新视野大学英语4第四版Unit1sectionA教案.docx
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新视野大学英语4第四版Unit1sectionA教案
Unit1SectionA
Loveandlogic:
Thestoryofafallacy
Objectives：
Totalkaboutloveandlogic
Tofurtherunderstandthetext
Toapplythephrasesandpatterns
Tomasterthenarrativeessaywritingskill
Contents
Warming-upActivities
TextStudy
LanguageApplication
Summary
Warming-upActivities
Lead-in
1.Whatdoyouknowaboutlogic
Whenitcomestomakingachoice,manypeopletendtouserationalandlogicalreasoning;
Malesaremorerationalthanfemales;
2.Doyouthinkitispossibletodealwithlifeinacompletelyrationalandlogicalway
Rationalworldisnotnecessarilyawonderfulone;
Rationalindividualscanmakechoicesthatarebadnewsforothers;
Itisridiculoustodealwithloveinalogicalway.
Pre-readingActivities
1.Thefollowingaresomestatementstotestyourreasoningability.Tellwhethertheconclusionsaftertheword“Therefore”aretrue（T）,false（F）,oruncertain（U）.Writeyouransweronthelinebeforeeachstatement.
number
statements
Trueorfalse
1
Alloddnumbersareintegers（整数）.Allevennumbers
areintegers.Therefore,alloddnumbersareeven
numbers.
2
Therearenodancersthataren’tslimandnosingers
thataren’tdancers.Therefore,allsingersareslim.
3
Atoothpick（牙签）isuseful.Usefulthingsarevaluable.
Therefore,atoothpickisvaluable.
Threepencilscostthesameastwoerasers.Four
eraserscostthesameasoneruler.Therefore,pencils
aremoreexpensivethanrulers.
5
ClassAhasahigherenrollmentthanClassB.Class
ChasalowerenrollmentthanClassB.Therefore,
ClassAhasalowerenrollmentthanClassC.
6
Afruitbasketcontainsmoreapplesthanlemons.
Therearemorelemonsinthebasketthanoranges.
Therefore,thebasketcontainsmoreapplesthan
oranges.
7
Takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthantaking
thebus.Takingthebusacrosstownisslowerthan
drivingacar.Therefore,takingthetrainacrosstown
isquickerthandrivingacar.
8
AllthetulipsinZoe’sgardenarewhite.Alltheroses
inZoe’sgardenareyellow.Therefore,alltheflowers
inZoe’sgardenareeitherwhiteoryellow.
2.Listentoashortpassageonlogic,andfillinthemissinginformation.
CulturalBackground-LogicandFallacy
1.WhatisafallacyAndhowisitused
Anerrorinreasoningthatrendersanargumentlogicallyinvalid;
Byaccidentordesign,logicalfallaciesareoftenusedindebateorpropaganda;
Tomisleadpeople;
Todistractpeoplefromtherealissueforthepurposeofwinninganargument.
2.Howmanytypesoffallacydoyouknow
RedHerring（转移话题）/BeggingtheQuestion（循环论证）/SlipperySlope（滑坡谬误）/Bandwagon（从众谬误）/FalseDilemma（伪两难谬误）/FalseCause（posthoc）（假因谬误）/AdHominem（人身攻击）/AppealtoAuthority（诉诸权威）/DictoSimpliciter（绝对判断）/HastyGeneralization（草率结论）/AdMisericordiam（文不对题）/FalseAnalogy（错误类比）
TextStudy
1.Mainideaandstructure
WhatdidthenarratordowithhisroommateRob
TheymadeadealthatthenarratorgivesRobhisleatherjacket,andRob,inexchange,givesthenarratorhisgirlfriend.
WhydidthenarratorwanttohavePollyashisgirlfriend（Paras.2-3）
Pretty,well-off,radiant;
Therightbackgroundtobethegirlfriendofadogged,brilliantlawyer;
Helpthenarratorinhiscompetitionwithotherapplicantstosomeelitelawfirms.
PartI—Paras.1–3
Theauthorsetsthesceneofthestorybyprovidinginformationaboutthefour“wh-”words:
who,where,what,andwhy.“Who”referstothenarrator,hisroommateRob,andthebeautifulgirlPolly.“Where”refersto.“What”and“why”refertowhattodoandwhytodoit:
ThenarratordecidestomakePolly
“”becauseasapromisinglybrilliantlawyer,hewantstohaveagirlfriendwhoisnotonlybeautifulbutalsointelligent.
PartII—Paras.4-25
ThenarratortriestohelpPollybecomesmarterbygivingherlessonsinlogic.AltogetherhespendsfivenightsteachingPollyfourlogicalfallacies,namely,DictoSimpliciter,HastyGeneralization,AdMisericordiam,FalseAnalogy.
PartIII—Paras.26-43
Whenaskedtobethenarrator’sgirlfriend,Pollyrefuteshisargumentswiththeexact
logicalfallaciestaughtbyhimandrefusesbymakingfulldisclosurethatsheisdatingthenarratorsimplybecauseitisatricksheandRobhavedecidedtoplayonhiminordertogethisleatherjacket.
2.Structureofthetext
Introductiontothestory
.
3.Summaryofthetext
4.Practicalphrases
Specific Meanings
Examples
1. In exchange for…
作为对……的交换
Inexchangeforapeacefulenvironmentforthefuturegenerations,ourrevolutionarypredecessorsshedtheirbloodandevensacrificedtheirpreciouslives.
2. Set a date for
为……定日期
Inordertoachievesuccess,onehadbetterstartimmediatelyratherthansetdatesforhis/herefforts.
3. Appeal to
唤起；吸引
Thisuniversityboastsmanyworld-famousexperts,professors,andtheworld’sbestresearchlibrary,therefore,itappealstostudentsandresearchersfromallovertheworld.
4. make/draw an analogy between
在……之间作类比
Weoftenmakeananalogybetweenstudyingandclimbingamountain:
bothofthemrequiregreateffortsbeforeyoucanreachthetop.
5. Make sth. out of sb./sth.
使……变成……
Theaimofthemilitaryacademyistomakequalifiedofficersoutoftheyoungcadetsafterfouryears’studyandtraining.
6. Give sb. the axe
抛弃（恋人）；解雇
Ifyoucontinueplayingyourpreciouscollegeyearsaway,successwillgiveyoutheaxeupongraduation.
7. Be dripping with …
满是……
Thoughthebeautifulladyisdrippingwithjewels,herwordsandactionsaredrippingwithvulgarityandrudeness.
5.Functionalpatterns
Functional Patterns
Functions & Usages
Examples
1. If sb. could do …, sb. just might
do …
用于表达“假设”
如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。
IfIcouldshowtheelitelawfirmsIappliedtothatIhadaradiant,well-spokencounterpartbymyside,Ijustmightedgepastthecompetition.
2. Sb. never/seldom do .... Instead
sb. do …
用于表达“强调”
如果你能好好利用现有的一切而不是幻想你所没有的，你很可能已经取得巨大的成功了。
Ifyoucouldmakethebestofwhatyouhaveinsteadofdreamingofwhatyoudon’thave,youjustmighthavealreadyachievedgreatsuccess.
3. Look at …, look at …. Can you
do …
用于表达“对比”
看看我，一个聪明过人的学生，一个不同凡响的学者，一个前途无量的人。
再看看罗伯，一个肌肉发达的蠢材，一个有了上顿没下顿的家伙。
你是否能给我一个充足的理由，为什么要选择跟他”
Lookatme,aningeniousstudent,atremendousintellectual,amanwithanassuredfuture.LookatRob,amuscularidiot,aguywho’llneverknowwherehisnextmealiscomingfrom.Canyougivemeonegoodreasonwhyyoushouldbewithhim”
Criticalthinking:
Whatdoesthestorytellusaboutlove
Andwhatdoesittellusaboutsmartpeople
CanyouthinkofalogicalfallacyyouhavecommittedWhyisitafallacyandwhatcausedit
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