tense和非谓语exx.docx
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tense和非谓语exx
五种时态基本概念:
一、一般现在时:
1.句型转换:
1)be动词
a)肯定句:
主语+am/is/are+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+am/is/are+not+其它
c)一般疑问句:
Am/Is/Are+主语+其它?
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其它?
2)实义动词
a)肯定句:
主语+原形动词/三单+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+don't/doesn't+原形动词+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Do/Does+主语+原形动词+其它?
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+do/does+主语+原形动词+其它?
2.标志语(常连用的时间状语):
1)always,usually,often,sometimes,never等。
2)nowadays,everyday,onSundays等。
二、一般过去时:
1.句型转换:
1)be动词
a)肯定句:
主语+was/were+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+was/were+not+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Was/Were+主语+其它?
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?
2)实义动词
a)肯定句:
主语+V过去式+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+didn't+原形动词+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Did+主语+原形动词+其它?
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+did+主语+原形动词+其它?
2.标志语(常连用的时间状语):
1)yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow,amomentago,
atthattime,then,longbefore,lastnight等。
2)last+时间名词,一段时间+ago,in+过去年月,
yesterdaymorning(afternoon等)。
3)上下文等。
4)在谈到已故的人的情况时多用过去时。
三、一般将来时:
1.句型转换:
a)肯定句:
主语+will+V原形+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+will+not+V原形+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Will+主语+V原形+其它?
Yes,主语will./No,主语won't.
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+will+主语+V原形+其它?
2.标志语(常连用的时间状语):
1)tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,beforelong,
inthefuture,tonight,soon,later,thisevening等。
2)next+时间名词,in+一段时间’stime,
in+一段时间,in+将来时间(in2013)等。
3)上下文等。
3.特殊用法:
1)少数位移动词(come,go,leave,die等)的进行时可表将来概念。
2)when,until,if引起的从句用一般现在时表将来。
3)begoingto结构表计划、打算做某事或有迹象表明即将发生。
四、现在进行时:
1.句型转换:
a)肯定句:
主语+am(is/are)+Ving+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+am(is/are)+not+Ving+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Am(Is/Are+主语+Ving+其它?
Yes,主语be./No,主语benot.
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+am(is/are)+主语+Ving+其它?
2.标志语(常连用的时间状语):
1)now,atthepresent,rightnow等
2)look!
Listen!
等。
3)Wherebe+主语?
/Don'tmakeanoise!
/Pleasebequiet!
。
/It's+时刻.
4)上下文等。
3.特殊用法:
1)少数位移动词(come,go,leave,die等)的进行时可表将来概念。
2)表感觉、情感、看法、愿望、心理状态、所有关系或特征等的动词,一般不用进行时态.如:
like,love,have(有)等。
五、现在完成时:
1.句型转换:
a)肯定句:
主语+have(has)+Vpp+其它。
b)否定句:
主语+have(has)+not+Vpp+其它。
c)一般疑问句:
Have(Has)+主语+Vpp+其它?
Yes,主语have(has)./No,主语haven't(hasn't).
d)特殊疑问句:
疑问词+have(has)+主语+Vpp+其它?
2.标志语(常连用的时间状语):
1)already※肯定句中间或末尾,“已经".
※疑问句中间或末尾,“已经”,表惊讶意外等感情色彩。
2)yet※疑问句末尾,“已经”。
※否定句末尾,“尚,还”
3)ever疑问句中间,“曾经”
4)never句中(have/has和Vpp之间)。
5)before句子中间,“以前”。
6)just句子中间,“刚刚”。
3.特殊用法:
1)havebeento去过某地(不在某地)。
havegoneto到某地去了(不在说话者之地,在某地或去某地的途中)。
专项练习:
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.Shanghai_____(be)asmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowit_____(become)alargecity.
2.Johnisalwaysbusy.He_____(sleep)onlysixhourseveryday.
3.Nobody_____(come)toseeyouyesterdaymorning.
4.Mygrandmother_____(give)meanewpenasapresentonmytwelfthbirthday.
5.Anaccident_____(happen)atthecornerofthestreetamomentago.
6.Thedays_______(start)beforesixo'clockinsummer.
7.Myfriend_______(wait)forme.Ihavetoleavenow.
8.I_______(like)collectingstampsfiveyearsago.
9.Allthepassengers_______(have)tobuyticketsinthepast.
10.They_______(make)itjustnow.
11.Look!
Yourbrother_______(lie)onthebeach.
12.Thetemperature_______(be)twenty-fourdegreestoday.
13.ZhangHaisometimes_______(play)tabletennisafterschool.
14.---Whatarethestudentsdoing?
---They________(swim).
15.LiMing_________(live)inChangzhi,Shanxi.
16.Don'tgoout!
It_________(rain)now.
17.Tom________(read)abooknow.
18.Listen!
Thestudents_________(sing)anEnglishsong.
19.Eddie_______(come)toschoolbybicycle.
20.HowdoesLily__________(go)totheswimmingpool?
21.Helikessingingbuthe____________(notlike)dancing.
22.GrandmaLiwithherdaughters________(live)inavillage.
23.Whattime_____yoursister______(leave)homeeverymorning?
24.There_______(be)anewshopandtwobookshopsinthestreet.
25.There_____(be)ashopandtwobookshopsaroundherein2000.
26.There_______(be)ashopandtwomarketsinourtownnextyear.
27.I________(be)twentycentimeterstallerin5years.
28.Lucy_________(have)longhairinthefuture.
29.You__________(notneed)towearuniformstomorrow.
30.Theyaregoingto______(have)apicnicthisSunday.
31.They____(put)theirmoneyinafair-boxwhengettingonthebus.
32.----WhereisJim?
----He________(practise)English.
33.______he______(eat)anybreadforbreakfastyesterday?
34.---____yourfather_____(work)inapostoffice?
---Yes,hedoes.
35.Hismothercamebackand________(take)offhercoat.
36.Who_______(speak)Englishbestinyourclass?
37.Theworkersare________(burn)rubbishthere.
38.Sheis_______(wear)anewskirttoday.
39.Myrulerandscissors________(notbe)onmydesk.
40.I________(be)twentycentimeterstallerin5years.
三、单项选择:
1.“TheWorldWithoutThieves”isaverymovingfilm.I_____ittwicealready.
AwillseeBseeCsawDhaveseen
2.--MayIspeaktoMr.Smith?
--Sorry,he_____Australia.Buthe_____intwodays
Ahasbeento;willcomeback
Bhasgoneto;willbeback
CHasbeenin;wouldback
Disleavingfor;doesn’tcomeback
3.--Howoften_____yourschoolsportsmeeting_____?
--Onceayear.
Adoes;holdBwas;holdCis;heldDdid;hold
4.--Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?
--I_____yet.
Ahaven’tdecidedBwon’tdecide
ChavedecidedDdidn’tdecide
5.Inthelastsixweeks,Jerry_____fourbooks.
AreadsBhasreadCread
6.--Haveyouhadyourdiner_____?
--Yes,Ihave_____hadit.
Aalready;yetBalready;alreadyCyet;already
非谓语短语归纳:
1.usesth.todosth.
2.usesth.fordoingsth.
3.beusedtodosth.
4.beusedfordoingsth.
5.startdoingsth.
6.starttodosth.
7.trytodosth.
8.trydoingsth.
9.like(love)todosth.
10.like(love)doingsth.
11.happentodosth.
12.seesb.doingsth.
13.seesb.dosth.
14.havetodosth.
15.forgetdoingsth.
16.forgettodosth.
17.rememberdoingsth.
18.remembertodosth.
19.stopdoingsth.
20.stoptodosth.
21.stopsb.(from)doingsth.
22.preventsb.fromdoingsth.
23.protectsb.fromdoingsth.
24.wanttodosth
25.wouldliketodosth.
26.wantsb.todosth.
27.wouldlikesb.todosth.
28.helpsb.(to)dosth
29.withoutdoingsth.
30.by(not)doingsth.
31.differentwaysofdoingsth.
32.insteadofdoingsth.
33.begoodatdoingsth.
34.thinkaboutdoingsth.
35.finishdoingsth.
36.enjoydoingsth.
37.practicedoingsth.
38.tellsb.todosth.
39.asksb.todosth.
40.letsb.dosth.
41.makesb.dosth.
42.hadbetterdosth.
43.hadbetternotdosth.
44.Whynotdosth.
45.Whydon’tyoudosth?
46.Whataboutdoingsth?
=Howaboutdoingsth?
47.Ittakessb.s.t.todosth.
48.Itis+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.
49.Don’tdosth.(祈使句)
50.can/must/may/shoulddosth.(0
二、非谓语专练
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1.Whatabout____(have)apicnictomorrow?
2.Let’s____(discuss)thisproblematthemoment.
3.Wouldyoulike____(join)achessclub?
4.You’dbetter____(noteat)somuchjunkfood.
5.Ittakeshimhalfanhour_____(go)toworkbybus.
6.Whatmakesyou_____(think)I’mafarmer?
7.Canyouhelpus_____(bring)somewater?
8.Notmanychildrenlike_______(stay)athomeonSundays.
9.Hestarted_______(play)basketballwhenhewasseven.
10.Letme_______(know)yournames.
11.Inthepast,manypeopleliked_______(travel)bybus.
12.Wemust_______(get)therebeforenineo'clock.
13.Tommymust_____(finish)hishomeworkbeforegoingoutside.
14.Doyouwant_______(play)tenniswithmeonSaturday
morning?
15.Itusuallytakesme20minutes_______(read)Englishinthe
Morning.
15.Farmersusewater_______(grow)vegetables.
16.Marycan_______(jump).
17.Danny,don't_______(make)anynoisehere.
18.Let's_______(cook)somefoodforhernow.
19.Don't_______(play)footballinthestreet.
20.Youcan't_________(watch)televisiononweekdays.
21.I'dlike__________(have)abottleofjuice.
22.Heoftenhelpsme________(clean)theroom.
23.Shewants_______(use)theMagicCamera.
24.LiMingisgoodat______(run),butheispoorat_______
(decorate)Christmastrees.
25.LeiFengloved_______(help)people.
26.Childrenlike_______(fly)kitesonwindydays.
27.Ioftenseechildren_________(play)volleyballintheplayground.
28.Heenjoys________(swim)inthesea.
29.Itwilltakehimthreehours_____(practise)____(play)thepiano.
30.________(travel)byplaneisverycomfortable.
31.Letmeshowyouhow________(make)amodelcar.
32.----Whatdoweusetheglueandtapefor?
----________(stick)thingstogether.
33.Shehadto_______(finish)hishomeworkfirst.
34.Theycanseeplentyofbutterflies_______(fly)inthegarden.
35.Iseehim_______(dance)underthetreesatthemoment.
36.Weuseknivesfor______(cut)things.
37.Kitty,________(notrun)intheclassroom.
38.Weusemostofthelandfor______(farm)and______(build)cities.
39.CanyouhelpJohn______(finish)hishomework?
40.Wecansavewaterby______(take)ashowerratherthanabath.
三、单项选择:
1.Mymotheroftenasksme_____footballontheplaygroundafterschool.
AplayingBtoplayCplay
2.Thefunnystorymakesus_____alot.
AlaughingBtolaughClaugh
3.--Mike!
Whatareyoudoingthere?
--Listen,Mum!
Canyouhearsomebody_____upstairs?
AgoingBgoesCgoDtogo
4.Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme_____?
Ahowswim;whattodo
Bhowtoswim;whattodo
Chowtodo;whattoswim
5.Wemustdosomethingtostoppeoplefrom_____.
AtothrowlitteraboutBtothrowlitterinto
CthrowinglitteraboutDthrowlitterinto
6.Myparentsoftentellme_____toomuchjunkfood.It’sbadformyhealth.
AnottoeatBdon’teatCnoteat
7.--DidyouhaveanyproblemsinLondon?
--Yes,_____Chinesefoodlik