高考英语语法复习专题状语从句.docx
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高考英语语法复习专题状语从句
高考英语语法复习专题
------状语从句
一、考点聚焦
1、时间状语从句
(1)as、when、while用法一览表。
类别
作用
例句
as
as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)
Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)
when
(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)
Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)
while
while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。
主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。
在when表示aperiodoftime时,两者可以互换。
Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.
Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”)
(2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:
①till,not…until…,until,before,since
Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.
Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.
ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.
②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonasonce
表示“一……就”
AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyuacall.
Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.
Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenit
begantorain.
Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.
③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…一……就
Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.
④eachtime,everytime,bythetime
Eachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.
注意:
表示未来情况,主句用将来时,从句用现在时。
2、让步状语从句
(1)although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。
Althoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.
(2)evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,“纵然”,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。
I’llgetthereevenif(though)Ihavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.
(3)nomatter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。
Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.
Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.
Nomatterhowhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoitwell.
(4)as也可以引导让步状语从句。
要用倒装。
Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.
MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.
Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.
3、原因状语从句:
because,for,as,since,nowthat
(1)表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道,因此because从句是全句最重要的部分,通常它被置于主句之后。
YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?
I’mleavingbecauseI’mfull.
for虽然表示不知道的原因,但其语气较because要弱得多,是可说可不说的话,它只能置于主句之后,这时,for是并列连词。
如果不是因果关系,而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时,只能用for。
如:
It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.(很显然,鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。
)
(2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,因此它是句中不很重要的部分。
since要比as正式一些,它们通常被置于语句之前,但有时却相反。
Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”
(3)下列情况下只能使用because:
①在回答why的问句时;
②在用于强调句型时;
③被not所否定时。
4、地点状语从句:
where,wherever
Makeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.
WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.
5、目的状语从句:
that,sothat,inorderthat
注意:
目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用,否则可能是结果状语从句。
不可置于句首。
6、结果状语从句:
that,sothat,so…that,such…that…
注意:
so+形容词/副词+that从句;such+ 名词+that从句。
7、方式状语从句:
as,asif(though)
I’lldoasIamtoldto.
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
8、比较状语从句:
than,as
9、条件状语从句:
if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,afaras,onconditionthat.
注意if与unless的区别:
不能用and连接两个unless从句,即不能有…unless…,andunless…。
但if…notandif…not却不受此限。
Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandunlessyouexercisemore.(×)
但可以说…unlessyoueatlessandexercisemore.
10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象
(1)连接词+过去分词
Don’tspeakuntilspokento.
Pressurecanbeincrasedwhenneeded.
Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.
(2)连词+ 现在分词
Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.
(3)连词+形容词/其他
常见的有itnecessary、ifpossible、whennecessary、ifany等。
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsome____________.
(NMET2000)
A.aslastB.incaseC.onceagainD.intime
解析:
答案为B。
句意为“带些钱以防万一”,只能选择incase。
引导的条件状语从句,后面省略了Ishouldneedit。
2.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsname_________itdoesn’tincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.(NMET2000)
A.aslongasB.whileC.ifD.eventhough
解析:
答案为C。
本题考查状语从句的用法。
句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话,那它就名不副实”。
aslongas语气过于强烈,while和eventhough不符合句意。
3、Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_________Icouldanswerthephone.(NMET2000)
A.asB.sinceC.beforeD.until
解析:
答案为C。
题意为:
半夜里有人打来电话,我没来得及就挂了。
but暗示在接话前就挂了。
4.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleepmuchworkyouhavetodo.
A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever
解析:
答案为A。
此题考查连词用法,依据结构However+形/副+主语+谓语。
故选A。
5.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenotanativespeaker.
A.asfluentasB.morefluentthan
C.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan
解析:
答案为C。
此题考查Soadj./adv.As和asadj./adv.As用法,前者主要用于否定句,在这里要修饰谓语动词,故选C。
基础训练题
1.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver__________howseriousthepollutionwas.
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize
2.—Whydoyoudrinksomuchcoffee?
—Well,_________itdoesn’tkeepmeawakeinthenights;Iseenoharminit.
A.althoughB.ifC.unlessD.while
3.Itwas__________itrainedheavilythattheydidn’tcome.
A.asB.becauseC.forD.since
4.Whynotbuyacheaperone,_____________youdon’thaveenoughmoney?
A.sinceB.becauseC.forD.though
5.Itistenyears____________Ilefthome.
A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.as
6.HespeaksEnglish_____________hespeakshismothertongue.
A.sogoodasB.asgoodasC.sowellasD.aswellas
7.Try_______hemight,hecouldn’tgetoutofdifficulty.
A.whenB.whereC.tillD.as
8.__________Isawthecomputer,Ishowedgreatinterestinit.
A.AtfirstB.ForthefirsttimeC.UntilD.Thefirsttime
9.Idon’tthinkyou’llbeabletounderstandthisformula(公式)____________youfinishschool.
A.asifB.onlywhenC.evenD.evenwhen
10.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare____________IwasstayinginBeijing.
A.untilB.duringC.whileD.throughout
11.HealwaysthinksI’mwrong,_____________Imaysay.
A.nomatterwhateverB.whateverC.whatD.that
12.__________therainhasstopped,let’scontinuetowork.
A.ForB.NowthatC.ThatD.Because
13.____________,Iamsurethattheboyishonest.
A.WhateverpeoplesayB.Nomatterpeoplesay
C.WhatpeoplesayD.Itdoesn’tmatterpeoplesay
14.IknewMr.Green_____________IknewMrs.Green.
A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.longagoD.afterlong
15.Theywaited__________itwasdarkbeforeleaving,_________theydidn’twantanyonetoseethemleave.
A.since;becauseB.until;asC.unless;forD.so;because
16.__________oftenyouring,noonewillanswer.
A.HowB.HoweverC.WhomD.Whenever
17.Iwillneverstop______________theymightlikeit.
A.nomatterhowB.howC.whatD.though
18.Fatherwas________busyinworking__________heoftenforgotrestormeals.
A.very,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.enough,as
19.Wemadeadecision__________therewouldberain,weshouldstayathome.
A.thatB.ifC.thatifD.whether
20.IusuallywatchTVintheevening____________Ihavetostudyforanexamination.
A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.themoment
强化训练题
1.hemetwiththedifficultydidherealizetheimportanceofourhelp.
A.EventhoughB.NeveruntilC.OnlybeforeD.Eversince
2.Mymotherisalwayswarningmewhenlgoout,“Don'tgetoffthebusitisstopping.”
A.untilB.beforeC.whileD.after
3.——Takeacigarette,please.
——No,thanks.It’sthreeyearsIsmoked.
A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when
4.Ihaverealizedthetruthfrommylifestorythatsufferingkillsyou,itmakesyoustronger.
A.thoughB.beforeC.ifD.unless
5..----Areyousurethatheisabletodotheworkwell?
----_______hecouldgivehismindtoit.
A.IncaseB.IfonlyC.OnconditionthatD.Unless
6.Wemusttakemeasurestoprotectendangeredwildlife___itistoolate.
A.nowthatB.aslongasC.unlessD.before
7.Ifyouwanttodotheexperimentagain,you’dbetterbemorecareful____youmadeamistake.
A.whenB.whyC.whereD.incase
8.hesaidwasrighttoherandthatwaswhyshedecidedtomarryhimhappened.
A.Nomatterthat;nomatterthatB.Whatever;whichever
C.Nomatterwhat;nomatterwhatD.Whatever;whatever
9.—Thethreadofmykitebrokeanditflewaway.
—Itoldyouitwouldeasilybreakitwastheweakest.
A.whenB.thereC.thatD.where
10.Youcan,theskyisclear,seeasfarastheoldtempleontopofthemountain,butnottoday.
A.whenB.whereC.thoughD.because
11.---WillyougotoTom'sbirthdaypartytomorrow?
---No,_____invitedto.
A.ifB.untilC.whenD.eventhough
12.Thefamousscientistwasgoingout_____hefoundhimselfsurroundedbylotsofyoungpeople.
A.whenB.beforeC.whileD.after
13.______lifeinanewcountrycanbedifficult,itcanbroadcastaperson’sviewoftheworld.
A.If B.As C.Because D.While
14.Itwasfiveo’clockintheafternoon____theyarrivedatthehotel.
A.since B.before C.that D.when
高考训练题
2007年高考
1.Iwon’tcallyou,________somethingunexpectedhappens.(全国卷I)
A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while
2.Weallknowthat,__________,thesituationwillgetworse.(全国卷I)
A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwith
C.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith
3.____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.(全国卷II)
A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When
4.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.(上海卷)
A.asB.thatC.whichD.where
5.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenotmanagedcarefully.(上海卷)
A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if
6.________Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(山东卷)
A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While
7.Thefieldresearchwillt