完整版高中状语从句导学案024013.docx
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完整版高中状语从句导学案024013
状语从句
思维导图
易考易错点总结
状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状
语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
对状语从句的考查主要集中在连接词上,尤其要重
视as,until,before,since,when,incase等连词的各种语义功能和语法功能。
具体来说主要包括:
1考查状语从句的连接词。
要掌握各个连词的含义及其用法,还有它们之间的区别。
如:
时间状语的连词有while,when,as,assoonasuntil,not…until,before,after,since等;条件状语从句的连词有if,uniess,incase,onconditionthat,provided(that),supposing,suppose(that)等;结果状语从句的连词有so…that(如此以至于),such…that(如此以
至于)等。
2•考查固定搭配和习惯用法的连接词。
女口:
nosooner…than…,hardly…when…,scarcely…before…,themoment/minute,directly。
3.考查不同性质的连词在不同的语境中所表达的不同意义。
女口:
as既能引导时间状语从句,又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句;where能引导
地点状语从句和定语从句等。
4.考查状语从句的时态。
主要考查在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来及用一般过去时代替过去
将来时的用法。
5.考查状语从句的省略。
在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中,常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词
it以及be动词,保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分。
如果从句中有“itis
+形容词”结构,也可以省略itis。
6.考查状语从句、宾语从句、简单句和并列句的句式结构。
女口:
when引导时间状语从句意为“当……的时候”,引导宾语从句意为“什么时候”;
if引导条件状语从句意为“如果”,引导宾语从句意为“是否”等。
一•状语含义:
修饰—词、词、词或,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分•
二.状语从句:
在主从复合句中做状语的从句。
结构为:
句子+引导词作状语。
如:
HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.
三•状语从句分类:
时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句
状语从句名称
常用连词
时间
When,while,as,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,scarcely...wl
since(自从),once,whenever,before,after,till,until,themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,),bythetime,everytime,eachtime,aslongas(=solongas)
地点
Where,wherever
条件
If,uniess,once一旦…就),incase(that)(万一),solongas(aslongas),onconditionthat,asfaras(sofaras)
原因
Because,since既然),nowthat,as,,seeingthat看至U),consideringthat(考
虑到……)
结果
Such(a,an)…that,so…that,so,sothat,that…
目的
Sothatinorderthat,forfearthat,incase(以防,以免)
让步
Though,although,as,everif=eventhough,whatever,whenever,wherever,however,whichever,whoever,whomever,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhownomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhom,whetherornot=whether…不管卅•与否)
比较
As…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than
方式
As,justas,asif=asthough
练习题
1.WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Ifoundmanybeatifulbuildings()
2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()
3.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,le'sbeginourmeeting.()
4.1'llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()
5.Socleverwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()
6.Aslongasyoudontloseheart,youllsucceed.()
7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()
8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.()
9.HeistallerthanIam.(
一.时间状语从句
时间状语从句常用1)When,while,as,2)assoonas,hardly…when/before,nosooner…than,scarcely...when,whenever3since(自从),onee,,before,after,till,until,
4)themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,theday,theyear,)bythetime,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,anytime.thefirsttime,thesecondtime5)immediately,instantly,directly),等词来引导。
例如:
ItwasraininghardIgottoschoolyesterday.
hewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.
hewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.
HehadlearnedalittleChinesehecametoChina.
hefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.
HewasillIsawhim.
Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewshecried.
1.连接词when的用法小结
1)when可用来引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”从句的谓语动词可以
是,也可以是的。
如:
thefilmended,theywentback.
Ilivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.
2).When常用于下列句式:
意为“就在那时”。
如:
wasdoingsomething…when
wasabouttodo…when
wasonthepointofdoingsth...when…
haddone…when
3)when可以表“既然”,如:
HowcanIhelpthemtounderstandtheywo'ntlistentome?
练习题-填空
1..Wewereswimminginthelakesuddenlythestormstarted.
2.Hewasabouttotellmethesecretsomeonepattedhimontheshoulder.
3.Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegardenitwasthebesttimeforit.
4.-DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?
-Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto'clockhearrivedhome.
5.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealafamiliarvoicecametohisears.
2.连接词while的用法小结
1.while可用来引导时间状语,意为“引导的动作必须是—,如:
Pleasedon'ttalksoloudothersareworking.
2.while作为并列连词,意为“”,表示对比。
JanewasdressedinbrownMarywasdressedinblue.
3.while也可用来引导让步状语,意为“”;相当于—
Iadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon'tagreethattheycan'tbesolved.
4趁…的情况赶紧做,否则来不及了
Striketheironishot.
练习
I.ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,thequalityof
lifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.
A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while
2.Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.
A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless
3.itistruethatastudenfsmostimportantgoalistodowellinhisorher
studies,itdoesntneedtobetheonlygoal.
AwhenBAsCWhileDBefore
4.Marymadecoffeeherguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.全国)
A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif
3.as用法小结
1.引导时间状语从句:
强调同时发生或紧接着发生,动作无先后。
①当……时候②一边……一边……③随着
2.引导原因状语从句:
3.引导方式状语从句:
4.引导让步状语从句:
必须用
5.引导比较状语从句:
as…as…
6.引导定语从句:
7.介词:
练习题一一猜测词义,as用法小结
1.AsIleftthehouse,Iforgotthekey.
2.AsIgetolder,Igetmoreoptimistic.
3.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.
4.Astheweatherissobad,wehavetostayhome.
5.Youcandoitasyoulike.
6.Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic.
7.HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyasanativespeaker.
4.比较while,when,as
类别
作用
例句
as
as表示当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情冋时或几乎同时发生。
ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)
Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)
when
(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表
示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(扌旨时间点)
Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)
while
while意思是当的时候或在
某一段时间里”。
主句中的动作或事
Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.
情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。
在when表示a
periodoftime时,两者可以互换。
Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是
趁……”)
注意事项:
a.as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。
例如:
Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptom我一杀V车,有一个人向我走来。
b.当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when引导这个从句,不可
用as或while。
例如:
Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.
c.从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as,不用when或while。
例如:
Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。
练习题-用while,when,as填空:
1Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore.
2Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch.
3hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.
4Howcanhegetgoodgradeshewon'tstudy?
(他不好好学习却能得高分,他是
怎么做到的?
When表示虽然)
5IwaswanderingthroughthestreetIcaughtsightofatailor'sshop.
6thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.
对比练习1.Wewereabouttoleaveitbegantorain.
2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.
3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycompositionthebellrang.
A.whenB.whileC.asD.during
5.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:
till,until和not…until
1..until/till从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动作,意为"”。
如:
Wewaited
until/tillhecame.
2.用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,意为"”。
如:
Hewon'tgoto
beduntilherfatherreturns.
3.till不可以置于句首,而until可以。
如:
UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.
4.not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法:
ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.
NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.
练习题
1.—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?
—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthetopstudentsin
hisgrade.
A.afterB.uniessC.untilD.when
2.(03上海)Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners'curiosityhe
reachestheendofthestory.
A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until
3.ItwasnotshetookoffherdarkglassesIrealizedshewasafamous
filmstar.
A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then
6.连接词before的小结
说出before含义
1.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.
2.Wehadn'trunamilebeforehefelttired.
3.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.
4.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.
before的有关句型
1)Itwillbe/+段时间+before…“还要过多久才”
Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.
2)Itwas+时间段+before从句(动作已发生)
Itwasthreeweeksbeforehecameback
3)Itwillnotbelongbefore…“不多久就会”
Itwon'tbelongbeforeshecomesback
4)ItwasnotIongbefore…“不多久就了”
如:
Itwasn'tlongbeforeheleftthecountry.
5)Itis+时间+sinee••如:
Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.
Itisthreeyearssineeshejoinedthearmy.
7.sinee的用法
1).IhavereturnedhomefourtimessineeIeamehere.
2).Shehasbeenworkingheresineeheleftsehool.
3).Ihaveseenhertwieesineehelivedhere.
4).Itisthreeyearssineethewarbrokeout.
5).ItwasyearssineeIhadseenher.
译:
总结:
Itis+sometime+sinee+did.
Itwas+sometime+sinee+haddone.
练习题
1.Hemadeamistake,butthenheeorreetedthesituationitgotworse.
A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as
2.Seientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyearsitispossibletotestthismedieine
onhumanpatients.
A.sineeB.afterC.beforeD.when
3.-Whydidn'tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?
-HerushedoutoftheroomIeouldsayaword.
A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after
4.Itisalmostfiveyearswesaweachotherlasttime.
A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.Because对比练习
1.Itwillbeyearswemeetagain.
2.ItistenyearsIcametothistown.
3.ItistenyearsagoIcametothistown.
A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since
8.hardly/scarcely…Whefore,nosooner…than,assoon表示一
就”,once(—旦).如果hardly或nosooner或scarcely置于句首,句子必
须倒装。
Hardly/scarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihavefinishedit,I'llgiveyouacall.y