贵阳一中高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析.docx

贵阳一中高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析.docx

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贵阳一中高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析

2021年贵阳一中高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

ElectricShocksCanBeFatal

GovernmentstatisticsrecentlyshowedthatintheUK,morethan3,000peopleayearexperienceelectricshocksintheirhomes.Asmallernumberofpeoplearekilledaftertheytouchthepowerlinesoutsidetheirhomes.Electricshockscancauseaperson'sheartorbreathtostopandarepotentiallyfatal.Itisessentialforpeopletolearnbasictechniquestodealwithsuchemergencies.

Whattodo?

●Ifyouarethefirstpersontoreachsomeonewhohasanelectricshock,don'ttouchhimorher!

●Ifthevictimisstillholdingtheappliancethatgiveshimorhertheshock（e.g.ahairdryer）,unplugitorturnoffthepoweratitssource.Undernocircumstancescanyoutrytomovetheappliancewithyourhands!

●Ifyoucan'tturnoffthepower,useapieceofwood,likeabroomhandleorachair,toseparatethevictimfromtheapplianceorthepowersource.Youmayevenbeabletodothiswithafoldednewspaper.

●Thevictimmustremainlyingdown.Ifheorsheisunconscious,thevictimshouldbeplacedonhisorherside.Butheorsheshouldnotbemovedifthereisapossibilityofneckorspineinjuriesunlessitislynecessary.

●Itisessentialtomaintainthevictim'sbodyheat,somakesureyoucoverhimorherwithablanketbeforeyoudoanythingelse.Ifthevictimisnotbreathing,applymouth-to-mouthresuscitation（人工呼吸）.Keepthevictim'sheadlowuntilprofessionalhelparrives.

●Iftheelectricshockhasbeencausedbyanexternalpowerline,thedangerstothevictimandtoanybodyprovidingfirstaidaremuchgreater.

1.Whatkindofpassageisit?

A.Anadvertisement.B.Ahorrorstory.

C.Anewsreport.D.Firstaidemergencyadvice.

2.Theunderlinedsentenceimpliesthat________.

A.youshouldmovetheappliance

B.youshouldpickuptheapplianceandturnofftheelectricity

C.itisverydangeroustotouchtheappliancewithyourhands

D.itisunnecessarytounplugtheappliancewithyourhands

3.Whenapersonhasgotanelectricshock,youshould________.

A.separatethevictimfromtheapplianceandlethimsitup

B.keepthevictimwarmandhelphimorherbreatheagain

C.movethevictimontohisorhersideifheorshehasgotneckinjuries

D.keepthevictim'sheadhighuntilprofessionalhelparrives

B

AcompanycalledNeuralinkhassharedavideowhichappearstoshowamonkeyplayingavideogame,butwhatmakesthevideoevenstrangeristhatthemonkeyisplayingthevideogamewithjustitsmind.

NeuralinkisacompanyownedbyElonMusk,whichisworkingtodevelopdevicesthatcouldallowpeopletocontrolthingsusingjusttheirbrains.ThemonkeyinthevideoiscalledPager,havingspecial"Link"devicesinsidehisbrain.Thesedevicesareconnectedto2,048wireswhichleadtothepartsofPager'sbrainthatcontrolmovementsofthearmsandhands.

ScientiststaughtPagertoplayavideogameusingabananajuiceasarewardwhenheplayedthegamecorrectly.SoonPagerwaseagertoplaywellinordertogetmoresmoothie.Atfirst,Pagercontrolledthevideogameusingajoystick（操纵杆）.ButasPagerplayed,hisLinkdeviceswirelesslysentoutinformationaboutthesignalshisbrainwasusingtocontrolhisarmsandhands.Neuralink'sscientistsrecordedallofthesesignals.

ThentheyusedcomputerstomatchupthesignalsfromPager'sbraintothemovementsthathishandswereactuallydoing.Thiswaschallengingworkandthescientistscountedonartificialintelligence（AI）tohelpthemdecode（解码）Pager'sbrainsignals.

ThenextstepwastohaveacomputermakemovesinthevideogameasifPagerhadactuallymovedthejoystick.IfPagerthoughtaboutmovingthejoystickup,thecomputerwouldsendan"up"signaltothevideogame.ThusPagerwasabletoplaythevideogameusingjusthisbrain.

Whenpeopleareparalyzed（瘫痪的）,it'softenbecausethebrainhaslosttheabilitytosendsignalstonervesandmusclesincertainpartsofthebody.Neuralinkhopesthatoneday,itssystemwillbeabletosendthisinformationinadifferentway,allowingparalyzedpeopletousetheirarmsorlegsagain.

4.WhatdoesNeuralinkaimtodo?

A.Tomakemonkeysmuchsmarter.

B.Tosolvecomplexproblemswithmonkeys.

C.Tocreateadevicelinkingmonkeysandpeople.

D.Tomakepeoplecontrolthingswiththeirbrains.

5.Howdoestheauthorintroducetheprocessoftheresearch?

A.Inorderoftime.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Inorderofspace.

6.Whatplayedanimportantroleinthesuccessoftheresearch?

A.Thejoystick.B.Artificialintelligence.

C.Thevideogame.D.Thebananasmoothie.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleofthetest?

A.NeuralinkPostsanUnusualVideo

B.DisabledPeopleHaveaBrightFuture

C.MonkeyPlaysVideoGameswithHisMind

D.Neuralink,aCreativeandCompetitiveCompany

C

In2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabbleDictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards’impressivefeatisausefulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks—realAI.BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.

ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.

ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infact,fourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists—gowellbeyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieldandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.

Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon’temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?

Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:

jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.

SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.

8.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?

A.Tointroducethetopic.

B.TomentionNigel’sfeat.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodmemory.

D.TosuggesthumansgobeyondAIinmemory.

9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“outperform”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.BesuperiortoB.Beequalto

C.BesimilartoD.Berelatedto

10.Whichofthefollowingjobsisthemostlikelytobereplaced?

A.Thewriter.B.Theshopassistant.

C.Thebabysitter.D.Thepsychologist.

11.WhatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutjobreplacementofAI?

A.LimittheapplicationofAItoacertaindegree.

B.Getmoresupportfromthegovernment.

C.Applyforthedonationfromcompanies.

D.Upgradethemselvesallthetime.

D

DidyouknowpeoplewholiveindifferentpartsofChinahavedifferenthabitsandpreferences?

Forexample,peoplefromsouthernChinaprefertoeatvegetables,whilepeoplefromnorthChinaliketoeatmeat.Accordingtoanewstudyinajournal,genevariations（变异）mightberesponsibleforthesedifferences.ResearchersfromChina’sBGIcollectedgeneticinformationfrom141,431Chinesewomen,whocamefrom31provincesandconsistedof36ethnicminoritygroups.

TheyfoundthatnaturalselectionhasplayedanimportantroleinthewaysthatpeoplelivingindifferentregionsofChinahavedeveloped,affectingtheirfoodpreferences,immunities（免疫力）toillnessandphysicalfeatures.

AvariationofthegeneFADS2ismorecommonlyfoundinnorthernpeople.Ithelpspeoplemetabolize（新陈代谢）fattyacids,whichsuggestsadietthatisrichinflesh.Thisisduetoclimatedifferences.NorthernChinaisatahigherlatitude.Thisweatherisdifficulttogrowvegetablesin.Therefore,northernerstendtoeatmoremeat.

Thestudyalsofounddifferencesintheimmunesystemsofbothgroups.MostpeopleinsouthernChinacarrythegeneCR1,whichprotectsagainstmalaria.MalariawasoncequitecommoninsouthernChina.Inordertosurvive,thegenesofpeopleinthesouthevolvedtofightagainstthisdisease.However,peopleinthesoutharealsomoresensitivetocertainillnesses,astheylackthegenestostopthem.

Genescanalsocausephysicaldifferencesbetweennorthernersandsoutherners.MostnorthernershavetheABCC11gene,whichcausesdryearwax,lessbodysmellandfewersweats.Thesephysicaldifferencesarealsomorebeneficialtolivingincoldenvironments.Southernersarelesslikelytohavethisgene,asitdidnotdevelopintheirpopulation.

12.Whatdidthenewstudyfocuson?

A.Regions.B.Eatinghabits.

C.Genevariations.D.Ethnicminoritygroups.

13.WhatisthemainfunctionofthegeneFADS2?

A.Ithelpsstorefat.B.Ithelpsdigestmeat.

C.Ithelpsgainweight.D.Ithelpstreatanillness.

14.Accordingtothestudy,mostnortherners________.

A.sweatlessfrequentlyB.areimmunetomalaria

C.prefervegetablestomeatD.aremoresensitivetoclimates

15.Howmanydifferencesdidthestudyfindrelatedtogenes?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项

Upto40%ofthe