届高考英语二轮复习必刷题阅读理解二.docx
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届高考英语二轮复习必刷题阅读理解二
2021届高考英语二轮复习必刷题
——阅读理解
(二)
1、 Isdarkchocolatehealthy?
Yes,darkchocolatehascompounds(化合物)thatofferhealthbenefitsandcanbeenjoyedwithoutguilt,evenonadailybasis.Buttheamountmatters,sincetoomanybitescancontributetoextrafat,sugarandcaloriesandgetridofitshealthbenefits.
Darkchocolateisrichincocoa,whichcontainscompoundsknownasflavanols(黄烷醇).Athighlevels,cocoaflavanolshavebeenshowntohelplowerbloodpressureandtheriskofdiabetes.Darkchocolatehasthehighestamountofcocoaflavanols:
milkchocolatehaslens,andwhitechocolatehasnone.
Butwhilecocoaflavanolsindarkchocolatemakeitahealthfultreattheygiveitabiterflavor.Producersmayprocesschocolatetomakeitmoredelicious,butdoingsocanremovesomeofthesebeneficialcompounds,saidMattHartings,anAmericanprofessor.Inspiteofthis,darkchocolateisstillahealthierchoicethanmilkchocolate,whichtendstohavemoresugar.Additionally,cocoapowdercontainsminerals.Soyoucanenjoyapieceofdarkchocolateevenafterameal.Justkeepthefollowinginmind.
First,buychocolatethathasatleast60%cocoa."Generallyspeaking,thehigherthepercentage,themoreflavanols.Thesehigher-percentagechocolateshavetheaddedbenefitoverthelowerpercentagesandmilkandwhitechocolatesbecausetheycontainlesssugarandlessfat,”Hartingssaid.
Second,ifpossible,choosenaturalcocoaoverDutchprocessedcocoa,whichistreatedwithanalkali(碱).Thisgiveschocolateamilderflavorbutremoveshealthfulflavanols.
Andfinally,tokeepweightincheck,limitto30gramsofdarkchocolatedaily,orabout150calories.
1.Darkchocolateishealthymainlybecauseoftheexistenceof _______.
A.richminerals
B.lesssugar
C.cocoaflavanols
D.fewercalories
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“treat”inParagraph3mean?
A.Somethingenjoyable.
B.Asalt-freediet.
C.Foodpaidbyothers.
D.Acureforanillness.
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Cocoaflavanolsleadstohighbloodpressure.
B.Whitechocolateisgoodforhealth.
C.Onecanfeelfreetoeatdarkchocolate.
D.Alkalicanaffectflavanols’content.
4.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Toshowhislovefordarkchocolate..
B.Topromotethesalesofchocolate.
C.Toprovidefactsaboutdarkchocolate.
D.Tomakeadistinctionamongchocolates.
2、 Manyofushavereachedinourpockets,feelingavibration(振动),wronglybelievingourmobilephoneshavejustrung.Thephenomenonevenhasaname:
‘phantomvibrationsyndrome’—andfounditissurprisinglycommon.
Nowscientistsbelievethatwearesoalert(警觉)forphonecallsandmessageswearemisinterpretingslightmusclespasms(痉挛)asproofofacall.RobertRosenberger,anassistantprofessorattheGeorgiaTechInstituteofTechnologyhasstudiedthedelusionalcalls.Hesaidsufferersdescribeavaguetinglingfeelingwhichtheythinkistheirmobilephoneindicatingithasreceivedatextmessageorcallwhileon“silent”.Butwhenthedeviceisretrieved,therewasnooneontheotherend.
Dr.Rosenbergersaid,“Ifindsomanypeoplesay,Thishappenstome,butIthoughtIwastheonlyone.IthoughtIwasodd.”Itseemsthatthesyndromeparticularlyaffectspeopleatthebeckandcallofmobilephonesorpagers.A2010studybyMichaelRothbergandcolleaguesfoundthatnearly70percentofdoctorsatahospitalinMassachusettssufferedphantomvibrations.AmorerecentstudyofUScollegestudentsfoundthefigurewasashighas90percent.
Whiletheoddfeelingiswidespread,itdoesnotseemtobeconsideredagraveproblem.Dr.Rosenbergersaid,“It’snotactuallyasyndromeinatechnicalsense.That’sjustthenamethat’sgotstucktoit."Headded,“Only2percentofpeopleconsideritaproblem."
Whilewidespread,thescientificcommunityhasnotyetinvestedmucheffortingettingtothebottomofwhywesufferphantomcalls.Dr.Rosenbergersaid,"Peopleareguessingithassomethingtodowithnervousenergy.Thecognitive(认知的)scientistsaretalkingaboutbrainchemistry,cognitivepathwayschanging.Butit’snotliketheyhavebrainscanstogoon."Hesaid,“Wehaveaphonecallinourpocketallthetimeanditbecomessortofanextensionofourselves.Wehavethissortofreadinesstoexperienceacall.Wefeelsomethingandwethink,OK,thatcouldbeacall.”
1.Whydosomepeoplemistakeslightmusclespasmsforacall?
A.Theyallhaveavividimagination.
B.Theyaresensitivetocallsandmessages.
C.Therearefewcallsandmessagesintheirlife.
D.Sightmusclespasmsaffectthemmorethanotherpeople.
2.Whichofthefollowingaremorelikelytohavephantomvibrationsyndromethanothers?
A.Doctors.
B.Universityprofessors.
C.Collegestudents.
D.Thecognitivescientists.
3.InDr.Rosenberger’sopinion,phantomvibrationsyndrome ________.
A.isn’takindofdiseaseactually
B.isconsideredaproblembymostpeople
C.isaseriousproblemignoredbypeople
D.hassomethingtodowithbrainchemistry
3、 Itgoeswithoutsaying,butbearsrepeating,therearetoomanycatsanddogswithouthomes.Whiletherearecountlesssheltersandrescuecentersthatexist,somepotentialpetownerslooktopetshopstofindtheirfurryfriends.Alltoooften,however,theseanimalscomefrompuppyandkittenmills(繁殖场)thattreatthecreaturesincruelways.SanFrancisco,however,isdoingtheirparttostopthisabusewithpetstoreadoption.Officialsrecentlyvotedtobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops.
Theeffectistwo-fold.One,itwillstopthepopularityofthelarge-scalemills,whicharefamousforthemiserableconditionscatsanddoesarekeptin.Two,itwillhelpfacilitatetheadoptionofthousandsofanimalsthatarewaitingfortheirforeverhomesinSanFranciscoshelters.District4SupervisorKatyTang,whoservesontheSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisors,supportedlaw-makingontheban.“Dogsandcatssoldinpetstoresoftencomefrominhumanepuppyandkittenmillsthattreatanimalswithnoregardfortheirhealthorwell-being”,shewroteonFacebook.Inhermessage,shealsocalledontheU.S.AgricultureDepartmenttoreinstateinformationonitswebsitethatdocumentsthesetypesofanimalcrueltycases—itwasremovedearlierthismonth.
SanFrancisco’slaw-makingisavictoryforthoseconcernedaboutanimalrights,andtheyaren’tthefirstcitytopassthistypeofmeasure.LosAngeles,SanDiego,Chicago,Philadelphia,Boston,andAustinalsohavesimilarlawsinplace,withhopefullymoreplacestofollowsuit.
1.Whathappenedtosomedogsandcatsbeforetheygotinthepetstores?
A.Theyweretreatedcruelly.
B.Theywereabandonedinstreets.
C.Theyreceivedwarmwelcome.
D.Theywereraisedinsheltersandrescuecenters.
2.WhichofthefollowingmayKatyTangagreewithmost?
A.Peopleshouldadoptthedogsandcats.
B.Animalsaretoocrueltohumansbeing.
C.Governmentcanchoosetokillallthedogsandcats.
D.Itisnotrighttobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinstate”inParagraph2mean?
A.update
B.replace
C.postagain
D.download
4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?
A.NoChinesecityjoinsthistypeofmovement.
B.SanFranciscoisthelastcitytobanpetstores.
C.Americanscareaboutanimalsmorethanhumans.
D.Moreandmorecitiesareinvolvedinanimalrights.
4、 Intoday’sglobalworld,moreandmorepeopletraveltoforeigncountries.Crossculturalawarenessandanunderstandingofforeignetiquetteisimportantifyouwanttosucceedasaninternationalbusinessperson.Behaviourthatispoliteathomemaybeconsideredrudeinanothercountry.Inparticular,bylearningaboutdiningetiquetteandtablemanners,youcanavoidoffendingpeopleandthiscandirectlyinfluenceyourbusinesssuccess.
JohnSmith’sbookThePerfectGuestisagoldmineofinformationfortheglobe-trottingbusinessperson.Therearechaptersdedicatedtoallthemainproblemareasofdiningetiquetteandentertainingindifferentcountriesandtipsonhowtocopewithembarrassingsituations.
Thesearesomeoftheareaswhicharecoveredinthebook.
Seatingarrangements
Whetheryouareeatingatarestaurantoratsomeone’shome,theremaybeafixedprotocolofwhositswhere.Domenandwomensittogether?
Isthereahierarchyaccordingtoageorstatus?
Rulesvarygreatly.Forexample,inKorea,itiscustomarytoofferthebestseattothemostseniorperson;intheUS,therearenospecificseatingrules.Ifyoudon’tknowwheretosit,waituntilyourhostshowsyou.
Conversation
Isthediningtabletherightplacetohaveaconversationoristhemealtakeninsilence?
InFrance,forinstance,themealisasocialaffairwithloudanimatedconversationsandmosttopicsareacceptable,includingbusiness.InJapanorVietnam,ontheotherhand,onlyquietconversationisacceptableandbusinessisneverconductedatthedinnertable.
Food
Whattypeoffoodispopular?
Isitpolitetoremarkonthefood?
Shouldyoueateverythingorleavesomefoodonyourplate?
Isitpolitetoaskforthesaltandpepperifitisn’tonthetable?
Andhowcanyoudealwithafooddelicacythatyoufinddisgusting?
InEurope,itispolitetoeateverythingonyourplatewhereasthiswouldbeconsideredrudeinEgypt.Ifyoucleanyourplate,itwillbefilledupagainimmediately.
1.Whoismostlikelytofindtheinformationuseful?
A.Abusinessperson.
B.Ascientist.
C.Astudent.
D.Asoldier.
2.WhenyouareaguestintheUS,whereshouldyousit?
A.Inthebestseat.
B.Whereyourhostshowsyoutosit.
C.Whereveryoulike.
D.Nexttothesen