothersandcherishthebeautyofKenyaistrulyhardtoignore.

Kenya’sincrediblelandshowedmetheimportanceofappreciatingalllivingbeingsandhelpedmerecognizethatregardlessofourspecies,wehavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Visitingthiscountrymademerealizethatlivinginharmonywithwildlifeissomethingthatweallshouldfightfor,nomatterwherewemightbeintheworld.

Myanmar

UnlikesomanyotherdestinationinAsiathathavebeencrowdedbytourists,thiscounty’shistoricappearanceisstillentirelyexistent.Ancienttemplesarescatteredacrosstheland,andthequiet,peacefulBuddhistapproachtolifeisstillverymuchcommon.

Formanypeople,Myanmarisadestinationthatbroughtpeacebackintotheirlives.DuetoitslargeBuddhistpopulation.—almost90%infact—thiscountrymakesyouappreciatealllifeonEarthlikeneverbefore,whileitsuntouchedlandscapesmakeyoufallheadoverheelswiththeworld.

MuchlikeIndia,thisisadiversecountrywherepeoplelivesidebysideinharmony,regardlessofreligions.

India

Indiaisaplacethatteachesyousomanyimportantlifelessons.Alotofpeoplehaveaskedmewhatitwasaboutthiscountrythatmademechangesomuch,andIhonestlycouldn’ttellyou.It’satruemixtureofseeingvarioussights,beingabsorbedintheuniqueatmosphere,andlearningaboutspiritualityandmanydiversereligions.

1．WhatinfluencedidvisitingKenyahaveontheauthor?

A．Itlethimaccepttheirculturaltraditions.

B．Itbroughtpeacebackintohislife.

C．Ithelpedhimappreciateallcreatures.

D．Itmadehimrealizeallspeciesaresodifferent.

2．WhatdoMyanmarandIndiahaveincommon?

A．Thevariousreligions.B．Theabundantwildlife.

C．Theuntouchedscenery.D．Thecrowdedtemples.

3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A．Anewsreport.B．Atravelblog.

C．Asciencemagazine.D．Ageographytextbook.

B

（2022·广西柳州·二模）Theveggieburger（素食汉堡）:

thissimplenon-meatburgerisamainmealforavegetarian.Sowhatisaveggieburger?

Aveggieburgerissimilartoanordinaryhamburger,exceptthatitismeat-free,commonlymadefromingredientssuchasbeans,tofu,nuts,grainsandmushrooms.Inmanycases,thedifferencesbetweenthemeathamburgerandveggieburgerareclear,butImpossibleFoodsCompanyplanstoputanendtothat.TheImpossibleburgerismadeofaplant-basedproductthatlookslikeblood.Itclearlylooks,smellsandevenbleedslikemeat,butit’sgrowninalab.TheImpossiblesaysthisburgerishardtotellfromrealmeat,about47%similar,accordingtoatestconductedamongmeatlovers.

Theplant-basedburgerreceivesincreasingattentionfromthepublic.Marketingisonegoodreason:

plant-basedmeatproductsattractmeat-loversandvegetariansalikeduetotheirhealthbenefits.Ifyoucanhavethefoodyouloveatalowerhealthcost,whywouldn’tyou?

Anotherreasonwhymanypeopleresistmeatproductisthattheymayseektoreduceanimalsufferingorthemeatindustry’slargeenvironmentalimpact.Meatproductionisresponsiblefor18%oftotalgreenhousegases,accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.However,theymaystillmissthetasteofmeat.

Finally,“thereareassociatedfeelingsandmemoriesthatgowithcertainfoods,”saysThomasBanks,BBCLearningEnglishproducerand15-yearvegetarian.“Ididn’tgrowupavegetarianandsometimesImissmyfamily’scooking.Plant-basedmeatallowsmetohaveagoodhome-cookedmealthat’sjustlikemumusedtomake.”

Itisreportedthattheglobalmeatsubstitutemarketwasvaluedat$4,512.1millionin2019,andispredictedtoreach$8,823.6millionby2027,showinganannualgrowthrateof7.2%from2021to2027.Accordingtorecentstudies,30%ofAmericansarenotonlyleavingmeatofftheirplatesbutalsoseekingoutmoreplant-basedmeatsubstitutes.

4．WhatdoesImpossibleFoodsCompanyintendtodo?

A．Tomakeveggieburgerlooklikemeathamburger.

B．Todistractpeople’sinterestinmeathamburger.

C．Toexpandthenumbersofveggieburgerlovers.

D．Topersuademorepeopletohavelessmeathamburger.

5．Whydomanypeoplebecomevegetarians?

A．Theydon’tfavorthetasteofmeat.

B．Theywanttodosomegoodtoanimalwelfare.

C．Theyopposetheenvironmentalsustainability.

D．Theywanttomeettheneedoftheirfinancialbenefits.

6．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A．FAOisthepioneerforthemeatlessindustry.

B．Theplant-basedmeatcanbegrownineveryhouseholdgarden.

C．Livestockproductionisresponsiblefor80%oftotalgreenhousegases.

D．Vegetarianscangetmeat-likefoodexperiencesfromtheplant-basedmeat.

7．Howdoestheauthorsupporthisstatementsinthelastparagraph?

A．Bylistingvariousreasons.B．Bygivingadefinition.

C．Bypresentingstatistics.D．Byanalyzingstrengthsandweaknesses.

C

（2022·四川·成都七中二模）ElonMuskisn'tcontentwithelectriccars,shootingpeopleintoorbitandpopulatingMars.Healsowantstogetinsideyourbrain.

Hisgoalistodevelopdevicesthatcanprovidetreatmenttoneural（神经的）diseases-andthatmayonedaybepowerfulenoughtoputhumanityonanequalfootingwithpossiblefuturesuperintelligentcomputers.

Notthatit'sanywhereclosetothatyet.

InavideoFridayobviouslyaimedatseekingnewemployees,MuskshowedoffthesecondversionoftheNeuralink,adeviceaboutthesizeofalargecoin.It'sdesignedtobeputinaperson'shead.Anearlierversionofthedevicehastobeplacedbehindanearlikeahugehearingaid.

Buttheyoungcompanyisfarfromhavingacommercialproduct,whichwouldinvolvecomplexhumantrialsandgovernmentalapproval.Friday'svideoshowedthreepigs.One,namedGertrude,hadaNeuralinkdeviceinitsbrain.

Musk,afounderofboththeelectriccarcompanyTeslaMotorsandthespace-explorationfirmSpaceX,hasalwaysbeenworriedaboutthatsmarterAImachineswilloutwithumans.Hissolution?

Linkourbrainstocomputerssowecankeepupwithorevenwinovertheminintelligence!

Muskurgedcoders（程序员），engineersandespeciallypeoplewhohaveactuallycreatedaproducttoapply."Youdon'tneedtohavebrainexperience,“hesaid,addingthatthisissomethingthatcanbelearnedonthejob.

Connectingabrainupdirectlytoelectronicsisnotnew.DoctorshavealreadyputsimilardevicesinbrainstotreatsuchconditionsasParkinson'sdisease.In2016,researchersreportedthatamanregainedsomemovementinhisownhandwithasimilarbrainimplant.ButMusk'sproposalgoesbeyondthis.Neuralinkwantstobuildonthoseexistingmedicaltreatmentsandworkondevicesthatcouldlinkourbrainstocomputersoneday.

8．WhatcanwelearnaboutthefirstversionoftheNeuralink?

A．Itissmallerthanahearingaid.B．Itcanbeputinaperson'shead.

C．Ithastobeplacedbehindtheear.D．Itisalreadyavailableatthemarket.

9．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“outwit”inparagraph6?

A．Copy.B．Defeat.C．Understand.D．Destroy.

10．WhatkindofcandidatesdoesElonMuskparticularlywant?

A．Someonewhoalsowantstocreatethesamedevice.

B．Doctorswhoalreadyknowhowtotreatbraindiseases.

C．Peoplewhohavealreadydesignedsomeuniqueproduct.

D．Engineerswhoaregoodatlinkingbrainstocomputers.

11．Whereisthistextlikelyfrom?

A．Anadvertisement.B．Atestreport.C．Asciencefiction.D．Anewsreport.

D

（2022·四川省泸县第一中学二模）In2016,Japanesescientistsfoundakindofbacteria,whichtheycalledIdeonellasakainesis,could“eat”plastic.

ThesecretforIdeonellasakainesisisenzymes（酶）usedbybacteriaandothercellstomakechemicalchangeshappen.Itusestwoenzymestoturnplasticintosomethingitcaneat.What'sleftoverafterwardcouldbeusedtomakenewplastic.Oneofthem,called“PETase”,istheonethatbreaksdowntheplastic.Recently,scientistshavefiguredoutawaytomakethebacteriaeatplasticevenfaster.TheydidsomechemicalworkwiththeenzymePETase.Theythoughtwhattheydidwouldmakeiteatplasticevenslower.However,theyweresurprisedtofindthatthechangemadeiteat20%faster.

Thisisanimportantstep,butitwillstillbeawhilebeforewewillknowifIdeonellasakainesiscanreallymakeadifference.Everythinghastobejustrightforittodoitswork.Itcan'tbetoohotortoocold.Thescientistssaythey'llkeepexploringtomakeitworkinallkindsofconditions.Besides,itonlyeatsonekindofplasticcalledPET,whichisusuallyusedformakingbottles.Butscientiststhinkitispossiblethattheremaybeotherkindsofbacteriathateatotherkindsofplastic.Theythinkthatevenifthesebacteriadon'talreadyexist,theymaycomealongsoon.Bacteriacanchangetheirhabitsquickly,comparedtobiggerlifeforms.

Mostplasticcanalreadyberecycled,andthisisreallyjustanewwaytorecycleit.However,asscientistswarnseriously,Ideonellasakainesis'newfunctiondoesnotchangethefactthatonlyabout9%ofplasticsactuallygetrecycled,whiletherestgetthrownaway.Theyalsopointoutthatharmfulchemicalsareaddedwhenplasticismade.Ifbacteriabreakdownplasticinnaturalareas,thosepoisonswillbegivenoff,andcouldaffectplants,animals,orhumans.

12．Howdidthescie