高三英语上学期期末考试试题7.docx
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高三英语上学期期末考试试题7
2016—2017学年度高三级第一学期期末试题(卷)
英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
共150分。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共20小题:
每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents,butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageoflife.
Itsformal,seriousstylecloselymatchesitscontent,aschool-masterlybookonschooling.Theauthor,W.H.Armstrong,startswiththebasics:
readingandwriting.Inhisopinion,readingdoesn’tjustmeanrecognizingeachwordonthepage;itmeanstakingintheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneselfjustasonedigestsasandwichandmakesitapartofhim
.Thegoalistobringtheinformationbacktolife,notjusttotreatitasdeadfactsonpaperfromdeadtrees.Readingandwritingcannotbecompletelyseparatedfromeachother;infact,theaimofreadingistoexpresstheinformationyouhavegotfromthetext.I’veseenitagainandagain:
Someonewhocan’texpressanideaafterreadingatextisjustasineffectiveassomeonewhohasn’treaditatall.
Onlyathirdofthebookremainsafterthatdiscussion,whichArmstrongdevotestospecifictipsforstudyinglanguages,math,scienceandhistory.Hegenerallyhandlesthesetopicsthoroughlyandequally,exceptforsomeweaknessinthescienceandmathsectionsandabittoomuchpassion)regardinghistorytohisstudents,thatwasahundredtimesmorethanmyhistoryteachersevergotacross.Tomydisappointment,inthispartofthebookheignoresthearts.Asamatteroffact,theydemandalltheconcentrationandstudythatmathandsciencedo,thought
hestudydiffersslightlyinkind.Althoughit’scommonlybelievedthattheartscanonlybenaturallyacquired,actually,learningtheartsisnomorenaturalthanlearningFrenchormathematics.
Myothercommentisthatthetextaged.Thefirsteditionapparentlydatestothe1960s—noneofthereferences(参考文献)seemnewerthanthelate1950s.Asaresult,thediscussionmissestheentirecomputerage.
Thesearesmallpoints,though,anddon’taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoanystudentandanyt
eacher,includingtheself-taughtstudent.
1.AccordingtoArmstrong,thegoalofreadingisto________.
A.gainknowledgeandexpandone’sview
B.understandthemeaningbetweenthelines
C.expressideasbasedonwhatonehasread
D.getsinformationandkeepsitaliveinmemory
2.Theauthorofthepassageinsiststhatlearningthearts_________.
A.requiresgreateffortsB.demandsrealpassion
C.islessnaturalthanlearningmathsD.isasnaturalaslearningalanguage
3.WhatisashortcomingofArmstrong’sworkaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Someideasareslightlycontradictory.
B.Thereistoomuchdiscussiononstudyingscience.
C.Thestyleistooserious.
D.Itlacksnewinformation.
4.Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas________.
A.anadvertisementB.abookreview
C.afeaturestoryD.anewsreport
5.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowardsthebook________
A.positiveB.neutralC.negativeD.objective
B
CityCollegeUnionIncSecretary/Typist
TheUnionisastudent-runorganizationwithapermanentstaffof20.Typingspeed:
atleast60wpm.
Theabilitytotakeshorthanddictationandaworkingknowledgeoffillingproceduresareessentialrequirements.
The
basicsalaryforthepositionis$18,500peryear.
EnquirestoR.Barbar387-5075.
EmuAirlineSecretary
EmuAirlineisnowofferingapart-timepositionforasecretary.
Thepositionoffersatleast20hours’workaweek,withaviewtofull-timeworkinthefuture.Monthlysalaryisabout$1,400.
Phone899-3264foranappointment.
WordProcessorOperator(full-time)
Weneedanoperatortoworkinanofficeassociatedwiththebuildingindustry.Onlyexperiencedoperatorsareexpectedtoapply.
Startingsalary:
$17,950yearly.
Applyinwritingto:
ThePersonnelOfficerHillMorganPtyLtd38GreenHillRd.Kensington2033.
SewingMachinistWantedJeansIndustry
Weareanexpandingclothingcompanylocatedsouthofthecity.Ourproductsincludejeans,skirts,shortsandsoon.Wearelookingforsewingmachineoperators.
Thefactoryworksa38-hourweekover4-5days.Wagesforthisare$18,050peryear.Wagesandconditionsareinlinewiththecurrentindustrialaward.
Ifyouareinterested,comeoverandpickupanapplicationformfrom
RipperJeans,23NorthAve,Beaudesert.
6.Whatdothesefouradvertisementshaveincommon?
A.Theircompaniesareintroducedindetail.
B.Theyallwantpeopleintheproperposition.
C.Eachofthemiscommentedbytheirmanager.
D.Theyarelocatedinthesouthofthesamecity.
7.TheapplicantsforthepostofasecretaryinCityCollegeUnionIncshouldhavethefollowingqualitiesexcept .
A.abilityoforganizationB.knowledgeaboutfillingtheform
C.typingskillD.writingrapidly
8.TheattractivenessofthepostinEmuAirlineis .
A.itspromisingfutureB.itsfreeflying
C.itsgoodsalaryD.itsniceworkingconditions
9.Ifyouwanttobeasewingmachineoperator,youmaycontactthiscompanyby .
A.EmailB.faxC.phoneD.visit
C
Envyseemstobebad,butitdoesn'thavetobe.Researchersarefindingthat,ifapproachedtherightway,therecanactuallybeanadvantage.
Psychologistsclassifyenvyintwoways:
negativeandpositive.Withpositiveenvy,youaremotivatedbyanotherperson'ssuccessandstruggletofollowit.Withnegativeenvy,youwanttocuttheadvantagedpersondownsoyoulookbetterbycomparison.Let'ssayyoufeelsufferingsofenvyafteryourrival(对手)atanotherfirmgetspromoted.Negativeenvymightdriveyoutodestroyhissuccess,butpositiveenvywouldinspireyoutoworkharderandgetpromoted,too.
Studiesshowpositiveenvycanbeagreatmotivator(动力).Ina2011studypublishedinthePersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersintheNetherlandsconductedaseriesofexperimentswithmorethan200universitystudents.Researchersfoundthatwhentheycausedfeelingsofpositiveenvy----asopposedtoadmirationornegativeenvy----inthestudents,itdrovethemtowanttostudymoreandperformbetteronatestmeasuringcreativityandintelligence.Whileadmirationmayfeelbetter,theresearchersfound,itdoesn'tmotivateperformancelikethepainandfrustrationofenvy.
“Thosepainfulsufferingsofenvyarethereforanevolutionary(进化的)reason,”saysTexasChristianUniversityresearcherSarahE.Hill,“warningusthatsomeonehassomethingofimportancetous.”Buildingonthistheory,Dr.Hillandothersconductedaseriesofexperiments,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,totestwhetherenvyimprovesattentionandmemory----thetoolsneededtocopyarival'sstepstosuccess.Inoneexperiment,halfoftheparticipantswereaskedtorecallpastfeelingsofenvy;theotherhalfweren't.Thetwogroupswerethenshownmock(模拟的)interviewsofimaginarypeers.Thegroupfilledwithenvypaidcloserattentionandbetterrecalleddetailsabouttheinterviewsubjects.Inotherwords,envymadethemmoreastute(机敏的).Notonlycanenvymotivateustoreachforhighergoals,itmayevengiveusthecognitivepushtogetthere.
10.What’sthebadeffectofnegativeenvy?
A.Itmakesyouloseheartandgetsdiscouraged.
B.Ithasyoufeelmotivated.
C.Itmakesyouharmorhurtothersonpurpose.
D.Itremindsyoutostruggletofollowyourdreams.
11.What’sthebenefitofpositiveenvy?
A.Itinspiresyoutofindapossiblerivaltotrytodefeatthem.
B.Itencouragesyoutoworkharderwithapositiveattitude.
C.Itwon’thurtyouropponentsinthesamefirm.
D.Itwon’tdestroyyoursuccessatanotherfirm.
12.Comparedtoadmiration,positiveenvycan__________.
A.makeyoufeelworseinallsides
B.bemorelikelytogetyoutoadmireothers
C.makeyoufeelthepaininyourperformance
D.bemorelikelytogetyouinspiredtogetsuccess
13.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Envyseemstobebad.B.Keepyourenvyinsecret.
C.Makefulluseofpositiveenvy.D.Forgetaboutyourenvynow.
D
Tulou,thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.
Inthefourthcentury,HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth,graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(紧凑的)communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.
Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhighmountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstorieshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡垒).Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns(谷仓),androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes,theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.
Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay,sand,limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(粘合剂).Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches,whichareextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedtostrengthenthem,andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.
Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemresistthe