寒假专题句型转换.docx
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寒假专题句型转换
年级
初三
学科
英语
版本
教育科学版
内容标题
寒假专题——句型转换
编稿老师
张靓亮
【本讲教育信息】
一.教学内容:
寒假专题——句型转换
二.重点、难点:
句型转换专项训练
三.具体内容:
句型转换有同义句转换、就划线部分提问、简单句与复句之间的转换、变否定句、疑问句、反意疑问句,还有主动语态与被动语态之间的转换等
反意问句由二部分构成,即陈述句+反问句,在形式上通常遵循前肯定后否定或前否定后肯定以及反问句的主、谓须与陈述句主、谓相一致的原则。
但在实际运用中,反意问句具有很大的灵活性与特殊性。
许多学生遇到具体情况感到无所适从,现就此方面的一些特殊形式进行新的归纳,望能有所帮助。
[具体过程]
一、谓语的变化
1.陈述部分含must情态动词,反问句谓语须根据其不同的意思而确定。
1)must表“一定要”,“必须”,反问句谓语用needn’t,间或用mustn’t.
YoumustleaveforBeijingnextweek,needn’tyou?
Hemustworkhardathissubjects,mustn’the?
2)must表“一定是”“肯定是”,反问句谓语须根据其后的原形动词选用相对应的形式。
Youmusthavetoldhimthat,haven’tyou?
Hemusthaveseenthefilmyesterday,didn’the?
Shemustbeattheoffice,isn’tshe?
Theymustbehavingameetingnow,aren’tthey?
2.陈述部分用hadbetter,反问句谓语多用shouldn’t,间或也用hadn’t.
Wehadbetterstopthediscussion,shouldn’twe?
You’dbetterturntoyourteacherforhelp,hadn’tyou?
3.陈述部分谓语用have,反问句谓语须根据其意义确定。
1)表“拥有”,反问句谓语用have或do.
Youhaveanewdictionary,haven’tyou?
Hehasaforeignfriend,doesn’the?
陈述部分是否定形式,反问句谓语用have或do取决于陈述部分的谓语形式。
Hehasn’talotoftimetospare,hashe?
Youdon’thaveanythingtosay,doyou?
2)have表其他意思,反问句谓语多用don’t,间或也用haven’t.
Jackhastogothereonfoot,doesn’twe?
3)陈述部分含haveto结构,反问句谓语多用don’t,间或也用haven’t.
Jackhastogothereonfoot,doesn’the?
Wehavetogetupearly,haven’twe?
当haveto被havegotto取代时,反问句谓语须用have.
Wehavegottoanswerallthesequestions,haven’twe?
4.陈述部分谓语用usedto结构,反问句谓语用didn’t或usedn’t或used+主+not.
Theyusedtoliveinthecity,usedn’tthey?
Heusedtogetupveryearly,didn’the?
Youusedtoplayfootball,usedyounot?
5.陈述部分用Iam...结构,反问句谓语用aren’t或ain’t或amInot.
Iamyourfriend,amInot?
Iamhavenotime,aren’t/ain’tI?
二、句子结构的变化
1.感叹句附加反问句,其反问句一般使用否定式。
Whatfineweather,isn’tit?
Howhardsheworks,doesn’tshe?
Howclevertheboyis,isn’the?
2.陈述部分用Iwish...结构,反问句常用mayI形式。
IwishIhadmethim,mayI?
IwishIwereabird,mayI?
3.祈使句附加反问句分下面几种情况:
1)肯定祈使句+willyou?
多表“请求”。
Comehereearlynexttime,willyou?
肯定祈使句+won’tyou?
多表“提醒注意”。
Listentomeattentively(注意倾听),won’tyou?
表邀请,请求多用willyou,但也可根据需要选用其他形式。
Singusasong,wouldyou?
Turnoffthelight,won’tyou?
表提醒某人做某事,除won’tyou外,还可用wouldyou,canyou等。
Dowritedownyournamehave,wouldyou?
Stoptalking,canyou?
2)否定祈使句+willyou或canyou?
Don’tbelateagain,willyou?
Don’tmakeanoise,canyou?
但在否定祈使句后不能使用won’tyou.
3)Let’s...+shallwe或shan’twe?
Let’sbeginourclass,shallwe?
Let’sgetdownto(开始认真对待,开始认真考虑)ourbusiness,shan’twe?
而Letus/me/him...,则应用will/won’tyou?
Letmehaveatry,willyou?
Letushavearest,won’tyou?
4)陈述部分含有few,little,seldom,hardly,never,not,no,noone,nobody,nothing,none,neither等,反问句应用肯定结构。
Heseldomcomeshere,doeshe?
YouknowlittleFrench,doyou?
但当这些否定、半否定意义的词在陈述部分作宾语时,反问句间或也用否定结构。
Hehasnothingtodonow,doesn’the?
5)陈述部分所含的否定词是加前缀或后缀所构成的,反问句要用否定结构。
Heisquitecareless,isn’the?
Itisunfair,isn’tit?
6)陈述部分用I(We)think/suppose/believe/imagine...等接that从句,反问句应与从句的主、谓语保持一致,但应注意否定的转移。
Ithinkhe’llbebackin3days,won’the?
Idon’tbelievethattheyhaveknownit,havethey?
7)陈述部分用neither...nor...,both...and...,连接二个主语,反问句主语常用复数。
NeitheryounorIamwrong,arewe?
BothTomandMaryarenewhere,aren’tthey?
8)陈述部分用too...to...,表“太……以致不能……”,反问句用肯定形式。
Heistooexcitedtosayaword,ishe?
Theyaretootiredtogoanyfarther,arethey?
9)陈述部分用so开头,反问句用“同向”反问形式,表惊讶,不满,怀疑等情绪。
Soyouaregettingmarried,areyou?
Soyoudon’twanttogowithus,don’tyou?
【典型例题】
一、并列句练习:
1.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,hecan’tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.(河北省中考题)
A.soB.orC.butD.for
解析:
布朗先生不懂日语是他看不懂药瓶上说明的原因,所以本题答案为A。
本题的关键是根据逻辑意思作出正确的判断。
答案:
A
2.—Canyouplayfootball?
—Yes,Ican,Ican’tplayverywell.(北京市海淀区中考题)
A.orB.andC.soD.but
解析:
本题的前后意思带有转折关系。
答案:
D
3.Thewarwasoveraboutthreemonthsago,_____theAmericansoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwith.(上海市中考题)
A.orB.andC.butD.so
解析:
本题的前后意思带有转折关系。
答案:
C
4.Youmustworkhard,_____youwillfallbehind.(黑龙江省中考题)
A.andB.butC.soD.or
解析:
这是一个表示选择关系的并列句,or翻译成“否则、要不然”。
答案:
D
5.Takeexerciseeveryday,____youwillbecomestrongerandstronger.(河南省中考题)
A.orB.andC.butD.while
解析:
这是一个表示并列关系的并列句.
答案:
B
6.Workhard,you’resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.(西宁)
A.andB.orC.butD.so
答案:
A
7.—WillyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?
—I’mafraiddayispossible.I’llbebusynextweek.(青海)
A.eitherB.neitherC.both
答案:
B
8.LilyLucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.(吉林)
A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;or
答案:
D
9.Becarefulwithyourmachine,you’llbehurt.(内蒙古)
A.andB.butC.orD.so
答案:
C
10.—Didn’tyougiverosestoyourfatheronFather’sDay?
—Oh,notonlymyfather,mygrandpagotredroses.(包头)
A.orB.andC.butD.until
答案:
C
11.—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshoes?
—Theydon’tfitmewell.Theyaretoobigtoosmall.(河南)
A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or
答案:
D
二、反意疑问句训练:
A:
完成下列反意疑问句:
1.Ifanybodycomeshere,hewillbewelcome,?
2.Youmusthaveseenheryesterday,?
Keys:
1.won’the2.didn’tyou
B:
把下列各句改成反意疑问句:
3.Thatisanhonestgirl?
4.Tomhasn’tmuchtimetospare.
Keys:
3.Thatisanhonestgirl,isn’tit?
4.Tomhasn’tmuchtimetospare,hashe?
C:
完成下列反意疑问句:
5.A:
他不想买这辆十速自行车,对吗?
B:
对,他不想买。
A:
?
B:
.
6.这条裤子太长我弟弟不能穿,对吗?
,?
Keys:
5.A:
Hedoesn’twanttobuytheten-speedbicycle,doeshe?
B:
No,hedoesn’t.
6.Thispairoftrousersistoolongformyyoungerbrothertowear,isit?
D:
下列句子都有三种译文,请把正确的选出来:
7.这个女孩不敢独自回家,对吗?
A.Thegirldidnotdaregohomealone,didshe?
B.Thegirldidnotdaregotohomealone,didshe?
C.Thegirldidnotdaretogohomealone,didshe?
8.咱们现在做游戏,好吗?
A.Letusplaygames,willyou?
B.Let’splaygames,shallwe?
C.Let’splaythegame,maywe?
Keys:
7.C8.B
三、各种句型转换:
I.同义句转换:
根据上句完成下句,使上、下两句意思相同或相符。
1.Wedon’thavemuchmoneytobuyacar.
Wecannot____________buyacar.
2.Shewasworriedandthelibrarianwasworried,too.
Shewasworried,____________thelibrarian.
3.Shewassurprisedtofindhimattheconcert.
__________________,she______himattheconcert.
4.Mylittlebrotheristooyoungtolookafterhimself.
Mylittlebrotherisnot____________to__________________himself.
5.Hewenttobedattwelvelastnight.
He____________tobed______twelvelastnight.
Keys:
1.affordto2.sowas3.Tohersurprise;found4.oldenough;takecareof5.didn’tgo;until
6.MrBrownwenttoHongKongbyairyesterday.
MrBrown____________HongKongyesterday.
7.Whichsportareyouintoday?
Whichsportdoyou__________________today?
8.Jimrunsthefastestintheboysoftheclass.
Jimruns__________________othertheboysoftheclass.
9.Iwanttocatchupwithmyclassmates.
Idon’twantto____________myclassmates.
10.Lucywasbornin1989.SowasKate.
Lucyis__________________Kate.
Keys:
6.flewto7.takepartin8.fasterthanany9.fallbehind10.asoldas
II.按要求转换下列句型:
1.Tomdoeshishomeworkintheevening.(改为否定句)
Tom____________hishomeworkintheevening.
2.He’salreadyfinishedhishomework.(改为一般疑问句)
______hefinishedhishomework______?
3.Katehaslittlebreadforbreakfast.(改为反意疑问句)
Katehaslittlebreadforbreakfast,____________?
4.Brucedoeseverythingverycarefully.(改为感叹句)
____________Brucedoeseverything!
5.TheSmithshavebeeninBeijingsince2000.(对划线部分提问)
____________havetheSmiths______inBeijing?
Keys:
1.doesn’tdo2.Has;yet3.hasshe4.Howcarefully5.Howlong;been
6.Youcan’twriteonthedesk.(改为祈使句)
____________onthedesk.
7.Shenevergoestoschoolatsix.(改为反意疑问句)
Shenevergoestoschoolatsix,____________?
8.Theteacheristellingusastorynow.(用atnoonyesterday替换now)
Theteacher____________usastoryatnoonyesterday.
9.TodayisFebruary18.(对划线部分提问)
______the______today?
10.Itwillberainythedayaftertomorrow.(对划线部分提问)
____________theweather______thedayaftertomorrow?
Keys:
6.Don’twrite7.doesshe8.wastelling9.What’s;date10.Whatis;like
11.Hegoestoworkbybike.(用onfoot改为选择疑问句)
______he______toworkbybike__________________?
12.MysisterhasbeentoCanada,too.(改为否定句)
Mysister______beentoCanada,______.
13.HowoftendoesTomwritetohisparents?
Iwanttoknow(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Iwanttoknow____________Tom______tohisparents.
14.“Canyoudrivemetotheofficebuilding?
”sheaskedme.(改写为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Sheaskedme______I______drive______totheofficebuilding.
15.Whatareyouinterestedin?
Couldyoutellme?
(合并为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Couldyoutellme__________________interestedin?
Keys:
11.Does;go;oronfoot12.hasn’t;either13.howoften;writes14.if/whether;could;her15.whatIam
16.TheheadmasterhasbeentoNewZealandonlyonce.(对划线部分提问)
__________________hastheheadmasterbeentoNewZealand?
17.Sheusuallycomestoseehergrandmaonceaweek.(对划线部分提问)
__________________sheusuallycometoseehergrandma?
18.Wecallmathsthelanguageofscience.(改为被动语态)
Maths____________thelanguageofscience.
19.Myteachertoldm