广州市高三毕业班综合测试二英语广州二模英语卷.docx
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广州市高三毕业班综合测试二英语广州二模英语卷
2018年广州市高三毕业班综合测试
(二)英语(2018广州二模英语卷)
C.AmongsomeflowersDOnthesidewalk
25.Inparagraph2,whywasAmy’svoiceshaking?
A.Shewasafraidthattheywouldbeseenbyothers
B.Shewasdisappointedtherewasn'tamilliondollars
C.ShewasfearfulthatCharliewouldtellsomeoneelse
D.Shefeltnervousbecauseshe'dneverseensomuchmoney
26.OntheirwaytoAmy’shouse,thechildren'smoodchangedfrom
AexcitedtosuspiciousB.happytoangry
CrelievedtoworriedD.nervoustodisappointed
27.Whatdidthechildrendecidetodoattheendofthestory?
A.Tokeepthemoneyasecretfromothers
B.Toreturnthewallettoitsrightfulowner
C.Toputthewalletbackwheretheyfoundit.
D.Tobuymanydifferentthingswiththemoney.
C
AnarticlepublishedintheprestigiousscientificjournalNatureshedsnewlightonanimportant,butup-to-nowlittleappreciated,aspectofhumanevolution.InthisarticleProfessorsDennisBrambleandDanielLiebermansuggestthatbeingabletorunwasthenecessaryconditionforthedevelopmentofourspecieswhichenabledustocomedownfromthetrees.Thischallengestraditionalscientificthinking,whichclaimsthatthedistinctive,uprightbodyformofmodernhumanshascomeaboutasaresultoftheabilitytowalk,andthatrunningissimplyaby-productofwalking.Furthermore,humanshaveusuallybeenregardedaspoorrunnerscomparedtosuchanimalsasdogs,horsesordeer.However,thisisonlytrueifweconsiderrunningathighspeed,especiallyovershortdistances.Butwhenitcomestolong-distancerunning,humansdoastonishinglywell.Theycankeepasteadypaceformanykilometres,andtheiroverallspeedisatleastthesameasthatofhorsesordogs
BrambleandLiebermanexamined26physicalfeaturesfoundinhumans.Oneofthemostinterestingoftheseisthenuchalligament(项韧带).Whenwerun,thisligamentpreventsourheadfrommovingbackandforthorfromsidetoside.Therefore,weareabletorunwithsteadyheads,heldhigh.Thenuchalligamentisnotfoundinanyothersurvivingprimates,suchasapesandmonkeys.ThenthereareourAchillestendons(跟腱)atthebacksofourlegs,whichconnectourcalfmusclestoourheelbones—andwhichhavenothingtodowithwalking.Whenwerun,thesetendonsbehavelikesprings,helpingtopushusforward.Furthermore,wehavelow,wideshouldersvirtuallydisconnectedfromourskulls(颅骨),aphysicaldevelopmentwhichallowsustorunmoreefficiently.
Butwhatevolutionaryadvantageisgainedfrombeinggoodlong-distancerunners?
Perhapsitpermittedearlyhumanstoobtainfoodmoreeffectively."Whatthesefeaturesandfactsappeartobetellingusisthatrunningevolvedinorderforourdirectancestorstocompetewithothermeat-eatinganimalsforaccesstotheproteinneededtogrowthebigbrainsthatweenjoytoday,"saysLieberman.Somescientistsputforwardthetheorythatearlyhumanschasedanimalsforgreatdistancesinordertoexhaustthembeforekillingthem.
"Researchonthehistoryofhumans'abilitytomovehastraditionallybeencontroversial,"saysLieberman."Attheveryleast,Ibelievethistheorywillmotivatemanyresearcherstoreevaluateandfurtherinvestigatehowhumanslearnedtorunandwalkandwhywearebuiltthewayweare."
28.Inparagraph1,whatdothetwoprofessorssuggestabouthumans'abilitytorun?
A.Itisanevolutionaryby-productofwalking.
B.Ithelpstoformpeople'sabilitytoclimbtrees.
C.Ithasplayedanimportantroleinhumanevolution.
D.Ithasnotbeenadequatelystudiedbyscientistsbefore.
29.Whatistrueaboutthephysicalcharacteristicsexaminedbytheprofessors?
A.Achillestendonsassistpeopletowalklongdistances.
B.Thehumanskullhelpspeopletorunmoreefficiently.
C.people'sshouldersallowthemtolookfromsidetoside.
D.Thenuchalligamentenablespeopletoholdtheirheadsteady.
30.Accordingtoparagraph3,scientistsbelievethatearlyhumans_________.
A.alwayscameacrossdangeroussituationsinlife
B.ranafteranimalsforlongdistanceswhenhunting
Coftenfailedtofindfoodbecausetheycouldn'trunfast
Ddevelopedtheirhuntingskillsbyrunninglongdistances
31.ProfessorLiebermanthinksthenewtheorywill_________.
Acompletelyexplainhowrunningdeveloped
Brevolutionizethetheoryofhumanevolution
C.encouragemorein-depthstudiesonthetopic
D.bewidelysupportedwithinthescientificcommunity
D
Scientistshavesolvedthemysteryofwhytheoverwhelmingmajorityofmammothfossils(化石)aremale.
Muchlikewildelephantstoday,youngmaleIceAgemammothsprobablytravelledaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituationswheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholesthatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears,scientistssay.
Females,ontheotherhand,travelledingroupsledbyanoldermatriarchwhoknewthelandscapeanddirectedhergroupawayfromdanger.
"Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltrapssuchasmudholes,rockcracksandlakes,"saidco-authorLoveDalenoftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinareportpublishedonThursdayinthejournalCurrentBiology.
Thestudyusedgeneticdatatodeterminethesexof98woollymammothfossilsinSiberiaResearchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth
"Wewereverysurprisedbecausetherewasnoreasontoexpectasexbiasinthefossilrecord,"saidfirstauthorPatriciaPecnerova,alsooftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistory.
Therefore,researchersbelievethatsomethingaboutthewaytheylivedinfluencedthewaytheydied.
Mostbones,tusks,andteethfrommammothsandotherIceAgeanimalshaven'tsurvived,"explainedDalen
"ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering."
Thesegiant,tuskedplanteatersdisappearedabout4,000yearsago.Whilethereisnoscientificagreementaboutthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors.
32.Theunderlinedword"matriarch"inparagraph3means_______.
A.figureheadB.femaleleader
CexperiencedanimalD.maturemammoth
33.Whydothemajorityofmammothfossilscomefrommaleanimals?
A.Scientistsfinditeasiertostudymalefossilisedbones.
B.Thereweremoremalemammothsincomparisontofemales
CMalemammothswerebetterabletoadapttothechangingcircumstances.
D.Malemammothsmorefrequentlydiedinplaceswherefossilscouldform.
34.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasareasonformammothsdyingout?
A.Theincreasingcompetitionforfood.
B.Thecoolingoftheearth'stemperature.
C.Thedisappearanceofmalemammoths.
DTheriskybehaviourofyoungermammoths.
35.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?
A.Anewspaperarticle.B.Anacademicessay.
C.Ahistoricaldescription.D.Asciencefictionstory.
第二节(共5小题:
每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Marywentthroughapersonalexperience40yearsagothatchangedherlifepathandestablishedherconnectionwithChineseherbalmedicine.
Stillchildlessafter13yearsofmarriage,Marylongedtobecomeamother.Foryearsshetravelledfromcountrytocountryandvisitedtopexpertsinthefield,butwithoutsuccess._____36_____.However,herChineseherbalistgrandmothergaveherhopethroughaherbaltreatment.
Afterthreeandahalfyearsshebecamepregnant.______37_______Theexpectantmother’sdelightwassharedbytherestofherfamilytoo.Thiswasthepointwhenshemadeuphermindtocarryonhergrandmother’sworkanddevoteherlifetoherbalmedicineresearch,developmentandpromotion.Tothisend,sheinvestedinalargeherbalgardeninthesuburbsofJakarta,wheremorethan30,000plantsaregrown.______38________.
Throughtheapplicationofgreateffortandresourcesovermany,manyyears,Mary’scareerhasdevelopedvigorously,ashashergarden._____39______Whenshewasaskedwhetheriswasworthwhiletohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch,shefirmlyresponded,“WhatIhavedoneistofulfillapromiseIoncemade.Moreimportantly,IwanttobringChineseherbalmedicinetoallthoseinneed._____40_____”
A.Morethan7,000ofthesecanbeusedasmedicines.
B.Themomentthenewswasconfirmed,sheburstintotearsofhappiness.
C.Ibelieveitcanhelprelievepainandenablethesicktoregaintheirhopeoflife.
D.MarydecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.
E.Theheartbreakanddisappointmentwassogreatthatshecameclosetogivingup.
F.I’msohappythatthelocalpeopleliketouseChinesemedicinefortreatment.
G.Althoughsheisnow80yearsold,sheisstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicine
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Thewayinwhichchildrenlearnisanever-growingareaofstudy.Itis41thatchildrendifferfromadultlearnersinmanyways,butwhatisinterestingisthattherearealsoquiteanumberofunexpected42acrosslearnersofallages
Formuchofthe20thcentury,mostpsychologists43thetraditionaltheorythatanewbornsmindisa/an44sheetofpaperuponwhichtherecordofexperienceisgraduallyimpressed.Duringthattime,scientistsbelievedthatoral45wasnecessaryforabstractthought.Inits46,scientistsassumedthatababyco