九年级英语专题复习教案之宾语从句.docx
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九年级英语专题复习教案之宾语从句
九年级英语专题复习教案之宾语从句
【复习内容】宾语从句考点归纳
【复习目标】
1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词
2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语
3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
【重点】语序和时态呼应
【难点】语序和时态呼应
【学生练习】
试一试,你能将下列句子改为宾语从句吗?
1.Sheisacarefulgirl.
Theteachersaidacarefulgirl.
2.Willtheywin?
Iwonder.
3.Doestheplanestopontheway?
Couldyoutellmetheplaneonthewayornot?
4.Whatdoeshewant?
Motheraskedme.
5.Hehasboughtthedictionary.
Hesaidthathethedictionary.
6.Whatishisname?
Theteacheraskedme.
7.Whatiswrongwithyourcomputer?
Mr.Wangknewwithyourcomputer.
8.Iasked,Areyoudoingyourhomework,Meimei?
IaskedMeimeidoinghomework.
9.ThebabyaskedMother,Whydoesthesunrisefromtheeast?
ThebabyaskedMotherwhyfromtheeast.
10.Excuseme,howcanIgettothepostoffice?
thedriversaidtothepoliceman.
Thedriveraskedthepolicemangettothepostoffice.
Key:
1.she,was2.if,they,will,win3.whether,stops4.what,he,wanted5.had,bought6.what,his,name,was7.what,was,wrong8.ifshe,was,her9.why,the,sun,rises10.how,he(she),could
【教师指导】
一,所谓宾语从句就是句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当,当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句的三要点:
1、引导词2、从句语序3、从句的时态
二、宾语从句的连接词或引导词
1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg.Iamafraid(that)youareright.
2.连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作是否解,在口语中多用if。
eg.Tomdon'tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.
HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.
一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:
①在不定式前:
Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.
②在介词前:
Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.
③与ornot连用:
Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.
④宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether。
Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem.
3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
eg.
1.Heasked______________________________.(谁能回答这个问题)
2.Doyouknow__________________________.(他们在等谁)
3.Heasked____________________________________________.(谁的书法是班上最好的)
4.Pleasetellme____________________________.(我们什么时候开会)
5.Canyoutellme______________.(他在哪儿)
6.Couldyoutellme____________________________.(我该怎么去站)
7.Wouldyoutellme____________________.(为什么火车迟到了)
三、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分。
特别强调:
它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。
Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?
(╳)
Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?
(√)
Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:
what在从句中的成分)
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg.Shesaid,Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.
四、宾语从句的时态呼应
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。
如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
eg.Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)
Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)
【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.
五.其他需要说明的问题
1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。
eg.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?
2、宾语从句的特殊情形
在Doyouthink/believe/suppose----?
等结构中,宾语从句如果是由疑问词引导的,则要用疑问词+doyouthink/believe/suppose+正常语序?
如:
Whathashappenedtohim?
Doyouthink?
Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtohim?
3.宾语从句的否定形式
在think,believe等动词后面的宾语从句,如果从句的谓语动词表示否定意义,一般要将否定词not移到主句的谓语动词上面去,即通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的(意义)谓语动词。
此时变反意疑问句时仍将宾语从句视为否定,反意疑问部分用肯定形式。
如:
1、Idontthinkhewillcome.
2、Idontthinkhewillcome,willhe?
3、Ithinkhewillcome,wonthe?
4.句式的转变
1、当主句的谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,agree等,其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化成动词不定式结构。
如:
WeiHuahopesthatshewillbebacksoon.
WeiHuahopestobebacksoon.
2、当know,learn,remember,forget等动词其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句主语一致时,可以简化成疑问词+不定式结构。
如:
IdontknowwhatIshouldsay.Idontknowwhattosay.
3、当tell,learn,show,teach等动词其后接宾语从句,并且从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致时,可以简化成疑问词+不定式结构。
如:
CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?
(句子中的me和I指的是同一个人)可以改写为:
Couldyoutellmehowtogetthere?
【课堂同步检测】
做一做,你是不是有很大提高呢?
1.Couldyoupleasetellme___todoinyoursparetime?
A.whatdoyoulike
B.whatyoulike
C.howwouldyoulike
2.Couldyoutellme___?
HelivesinLondonStreet.
A.WhereTonylivesB.WheredoesTonyliveC.WheredidTonylive
3.Iwonder_____forthisschooltripnextSunday.Canyoutellme?
A.whereshallwegoB.whereweshallgoC.whenweshallgo
4.WhatdidMariaaskjustnow?
Shewondered___.
A.whereTonylivedB.whereTonylivesC.wheredoesTonylive
5.Mr.White,whatdidmymomtalkwithyoujustnow?
Oh,shewondered___.
A.ifyoustudyhardatschool
B.howyoustudyatschool
C.Whatdidyoustudyatschool
6.Pardon?
Iwonder___thismorning.
A.howdoyoucomehereB.howdidyoucomehere
C.howyoucamehere
7.Couldyoutellme_____?
A.whendoesthetrainarrive
B.whenthetrainarrives
C.whenarrivesthetrain
8.Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.
Theysayheisateacher.
A.whatB.whoC.which
9.Couldyoutellme___?
A.whenwillTomcomebackB.whendoesTomcomeback
C.whenTomwillcomeback
10.Doyouknow__duringthecomingsummerholiday?
A.whatwillTomdo?
B.whatdidTomdo?
C.whatTomwilldo
【课外巩固】
练一练,你已经很棒了,再来最后一搏吧。
1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper___WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.if
2.Idon'tknow___Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.
HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.
A.whyB.whenC.howD.where
3.–Weneverknow__theoldmanis.
–Theysayheisateacher.
A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where
4.Iwastold___BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.
A.thathowB.howthat
C.whenthatD.thatwhen
5.Doyouknow___?
I'mgoingtoseehim.
Sorry,Idon'tknow.
A.wheredoesMr.Lilive
B.wheredidMr.Lilive
C.whereMr.Lilives
D.whereMr.Lilived
6.Wheredoyouthink__he__thecomputer?
Sorry,Ihavenoidea.
A./;boughtB.has;bought
C.did;buyD.does;buy
7.WhereisJack?
Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.
A.thatB.which
C.whereD.there
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.
Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.
2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.
Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.
3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.
Jackdidntknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.
【复习小结】
:
1、变宾语从句的四个要素:
引导词、语序、时态和标点符号
2、牢记宾语从句中的陈述句语序。
3、注意主句与从句时态的一致性(即:
当主句是过去式时,从句要用过去范畴的某种时态,客观真理或自然现象除外)