英语高三英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

英语高三英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

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英语高三英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案

（英语）高三英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   WhenIwasthreeyearsold,Icouldn'tspeak.ItwasastrangerealitythatnoneofthedoctorsIvisitedcouldunderstand.

   Oneday,Iwasshadowing（跟随）mymother.Shefoundherselflookinginamirror,andthroughitoureyesmet.Shebegantospeaktomethroughthereflection,andIslowlybegantomimic（模仿）hermouth'smovementsuntilIformedaword.

   ItturnedoutI'mdeafinmyleftear,andhaveaslightprobleminmyright.Beinghardofhearinghasbeendifficult,butI'veneverlivedinastateofself-hatingsorrow.

   Imaginebeingabletoshutoutallsoundasyoulayyourheaddowntosleepbysimplyrollingoverontooneside.That'smyrealitywhenIsleeponmy"goodear",anditmakesmefeellikeasuperherosometimes.

   Peoplecallmydeafsidemy"badear",butwhenIwearmyhearingaid,Ihaveaccesstoarangeoffeaturesthatsomeotherdeafpeopledon't.Incinemas,forexample,withoneclickofabuttonIcanenjoyawholefilmasthoughitwerewhisperedtomefromthemouthsoftheactors.

   Owningahearingaidhasn'talwaysfeltgood,however.OnthefirstdayIgotmyaid,whenIwaseight,Itookittoschoolforshow-and-tell.AsIexplainedhowitworkedtomyclassmates,aboyyelledout,"Aren'tthoseforoldmen?

"Atthatmoment,Ifeltdifferent.Ittookmealongtimetogetoverthatsenseofbeingsounlikemypeers.

   Butit'snotjustschoolkidswhocanmakeusdeafandhard-of-hearingpeoplefeellikeburdens.Everyvideoonsocialmediathatlackssubtitles（字幕）,forexample,meansanentirecommunityofdeafpeopleisunabletoenjoyit.Completelydeafpeopleareexcludedfromenjoyingmanymoviestoo,assubtitlesincinemasarealmostimpossibletofind.

   Andwithhearingaidscostingaround$2,500each,itcanbehardformanypeopletoaffordtobeabletolistentothethingsthatotherstakeforgranted.Asforme,Icanlistentomusic,enjoyfilms,andcatchconversations–I'mlucky.I'mdeaf,butIcanstillheareverything.I'vebeenblessedwithwonderfullifeexperiences,andIamhuman.Andwhenitcomestosleeping,I'mevensuperhuman.

（1）Howdoestheauthorviewhishearingdifficulty?

A.It'sadisasterandcauseshimalotoftrouble.

B.Itgavehimachancetoexperiencesomethingspecial.

C.Itmadehimfeelembarrassedinfrontofhisclassmates.

D.Ithelpedhimtoliveinhisownworldwithoutbeinginterrupted.

（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheauthor?

A.Hewasborndeaf.

B.Heisoptimisticandhelpful.

C.Thehearingaidbringsconveniencetohisdailylife.

D.Hisfamilyandclassmateshavesupportedhimalot.

（3）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhislife？

A.Excited.

B.Anxious.

C.Grateful.

D.Disappointed.

（4）Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?

A.Togiveadviceonlifetodisabledpeople.

B.Toshowhowdifficultlifeisfordisabledpeople.

C.Toshowtheconvenienceahearingaidcouldbring.

D.Tosharehisexperienceoftreatingadisadvantagewithgratitude.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者天生有听力障碍，但是他却乐观地对待自己的缺陷，想办法让自己的生活充满了快乐。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据作者对自己日常生活的 描述，可知作者的听力障碍让他有机会经历了一些特殊的事情，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Andwithhearingaidscostingaround$2,500each,itcanbehardformanypeopletoaffordtobeabletolistentothethingsthatotherstakeforgranted.Asforme,Icanlistentomusic,enjoyfilms,andcatchconversations–I'mlucky.”对我来说，我可以听音乐，欣赏电影，捕捉对话——我很幸运。

可知助听器给他的日常生活带来了方便，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“I'vebeenblessedwithwonderfullifeexperiences,andIamhuman.”可知作者对生活充满感激，故选C。

（4）考查写作意图。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者天生有听力障碍，但是他却乐观地对待自己的缺陷，想办法让自己的生活充满了快乐，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是以感激的心情分享他对待劣势的经验，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Manyscientiststodayareconvincedthatlifeexistselsewhereintheuniverse---lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.

   Asfarasastronomerscandetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexist.

   Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminates（除去）allthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.

   Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareupsuddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldqualify.

   Finally,lifecouldevolve（进化）onlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun.Withaweakersunthanourown,theplanetwouldhavetobeclosertoit.Withastrongersun,itwouldhavetobefartheraway.

   Ifwesupposethateverystarintheuniversehasafamilyofplanets,thenhowmanyplanetsmightsupportlife?

First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Nexteliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.Itmaynothavebegunyet,oritmayhavealreadydiedout.

   Thisprocessofeliminationseemstoleaveveryfewplanetsonwhichearthlikelifemightbefound.However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.

（1）TheexistenceoflifedependsonallofthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT          .

A.therightamountofatmosphere

B.ourownsolarsystem

C.steadyheatandlight

D.therightdistancefromthesun

（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.Theplanetmustbeasbigandheavyastheearth.

B.Properconditionsareessentialtotheexistenceoflife.

C.Doublestarscanprovidesteadylightandheat.

D.Thedistancebetweenaplanetanditssunshouldberight.

（3）WhatkindofplanetmightNOTsupportlife?

A.Mostoftheplanetsofthestars.

B.Starssimilartooursun.

C.Planetssimilartotheearth.

D.Planetswithproperconditions.

（4）Attheendofthepassagetheauthorsuggeststhat          .

A.itisimpossibleforlifetoexistonplanets

B.earthlikelifecouldonlyexistonafewplanets

C.lifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion

D.lifecouldexistonagreatnumberofplanets

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，整个宇宙都是由同一种物质构成的，物质在宇宙的每一部分都遵循同样的规律。

因此，我们有理由猜测，其他恒星，以及它们自己的行星，都是以与我们太阳系相同的方式诞生的。

我们对地球上生命的了解表明，只要存在适当的条件，生命就会出现。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere”；第四段中“Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.”以及第五段中“Finally,lifecouldevolve（进化）onlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun”可知，生命的进化需要适当数量和种类的大气、稳定的光和热供应以及行星与太阳的距离恰到好处。

文章中没有提到生命的进化需要太阳系。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareupsuddenly.”可知，生命也需要稳定的光和热供应。

这就排除了双星，或突然爆发的恒星。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Nexteliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.”可知，大部分行星都不能维持生命，因为他们要么离太阳太近，要么离太阳太远，要么与地球大小和重量不一样，而且适当的条件也并不一定意味着生命确实。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.”可知，然而，即使生命可能只存在于百万分之一的行星上，但仍有数十亿的行星可能存在生命。

可知，生命可能在许多星球存在。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   China'scancerresearcherZhuChen,togetherwithtwoFrenchresearchersAnneDejeanandHuguesdeThé,receivedSjobergPrize2018inStockholmConcertHall,SwedenonFriday.

   “WeusedwisdomfrombothChineseandWesternmedicineandofferedacuretooneofthemostdeadlycancers,”ChentoldXinhua,“IfeelthatChinesemedicinehaspotentialtocontributemoretohumanhealth.Itstrugglesforbenefitingallmankind.It'salanguageofpeace,andofdevelopmentandprogress.”ChenrecalledthecooperationwiththetwoFrenchresearchersforover30years.

   Thisyear'sSjobergwinnershavedevelopedanewandtargetedtreatmentforaspecificformofbloodcancercalledacutepromyelocyticleukaemia（急性早幼粒白血病）.Itwasonceoneofthedeadliestformsofcancer,butitisnowpossibletocurenineoutoftenpatientswhoreceivethenewtreatment.Thewinnershavemadethisrevolutionarydevelopmentpossiblebymethodicallymappingthemolecularmechanismsresponsibleforthedisease.

   ThePrizeisawardedbytheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesandisfunded（资助）bytheSjobergFoundation.Thefoundation,withadonationof2.5billionUSdollars,wasfoundedin2016,andservestopromotescientificresearchthatfocusesoncancer,healthandtheenvironment.

   ThePrizeisanannualinternationalprizeincancerresearchawardedtoindividualresearchersorresearchgroups.TheprizeamountstoonemillionUSdollars,ofwhich100,000USdollarsistheprizesumand900,000USdollarsisfundingforfutureresearch.

（1）ZhuChenwasawardedSjobergPrizeforthe         .

A. researchintoalanguage