届高考英语冲刺集训阅读理解3议论文.docx
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届高考英语冲刺集训阅读理解3议论文
Day5阅读理解(5)(议论文)
Passage1
文体:
议论文词数:
326限时:
6分钟
Ilogontoacomputeratthedoctor’sofficetosayIhavearrivedandthenwaituntilavoicecallsmeintotheexaminationroom.
There,aroboticnursedirectsmeontoadeviceandthentakesmybloodpressure.Sometimelater,instepsthedoctor,whoisalsoarobot.Henotesdownmysymptomsandgivesmeaprescription(处方).Ipayformyvisitusingacreditcardmachineandreturnhomewithouthavingmetanotherhumanbeing.
WhenIcallmydentist’sofficeandactuallygetahumanbeingontheline,Iamthrilled.AndwhenIseetheintroductionofyetmoreself-servicecheckoutstationsatthegrocerystore,Ifeellikeshouting,“Whenitcomestocashiers,makeminehuman,please!
”
Afterall,humancashierssometimesgiveyouastorecoupon(优惠券)foritemsyouarebuying.Evenmorethanthat,real-lifecashiersoftentakeaninterestinparticularlycutechildren,whichcanbrightenayoungmother’sday.Acashiermayalsoshowcompassion(同情)foranelderlypersonstrugglingtogetthatlastpennyoutofherpurse.
Whattechnologicaldevicewoulddo,anyofthis?
Idon’twanttogobacktotheStoneAge,butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.Sometimeswhenyou’rechattingwithsomeone,youdiscoverthingsyouneedtoknow.Maybeareceptionistneedsprayerssaidforasickchild.Maybeasalespersoncanofferabitofencouragementtoacustomerwhoisfeelingtired.
Machinescanbeefficientandcost-effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.
Callitthespirit,thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.Itisbeinghumanthatpromptsustosmileatothers,whichmaybewhattheyneedatthatmoment.
1.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?
A.Toindicatehightechnologycanmakeourfuturelifeveryeasy.
B.Todescribeapossiblefuturescenewhererobotstakecontrolofourlife.
C.Towarnreadersofthepossibledangersofroboticnursesanddoctors.
D.Topredicthowtechnologycanaffectthewayweseeadoctorinthefuture.
2.Whydoestheauthorpreferbeingservedbyhumansratherthanbyrobots?
A.Robotsareindifferentandemotionless.
B.Robotscan’tprovideefficientservices.
C.Robotsdon’toffertogivestorecoupons.
D.Robotsareunabletodoajobaswellashumans.
3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardmachines?
A.Hewishesonedaytheywouldcometolife.
B.Heisabsolutelyagainsttheirexistenceinhislife.
C.Hedoesn’tliketheygetinvolvedinhislifetoomuch.
D.Heisafraidtheywouldtaketheplaceofhumanbeings.
Passage2
文体:
议论文词数:
379限时:
8分钟
InaclassthispastDecember,afterIwrotesomedirectionsontheboardforstudentsabouttheirfinalexamination,oneyoungwomanquicklytookapictureoftheboardusinghersmartphone.WhenIlookedinherdirection,sheapologized,“Sorry.Wasitwrongtotakeapicture?
”
“Ican’treadmyownhandwriting,”theyoungwomanexplained.“It’sbestifItakeapictureofyourwritingsoIcanunderstandthenotes.”
Thatremarkstartedaclass-widediscussionabouttakingapictureinsteadoftakingnotes.Forthoseinthephoto-takingcamp,motivationsextendedbeyondtheirinabilitytocomprehendtheirownhandwriting.Sometookpicturesofnotesbecausetheyknewtheirphonewasasafeplacetostorematerial.Theymightlosepaper,theyreasoned,buttheywouldn’tlosetheirphones.SometookphotosbecausetheywantedtorecordexactlythemannerinwhichIhadnotedinformationontheboard.Otherstoldmethatduringclasstheylikedtobeabletolistentothediscussionattentively.
Yettheuseofcamerasasnotetakers,thoughitmaybeconvenient,doesraisesignificantquestionsfortheclassroom.Isapictureaneffectivereplacementfortheprocessofnote-taking?
Instructorsencouragestudentstotakenotesbecausetheactofdoingsoismorethanmerelyrecordingnecessaryinformation—ithelpspreparethewayforunderstanding.Encouragingstudentstotakenotesmaybeanold-fashionedinstructionalmethod,butjustbecauseamethodhasalonghistorydoesn’tmeanit’soutofdate.Writingthingsdownengagesastudent’sbraininlistening,visual,andkinesthetic(触觉的)learning—aviewsupportedbyalongstandingresearch.Theactofwritingdowninformationenablesapersontobegincommittingittomemory,andtoprocessandcombineit,establishingthebuildingblocksoflearningnewconcepts.
Takingapicturedoesindeedrecordtheinformation,butitdeletessomeofthenecessarymentalengagementthattakingnotesemploys.Socanthetwobeequallyeffective?
I’mnotsurehowtomeasuretheeffectivenessofeithermethod.Fornow,Iallowstudentstotakenoteshowevertheyseefit—handwrittenorphotographed—becauseIfigurethatsomenotes,nomatterthemethodofnote-taking,arebetterthannone.
1.Thewomanapologizedintheclassbecauseshe______.
A.tookapictureoftheboard
B.missedtheteachers’directions
C.hadthebadhandwriting
D.disturbedotherstudents’learning
2.Studentsrefusetotakenotesbyhandbecause______.
A.theyareunabletotakenotes
B.theyaremorelikelytolosenotes
C.theyareinterestedinusingtheirphones
D.theyhaveagoodmemoryofteachers’instructions
3.Accordingtothepassage,takingnotesbyhand______.
A.requiresstudentstothinkindependently
B.isunsuitableforstudentstolearnnewideas
C.helpsstudentsactivelyparticipateinlearning
D.provestobeanoldanduselesslearningmethod
4.What’stheauthor’sopiniontowardtakingnotesbyphones?
A.Supportive.B.Neutral.
C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.
Passage3
文体:
议论文词数:
396限时:
9分钟
“Extra!
Extra!
Gasolinehitsfourdollarsagallon!
”
Noonewillreallybeshocked—except,perhaps,theold-timerswhotellaboutthegoodolddayswhengaswasthreegallonsforadollar,andpeopledrovearound“justforthefunofit”.Asamatteroffact,thepriceofgashasbeenrisingfastandsteadilyforseveralyears,andmanyadjustmentshavealreadybeenmade.
Therewas,foratime,considerableunemploymentintheautoindustry,andthreequartersofthegaragesandservicestationshavegoneoutofbusiness.However,thebicycleandmotor-scooterbusinesshasflourished(兴旺),andmanypeoplehavefoundemploymentthere.
NowthatFederalMotorshasbroughtoutitsnewLilliput,whichtravelsfortymilesonagallon,theautobusinessispickingupagain.Thefactoriesthathaven’tswitchedovertotwo-wheeltransportationareworkingontheirnewsmallermodels.Thereistalk,too,aboutbringingoutnewsteamandelectricautomobilesthatwillbejustaseconomicalastheoldcars.
Inthemeantime,streetcarsaregraduallyreplacingbusesalloverthecountrybecauseofthegreatereconomyofelectricpower.Andmanypeoplewhohaveseldomusedpublictransportationarenowridingthestreetcarswhiletheirautomobilesrust(生锈)intheirgarages.
There’snomarketatallforthebig,luxuriouscars,foronlythewealthycannowaffordtooperatethem.Manypeoplearenowshoppingintheirownneighborhood,andsmallbusinessesarethriving.
Ministers,educators,andeditorialwritersarepointingoutthattherehasbeenagreatimprovementinfamilylife.Familiesnowstayathomemoreforfun,andchildrenandparentsarebecomingbetteracquainted.Thestoresreportaboomingbusinessinparlorgames,hobbymaterials,books,musicalinstrumentsandalbums.
Peoplehavelosttheirpaleindoorlook.Therevivalofthelostartofwalkinghasbroughtahealthypinkbacktomanyacheek.Thisreturntotheheelshasrevolutionizedtheclothingstyles—peoplenowneedtobereadyforallkindsofweather.
Theseconditions,however,maynotlast.Alreadyourcleverchemistsareatworkonnewsyntheticfuelswhich,theysay,willputusrightbackwherewewere—onwheels.Shallwewishthemsuccessornot?
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaresultofthegaspricerising?
A.Morepeopleprefertotravelonpublictransportationwhichcostslessthandrivingcars.
B.Peoplereturntothetraditionalexerciseofwalking,whichhelpsthemtolookhealthier.
C.Peopleshopinnearbystoreswithouthavingtodrive,sosmallbusinessesaredeclining.
D.Theautoindustryhasbeenforcedtodevelopnewmodelswhicharemoreeconomical.
2.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageis______.
A.toshowthechainreactionoftherisinggasprice
B.todiscusswhetherit’snecessarytoworkonnewfuels
C.towarnpeoplenottousetoomuchgasoline
D.topicturewhatlifewillbelikeifgasrunsout
3.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.NewFuelsontheWay
B.CarsorBicycles,ThatIsaQuestion
C.EndoftheGoodOldDays
D.FromWheelstoHeels
答案及解析
Passage1
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。
作者通过描述一个全部由机器人负责的诊病场景来引起话题,并提出自己的观点:
虽然机器极大地方便了我们的生活,但是我们不能过分地依赖机器,人与人之间的交流绝对不能被机器替代。
1.B【解析】推理判断题。
根据第五段第二句…butI’malsoworriedaboutaworldrunbymachines.可知,作者关注机器与人类的关系,担忧人的生活被机器控制。
开篇的那个情景就是作者描述的未来全部由机器人负责的诊病场景。
故选B项。
2.A【解析】推理判断题。
根据第六段以及第七段的第一、二句Callitthespirit,thesoulortheheart.Itissomethingnomachinewilleverhave.可知,机器虽然高效,成本低,能胜任工作,但它们没有精神和心灵,是冷酷无情的。
故选A项。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。
综合全文,特别是第六段Machinescanbeefficientandcost\|effectiveandtheyoftengetthejobdonejustfine.Buttheylackanelementsoimportanttoeverydaylife.可知,机器方便了人们的工作和生活,但是机器缺少了一些日常生活的重要元素。
D项陈述过于概括,作者并非害怕机器取代全人类,而是不喜欢机器的冷漠无情。
综合四个选项可知C项正确。
Passage2
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。
作者根据一次课堂上学生用手机拍下黑板上的笔记而引发思考以及全班学生的讨论。
学生应该用传统的手写笔记还是用现代化的电子设备拍照记录笔记?
哪个更有效果?
1.A【解析】细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句中…sheapologized,“Sorry.Wasitwrongtotakeapicture?
”可知,那位女士道歉是因为她把黑板上的内容拍照了。
故选A项。
2.B【解析】推理判断题。
根据第三段第三句和第四句Sometookpicturesofnotesbecausetheyknewtheirphonewasasafeplacetostorematerial.Theymigh