考研英语 长难句分类突破与语法构成.docx

考研英语 长难句分类突破与语法构成.docx

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考研英语长难句分类突破与语法构成

考研英语长难句分类突破与语法构成

第一章名词性从句

一、主语从句

1.Itisastrangethought,butIbelieveacorrectone,thattwentyorthirtypagesofideasandinformationwouldbecapableofturningthepresent-dayworldupsidedown,orevendestroyingit.

2.Whileit’struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions.

3.Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseasesweshalleventuallydieofoldage,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.

4.ItisrecountedofCarlylethatwhenheheardoftheillnessofhisfriend,Henry,hewentoffimmediatelytovisithim,carryingwithhiminhispocketwhatremainedofabottleofmedicineformerlyprescribedforanindispositionofMrsCarlyle’s.

二、宾语从句

1.Thephrase“substanceabuse”isoftenusedinsteadof“drugabuse”tomakeclearthatsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccocanbejustasharmfullymisusedasheroinandcocaine.

2.Itwasnecessarytorecognizethattheseinstitutionswhicharebasedonthesamepremises,letussaythesupernatural,mustbeconsideredtogether,ourownamongtherest.

3.Theyoungcouplewasworriedbecauseneitherofthemwasawareofwheretheyhadlostthenecklace.

4.Moregenerally,theescapeclausescouldunderminethereformsbyencouragingthesuspicionthatthenewpackagewillnotdeliverthechangesthatitssupportersclaim,butcloseanalysisofwhatisinevitablyaverycomplicatedpackagemightconfirmtheskeptics’fears.

5.Aleadershouldshowthatheorshevaluestheinputofsubordinates---forexample,byinvolvingthemindecisionsaboutmattersinwhichtheyhaveadirectstake.

三、表语从句

1.Theironyofthehistorian’scraftisthatitspractitionersalwaysknowthattheireffortsarebutcontributionstoanunendingprocess.

2.Whatishardertoestablishiswhethertheproductivityrevolutionthatbusinessmenassumetheyarepresidingoverisforreal.

3.Galileo’sgreatestglorywasthatin1609hewasthefirstpersontoturnthenewlyinventedtelescopeontheheavenstoprovethattheplanetsrevolvearoundthesunratherthanaroundtheearth.

4.Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,humannature,andsoon.

四、同位语

1.LeviCoffin,ateacherraisedinNorthCarolina,explained,“TheBile,inbiddingustofeedthehungryandclothethenaked,saidnothingaboutcolor.”

2.InEurope,aselsewheremulti-mediagroupshavebeenincreasinglysuccessful:

groupswhichbringtogethertelevision,radio,newspaper,magazinesandpublishinghousesthatworkinrelationtooneanother.

3.Thisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurvivein,afactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworks,nolessthan50%tookalossin1989.

4.Imaginetheeffectonareasonablyadvancedtechnologicalsociety,onethatstilldoesnotpossessthebomb,ofmakingitawareofthepossibility,ofsupplyingsufficientdetailstoenablethethingtobeconstructed.

5.HensonisbutonenameonalonglistofcourageousmenandwomenwhotogetherforgedtheUndergroundRailroad,asecretwebofescaperoutesandsafehousesthattheyusedtoliberateslavesfromtheAmericanSouth.

6.Rather,wehaveacertainconceptionoftheAmericancitizen,acharacterwhoisincompleteifhecannotcompetentlyassesshowhislivelihoodandhappinessareaffectedbythingsoutsideofhimself.

第二章定语从句

1.TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagecouldbe.

2.Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsofkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace.

3.Butthat,Pearsonpointsout,isonlythestartofman-machineintegration:

Itwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimatelyleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextcentury.

4.Newwaysoforganizingtheworkplace---allthatre-engineeringanddownsizing---areonlyonecontributiontotheoverallproductivityofaneconomy,whichisdrivenbymanyotherfactorssuchasjointinvestmentinequipmentandmachinery,newtechnology,andinvestmentineducationandtraining.

5.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.

6.Themethodofscientificinvestigationisnothingbuttheexpressionofthenecessarymodeofworkingofthehumanmind;itissimplythemodebywhichallphenomenaarereasonedaboutandgivenpreciseandexactexplanations.

7.SiliconValleyisamagnettowhichnumeroustalentedengineers,scientistsandentrepreneursfromoverseasflockinsearchoffame,fastmoneyandtoparticipateinatechnologicalrevolutionwhoseimpactonmankindwillsurelysurpasstheepoch-makingEuropeanRenaissanceandIndustrialRevolutionofthebygoneage.

8.Theprincipleofmakingthebestuseofallwehaverequiresthatwestopthewasteofhumanlifeinindustryandpreventthewasteofhumanwelfarewhichflowsfromtheunfairuseofconcentratedpowerandwealthinthehandsofmenwhoseeagernessforprofitblindsthemtothecostofwhattheydo.

第三章状语从句

1.ThenewlydescribedlanguageswereoftensostrikinglydifferentfromthewellstudiedlanguageofEuropeandSoutheastAsiathatsomescholarsevenaccusedBoasandSapiroffabricatingtheirdata.

2.Thegreaterinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditionsdeservetheopportunitytofulldeveloptheircapabilities.

3.Althoughperhapsonly1percentofthelifethathasstartedsomewherewilldevelopintohighlycomplexandintelligentpatterns,sovastisthenumberofplants,thatintelligentlifeisboundtobeanaturalpartoftheuniverse.

Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestillfurtherinnovationsforthereasonsgivenabove.

5.Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforallchildren---therightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhisorhercapacity,whetherthatcapacitybesmallorgreat.

第四章并列结构

1.Aninvisibleborderdividesthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomonthebehalfofstudent’scareerprospectsandthosearguingforcomputersintheclassroomforbroaderreasonsofradicaleducationalreform.

2.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.

3.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandanddutiesofthelandowners;andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.

4.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbournespranguptohouselarge“Comfortable”classeswhohadretiredontheirincomes,andwhohadnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatofdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholder’smeetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.

5.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.

6.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyandreliable.

7.Youhaveallhearditrepeatedthatmenofscienceworkbymeansofinductionanddeduction,thatbythehelpoftheseoperations,they,inasortofsense,managetoextractfromNaturecertainnaturallaws,andthatoutofthese,bysomespecialskilloftheirown,theybuilduptheirtheories.

第五章非谓语结构

1.IntheAmericaneconomy,theconceptofprivatepropertyembracesnotonlytheownershipofproductiveresourcesbutalsocertainrights,includingtherighttodeterminethepriceofaproductortomakeafreecontractwithanotherprivateindividual.

2.Inadraftprefacetotherecommendations,discussesatthe17Maymeeting,Shapirosuggestedthatthepanelhadfoundabroadconsensusthatitwouldbe“morallyunacceptabletoattempttocreateahumanchildbyadultnuclearcloning.”

3.Bankingontheconfusionbetweeneducationalandvocationalreasonsforbringingcomputersintoschools,computeredadvocatesoftenemphasizethejobprospectsofgraduatesovertheireducationalachievement.

4.Hiscolleague,MichaelBeer,saysthatfartoomanycompanieshaveappliedreengineeringinamechanisti