高考英语语法复习专题状语从句.docx

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高考英语语法复习专题状语从句

高考英语语法复习专题

------状语从句

一、考点聚焦

1、时间状语从句

(1)as、when、while用法一览表。

类别

作用

例句

as

as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。

ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)

Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)

when

(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。

Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)

Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)

while

while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。

主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。

在when表示aperiodoftime时,两者可以互换。

Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.

Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”)

(2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:

①till,not…until…,until,before,since

Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.

Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.

ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.

②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonasonce

表示“一……就”

AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyuacall.

Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.

Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenit

begantorain.

Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.

③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…一……就

Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.

④eachtime,everytime,bythetime

Eachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.

注意:

表示未来情况,主句用将来时,从句用现在时。

2、让步状语从句

(1)although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。

Althoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.

(2)evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,“纵然”,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。

I’llgetthereevenif(though)Ihavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.

(3)nomatter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。

Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.

Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.

Nomatterhowhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoitwell.

(4)as也可以引导让步状语从句。

要用倒装。

Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.

MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.

Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.

3、原因状语从句:

because,for,as,since,nowthat

(1)表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道,因此because从句是全句最重要的部分,通常它被置于主句之后。

YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?

I’mleavingbecauseI’mfull.

for虽然表示不知道的原因,但其语气较because要弱得多,是可说可不说的话,它只能置于主句之后,这时,for是并列连词。

如果不是因果关系,而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时,只能用for。

如:

It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.(很显然,鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。

(2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,因此它是句中不很重要的部分。

since要比as正式一些,它们通常被置于语句之前,但有时却相反。

Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”

(3)下列情况下只能使用because:

①在回答why的问句时;

②在用于强调句型时;

③被not所否定时。

4、地点状语从句:

where,wherever

Makeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.

WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.

5、目的状语从句:

that,sothat,inorderthat

注意:

目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用,否则可能是结果状语从句。

不可置于句首。

6、结果状语从句:

that,sothat,so…that,such…that…

注意:

so+形容词/副词+that从句;such+ 名词+that从句。

7、方式状语从句:

as,asif(though)

I’lldoasIamtoldto.

Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.

8、比较状语从句:

than,as

9、条件状语从句:

if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,afaras,onconditionthat.

注意if与unless的区别:

不能用and连接两个unless从句,即不能有…unless…,andunless…。

但if…notandif…not却不受此限。

Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandunlessyouexercisemore.(×)

但可以说…unlessyoueatlessandexercisemore.

10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象

(1)连接词+过去分词

Don’tspeakuntilspokento.

Pressurecanbeincrasedwhenneeded.

Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.

(2)连词+ 现在分词

Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.

(3)连词+形容词/其他

常见的有itnecessary、ifpossible、whennecessary、ifany等。

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsome____________.

(NMET2000)

A.aslastB.incaseC.onceagainD.intime

解析:

答案为B。

句意为“带些钱以防万一”,只能选择incase。

引导的条件状语从句,后面省略了Ishouldneedit。

2.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsname_________itdoesn’tincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.(NMET2000)

A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough

解析:

答案为C。

本题考查状语从句的用法。

句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话,那它就名不副实”。

aslongas语气过于强烈,while和eventhough不符合句意。

3、Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_________Icouldanswerthephone.(NMET2000)

A.asB.sinceC.beforeD.until

解析:

答案为C。

题意为:

半夜里有人打来电话,我没来得及就挂了。

but暗示在接话前就挂了。

4.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleepmuchworkyouhavetodo.

A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever

解析:

答案为A。

此题考查连词用法,依据结构However+形/副+主语+谓语。

故选A。

5.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenotanativespeaker.

A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan

C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan

解析:

答案为C。

此题考查Soadj./adv.As和asadj./adv.As用法,前者主要用于否定句,在这里要修饰谓语动词,故选C。

基础训练题

1.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver__________howseriousthepollutionwas.

A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized

C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize

2.—Whydoyoudrinksomuchcoffee?

—Well,_________itdoesn’tkeepmeawakeinthenights;Iseenoharminit.

A.althoughB.ifC.unlessD.while

3.Itwas__________itrainedheavilythattheydidn’tcome.

A.asB.becauseC.forD.since

4.Whynotbuyacheaperone,_____________youdon’thaveenoughmoney?

A.sinceB.becauseC.forD.though

5.Itistenyears____________Ilefthome.

A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.as

6.HespeaksEnglish_____________hespeakshismothertongue.

A.sogoodasB.asgoodasC.sowellasD.aswellas

7.Try_______hemight,hecouldn’tgetoutofdifficulty.

A.whenB.whereC.tillD.as

8.__________Isawthecomputer,Ishowedgreatinterestinit.

A.AtfirstB.ForthefirsttimeC.UntilD.Thefirsttime

9.Idon’tthinkyou’llbeabletounderstandthisformula(公式)____________youfinishschool.

A.asifB.onlywhenC.evenD.evenwhen

10.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare____________IwasstayinginBeijing.

A.untilB.duringC.whileD.throughout

11.HealwaysthinksI’mwrong,_____________Imaysay.

A.nomatterwhateverB.whateverC.whatD.that

12.__________therainhasstopped,let’scontinuetowork.

A.ForB.NowthatC.ThatD.Because

13.____________,Iamsurethattheboyishonest.

A.WhateverpeoplesayB.Nomatterpeoplesay

C.WhatpeoplesayD.Itdoesn’tmatterpeoplesay

14.IknewMr.Green_____________IknewMrs.Green.

A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.longagoD.afterlong

15.Theywaited__________itwasdarkbeforeleaving,_________theydidn’twantanyonetoseethemleave.

A.since;becauseB.until;asC.unless;forD.so;because

16.__________oftenyouring,noonewillanswer.

A.HowB.HoweverC.WhomD.Whenever

17.Iwillneverstop______________theymightlikeit.

A.nomatterhowB.howC.whatD.though

18.Fatherwas________busyinworking__________heoftenforgotrestormeals.

A.very,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.enough,as

19.Wemadeadecision__________therewouldberain,weshouldstayathome.

A.thatB.ifC.thatifD.whether

20.IusuallywatchTVintheevening____________Ihavetostudyforanexamination.

A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.themoment

强化训练题

1.hemetwiththedifficultydidherealizetheimportanceofourhelp.

A.EventhoughB.NeveruntilC.OnlybeforeD.Eversince

2.Mymotherisalwayswarningmewhenlgoout,“Don'tgetoffthebusitisstopping.”

A.untilB.beforeC.whileD.after

3.——Takeacigarette,please.

——No,thanks.It’sthreeyearsIsmoked.

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when

4.Ihaverealizedthetruthfrommylifestorythatsufferingkillsyou,itmakesyoustronger.

A.thoughB.beforeC.ifD.unless

5..----Areyousurethatheisabletodotheworkwell?

----_______hecouldgivehismindtoit.

A.IncaseB.IfonlyC.OnconditionthatD.Unless

6.Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectendangeredwildlife___itistoolate.

A.nowthatB.aslongasC.unlessD.before

7.Ifyouwanttodotheexperimentagain,you’dbetterbemorecareful____youmadeamistake.

A.whenB.whyC.whereD.incase

8.hesaidwasrighttoherandthatwaswhyshedecidedtomarryhimhappened.

A.Nomatterthat;nomatterthatB.Whatever;whichever

C.Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD.Whatever;whatever

9.—Thethreadofmykitebrokeanditflewaway.

—Itoldyouitwouldeasilybreakitwastheweakest.

A.whenB.thereC.thatD.where

10.Youcan,theskyisclear,seeasfarastheoldtempleontopofthemountain,butnottoday.

A.whenB.whereC.thoughD.because

11.---WillyougotoTom'sbirthdaypartytomorrow?

---No,_____invitedto.

A.ifB.untilC.whenD.eventhough

12.Thefamousscientistwasgoingout_____hefoundhimselfsurroundedbylotsofyoungpeople.

A.whenB.beforeC.whileD.after

13.______lifeinanewcountrycanbedifficult,itcanbroadcastaperson’sviewoftheworld.

A.If   B.As C.Because   D.While

14.Itwasfiveo’clockintheafternoon____theyarrivedatthehotel.

A.since    B.before   C.that    D.when

高考训练题

2007年高考

1.Iwon’tcallyou,________somethingunexpectedhappens.(全国卷I)

A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while

2.Weallknowthat,__________,thesituationwillgetworse.(全国卷I)

A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwith

C.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith

3.____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.(全国卷II)

A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When

4.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.(上海卷)

A.asB.thatC.whichD.where

5.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenotmanagedcarefully.(上海卷)

A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if

6.________Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(山东卷)

A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While

7.Thefieldresearchwillt

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