英语本科毕业论文-浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源.docx

英语本科毕业论文-浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源.docx

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AnAnalysisoftheOriginofEmily’s Tragedyin ARoseforEmily

Abstract:

 ThesetofWilliamFaulknermostworksareaboutsouthernsocialhistoryandinnerworldofpeople,describingthesituationafterthesouthernsocialhistorybegantodeclineandtheescapeofthearistocratshastothetrendofsoutherncomplexsociety’schange.AndARoseforEmilydeeplyreflectsthehistoryreferredabove,andgenerallyandprofoundlyexplainstherootsofEmily’stragedy.Theplacewheretheauthorlivesisthesetofhiswork.Theworkscouldbedividedintothreecategoriesofrootsoftragedy:

southerncomplexandsocialhistoricalcondition,depressionfromherfatherandtwistedmentality.Thoserootsoftragedyarecloselylinkedtosocialbackgroundinsouth.Thereadercandeeplyknowtheuniquewritingskillsoftheauthorthroughdescriptionsaboutthreekindsofrootsoftragedyinhiswork.

KeyWords:

 root;tragedy;socialhistorical; patriarchy;twistedmentality

浅析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧根源

摘要：

威廉.福克纳的作品大多数以南方的社会历史和人物的内心世界的描写为题材。

描述南方社会历史衰落后的境况，贵族们对南方复杂社会变化趋势的逃避。

他的代表作《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》深刻的体现出这样一种历史。

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》全面而又深刻地诠释了艾米丽的悲剧根源。

以他自己所在的社会为背景，在作品中，他描述了三种不同的悲剧根源。

这三种不同的悲剧根源和南方的社会背景和历史息息相关。

此篇论文中将着重讨论这三种。

分别阐述为：

复杂的南方情结和社会历史条件，父权制的压迫，艾米丽的扭曲变态心理。

从这三种悲剧根源中，读者能够更深刻的了解到福克纳对此篇小说的独特的写作技巧。

关键词：

根源；悲剧；社会历史；父权制；扭曲心理

1. Introduction

WilliamFaulkner’beingaprominentwriterin20thcentury’sAmericanliterature,gainshisworldpopularityfortheuniquestyleofhisnovel,havingapositiveandprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentofAmericanliterature.Faulkner’sstatusinmodernAmericacanbecomparedwithShakespeare’s status. wecanseeFaulkner’sliteraryachievementandsocialreputation.HismoststoriessetintheimaginaryYoknapatawphaCounty,therearelotsoffamousworksofWilliamFaulkneras TheSoundandtheFury（1929），LightinAugust（1932），and Absalom,Absalom（1936）andsoon.

ARoseforEmily,Faulkner’sfirstshortstory,whichwaspublishedin1930,issetinthetownwithnameJeffersoninYoknopatawpha.Theauthor,WilliamFaulknerseemstosetthestoryinaplacethat resemblestheplace helivedin,namelyOxford.Mississippicorrelates tothelifeontheauthor.InaRoseforEmily,themaincharacterMissEmilyisdescribedinthebeginningofthestoryasanelderlywomanthatoncepartofhighsocialstatusandnowpartofthebitterdecayofthetown.WilliamFaulkner’sARoseforEmilydrawsavividpictureofthesouthoftheUnitedStates.Fromthenovel,weknowthatitwastheperiod,theoldsouthfades andthesouthbegantodecaygraduallyaftertheCivilWar.Thestoryprovidesdescriptionofthedecadenceoftheoldsouth.TheprogressofthedecayingisthesamewiththedeathofEmilyandherfather,aswellasvalue,traditionandlifestylewhichhavegraduallywentoutofthelifeofpeopleinthesouth.

AsamasterpieceinAmericanliterature, ARoseforEmily hasbeenattachedgreatimportancebyavarietyofscholars.Thestoryhasbeenanalyzedfromvariousanglesassymbolism,feminism,religion,GothicLiteratureandsoon.Fromthepointofview,thefeminismofLi Rongrui,thestoryreflectsatragedyofEmilywhichisindicatedinthemurderofherlover.ThewholelifeofEmilywascaughtbythecageofoldtradition,Emilyhasneverescapedfromit.Emilycanbevictimofthepatriarchalcodes.Thisthesiscontainsfivechapters.ThefirstchapterisIntroduction.Inthischapter,theauthor introducesWilliamFaulkner，ARoseforEmily’sbackgroundandthestructureofthisthesisbasically.Inchaptertwo,theauthorintroducessomebriefinformationofstory,whichisusedtoanalyzethenovel.ChapterthreeanalyzesARoseforEmilyofthecharactersEmily,Emily’sfatherandNegroHomerBarreninthenovel.ChapterfourfocusontheoriginofEmily’sTragedy.Inthis,theauthormainlyinterpretsthethemeoftheoriginofEmily’stragedy.Thelastchapterisconclusion,whichinthischaptertheauthorconcludesthatARoseforEmilyimbuesthenovelwithhistoricalandrealisticmeanings,andenhancesitsreadabilityandprofundity,whichhelpstoexplainwhythisnovelhasstoodoutasamasterpieceamongtheinnumerousworks.

2.ABriefIntroductionto ARoseforEmily

2.1WilliamFaulkner

Faulknerisproductivewriter,producingagreatvarietyofmarvelousshortstories.Weknowheisoneofthemostinfluentialwritersinthe20thcentury,aleadingpersoninthecenturyinAmericanliterary.In1949,WilliamFaulknerwonNobelPrizeofliterature.In1995and1963healsowonhisdoublePulitzers.WilliamFaulknerisfamousorhisnovelsandshortstories.Thisawardwinningauthorhasbeenpraisedbymanycriticsforhisabilityanduniquestyleofwriting.Healsoshoeshiswritingtalentinpoetryandscreenplay.Therearemarksofhishometown–Mississippiinhisworksasthesenseofhumorandblank,andwhitetragicposition,hisdescriptionofthesouthernfeaturesandthemainthemesandsoon.ThemostfamousplaceinhisworksasYoknapatawphasagaisimportanttoAmericanliterary.TherearelotsoffamousworksofWilliamFaulkneras TheSoundandtheFury （1929）, LightinAugust （1932）,and Absalom,Absalom（1936）andsoon.Themostfamouswriteralsoisaprolificwriterofshortstories.Hisfirstshortstoriescollectionwaspublishedin1931namedasthese13.Inthiscollection,itconsistsof ARoseforEmily,Redleavesandotherhighlyacclaimedshortstories.Theauthorwillprovidedetailstudyonthestory ARoseforEmily.Thearticle ARoseforEmily ischosenfromhisshortstoriescollection.

2.2 ARoseforEmily

ARoseforEmily,Faulkner’sfirstshortstory,whichwaspublishedin1930,issetthetownwithnameJeffersoninYoknopatawpha.TheauthorWilliamFaulknerseemstosetthestoryinaplacethatresembleshisown.In ARoseforEmily,themaincharacterMissEmilyisdescribedinthebeginningofthestoryasan elderlywomanthatwasoncepartofhighsocialstatesandisnowpartofthebitterdecayofthetown.Asasolesurvivorofasouthernfamily,EmilyGreisensmaintainsanaloofdignityfromher neighbors,refusingeventopaytaxes.Laterwhensheisjiltedbyaloverandbecomesarecluse,thepeopleofJeffersonareforgivingandprotectiveofher.ButwhenEmilydies,thetownspeoplelearnthehorrifyingtruthaboutthetown’slastbelle.Actually,thewholestorylineismadeupofthreeparts.First:

themainreasonthatthewomenofJeffersongotoMissEmily’sfuneralistohonoragreatlady and seeher home. Theywantto assure herwho thatsheisreallydead.AfterMissEmily’sfatherdies,ColonelSartoriuscancelsEmily’staxes,sheistoomuchofaladytobebotheredwithtaxes,herfatheronceloanedthetownmoney,andnowthetownisrepayingitsdebts,theGreisenshouseissorun-down,itisnotworthpayingtaxeson.Whenofficialslatertrytopaytaxes,sherespondsbygettingTubetochaseawaytheofficials,threateningtheofficialswithblackmail,sayingshehasnotaxesinJefferson.Second:

thirtyyearsearlier,officialshadgonetoMissEmilyhousetosprinklelinearoundherpropertytodestroyanawfulodor,questionTubeaboutkillingratsandsnakes,thequestionsofEmilyisaboutthedisappearanceofHomerBarron.WhenthetownspeoplerealizethatMissEmilyhasnomoneyandwillnevermarry,theybegintoofferhercharity,pokegentlefunather.Afterherfather’sdeath,MissEmilygraciouslywelcomesherfriendsandneighborstoawake,atfirstrefusestoreleasehisbodyforburial,planstoleaveJeffersonforgood.Third:

MissEmilybuysarsenicfromthedruggist,shetellshimthatshewantsittokillrates,refusestotellhimthereasonforthepurchase and explainsthathermanservantwantsitforagardeningcompound.ThetownspeopleareconvincedthatHomerBarronandMissEmilyaremarriedwhensheordersamonogrammedsilvertoiletsetfromthelocaljeweler,purchasetworailwaytickets,one-waytoNEWYORKCITY,disappearsforsixmonths.Atlast,townspeoplediscoverthatMissEmilyhadhoardedgold,silver,andvaluablestocks,madeashrinetohonorherheadfatherandotherrelatives,killedHomerBarronandkepthisbodyonherbrailbed.

2.3Gothic

“Gothic”novelisoneofthedirectsourcesofcontemporarywesternhorrormovies whichispopularinEuropearound18th century.ThetermofGothic（Goth）originallycamefromthenameofGothicTeutonictribal,andlateritwasusedrefertoamedieval

Architecturalstyleandusedforchurchesandcastles,whichischaracterizedbytoweringspiers,thickstonewalls,darkandgloomyinsidetunnelandsoon.ThosethinkersadvocatingancientGreekcivilization,becauseoftheconstructionofsuchresentmentputtheword“Gothic”evolvedintosynonymouswordssuchasbarbarism,horror,mysteryanddarkness.In18th century,therecameoutanovelstyle,itoftenputakindofhorrorandmysteryasthekeynote,andalmostoccurinthedestroyedcastles,havingbeengiventhename“Gothic”novel.Suchnoveloftensetcastle,wilderness,ruinsandotherenvironmentasbackground,filledwithdark,mysterious,suspenseandbrimmedwithviolence,revenge,anddeathplot.Gothicnovel’sstructuralmodelreflectsinthestoryscenes,charactersparadigms,themesandotheraspectsofaseriesofinnovativeawareness.Oneofthebiggesthighlightsisthattherearenotonly“gothiccastle”,butalso“surrealhorror.”Thesocalled“surrealterror”,itreferstothepeopleintheworkssubjectingtosomeformofghosts,ghosts,monstersorsomethingunknowable.Sothattheyoftenmanifestafeelingofhighanxietysuchasfearofdeathorinsanity.Becauseoftheextremeexaggerationandrendering,thefeelingofthefearaboutcharactersisnotonly“imminent”,butalsothebodyisset.Infact,this