届高考英语二轮专题训练 阅读理解34.docx

届高考英语二轮专题训练 阅读理解34.docx

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届高考英语二轮专题训练阅读理解34

2020届高考英语二轮专题训练：

阅读理解（34）

A

DecisionmakingunderStress

Anewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages,causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative（负面的）consequencesofadecision.

Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.

“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn，”saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.”

Forexample,tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages（影像）witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment,someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience;intheother,somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn'tgonethroughthestress.

Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress—atthosemoments,onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter,butnegativeconsequencesarealsoeasilyrecalled.

Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecisionmakingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress,theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.

Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecoldwatertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisktakingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendtodobetter;whencautionweighsmore,however,womenwillwin.

Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen:

theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.

64．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto________.

A．keeprewardsbetterintheirmemory

B．recallconsequencesmoreeffortlessly

C．makeriskydecisionsmorefrequently

D．learnasubjectmoreeffectively

65．Accordingtotheresearch,stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir________.

A．waysofmakingchoices

B．preferenceforpleasure

C．toleranceofpunishments

D．responsestosuggestions

66．Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,________.

A．womenfinditeasiertofallintocertainhabits

B．menhaveagreatertendencytoslowdown

C．womenfocusmoreonoutcomes

D．menaremorelikelytotakerisks

B

A（2020四川卷）

31.Whatyouhavejustreadisa_______.

A.noteB.reportC.scheduleD.poster

32.Whatisgoingtotakeplaceon2February,2020?

A.AbigeventtowelcomeaChinesenewyear.

B.Asocialgatheringtoraisemoneyforwildlife.

C.Apartyforclosefriendstomeetandhavefun.

D.AmeetingofKwunTongHighSchoolstudents.

33.Howmuchdoyouhavetopayintotaliffourofyougotogether?

A.$20.B.$40.C.$60.D.$80.

34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.TicketsaresoldinKwunTongHighSchool.

B.It'sunnecessarytotakesoftdrinkswithyou.

C.Freedigitalcamerasareprovidedforeverybody.

D.Festivalfoodwillbeservedwithoutextracharge.

C

Oneday,Jackthrewsomepapersonmydesk.“What’swrong?

”Iasked.“Nexttimeyouwanttochangeanything,askmefirst,”hesaid,andleft.Ihadmadejustonesmallchange.Butit’snotthatIhadn’tbeenwarned.Mycolleagueshadsaidhewasresponsiblefortheresignationsofthetwoprevioussecretaries.Astheweekswentby,IcametolookdownonJack.

AfteranotherofhisepisodeshadleftmeintearsIstormedintohisoffice.“what?

”hesaidsuddenly.“Jack,thewayyou’vebeentreatingmeiswrong.I’veneverhadanyonespeaktomethatway.Asaprofessional,it’swrongformetoallowittocontinue,”Isaid.Jacksmilednervously,“Susan,ImakeyouapromisethatIwillbeafriend.Iwilltreatyouasyoudeservetobetreated,withrespectandkindness.”

Jackavoidedmetherestoftheweek,andneverquestionedmyworkagain.Ibroughtcookiestotheofficeonedayandleftsomeonhisdesk.AnotherdayIleftanote:

”Hopeyourdayisgoinggreat.”Overthenextfewweeks,therewerenomoreJackepisodes.Oneyearlater

IdiscoveredIhadbreastcancer,andwasscared.Thestatisticswerenotgreatformylong-termsurvival.

Oneday,however,Jackvisitedmeinthehospitalandsilentlyhandedmeabundlewithseveralbulbsinside.“Tulips（郁金香）,”hesaid.Ismiled,notunderstanding.“Ifyouplantthemwhenyougethome,they’llcomeupnextspring.Ithinkyouwillbetheretoseethemwhentheycomeup.NextspringyouwillseethecoloursIpickedoutforyou.”Tearscloudedmyeyesandheleft.Ihaveseenthoseredandwhitestriped（有条纹的）tulipspushthroughthesoileveryspringforovertenyearsnow.ThispastSeptemberthedoctordeclaredmecured.AtamomentwhenIwasprayingforjusttherightword,amanwithveryfewwordssaidalltherightthings.Afterall,that’swhatfriendsdo.

31.Jackbecameangrythatdaybecause__________.

A.hewasfeelingunwell

B.Susanhadfailedtokeephisofficeclean

C.hefeltSusanchangedtoomuchaboutthepapers

D.Susanhadchangedsomethingwithouthispermission

32.Susanstormedintojack’sofficetotellJackthat__________.

A.hewasn’tworthyofrespect

B.heshouldapologizetoherrightaway

C.shewouldtreathimthewayhetreatedher

D.oneshouldshowothersrespectandkindness

33.WhichofthefollowingdescribesSusan?

A.Moodybutfirm.

B.Shyanddemanding

C.Confidentandfriendly.

D.Toughandtroublesome.

A.Jackcaresabouthisemployees

34.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat__________.

B.Jackgetsalongwellwithhisemployees

C.Jackisalwaysparticularabouthiswork

D.Jackdoesn’tcareaboutthefeelingsofothers

35.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat__________.

A.afriendinneedisafriendindeed

B.afewwordscanbeasmeaningfulasmany

C.afriendwhosayslittlemustbeagoodfriend

D.wemusttreatdisrespectfulpeoplewithdisrespect

D

D.

MyfamilyandIlivedacrossthestreetfromSouthwayParksinceIwasfouryearsold.Thenjustlastyeartheycityputachainlinkfencearoundtheparkandstartedbulldozing（用推土机推平）thetreesandgrasstomakewayforanewapartmentcomplex.WhenIsawthefenceandbulldozers,Iaskedmyself,“Whydon’ttheyjustleaveitalone?

”

Lookingback,Ithinkwhatsentencedtheparttooblivion（别遗忘）wasthedrought（旱灾）wehadaboutfouryearsago.Upuntilthen,SouthwayParkwasanicegreenparkwithplentyoftreesandapublicswimmingpool.MyfriendsandIrollerskatedonthesidewalks,climbedthetress,andswaminthepoolalltheyearsIwasgrowingup.Theparkwasalmostlikemyownyard.ThenthesummerIwasfifteenthedroughtcameandthingschanged.

Therehadbeenalmostnorainatallthatyear.Thecitystoppedwateringtheparkgrass.WithinafewweeksIfoundmyselflivingacrossthestreetfromahugebrowndesert.Leavesfellofftheparktress,andprettysoonthetreesstarteddying,too.Next,theparkswimmingpoolwasclosed.Thecitycutdownontheworkforcethatkeptthepark,andprettysoonitjustgottoouglyanddirtytoenjoyanymore.

Asthedroughtlastedintothefall,theparkgotworseeverymonth.Therubbishpileduporblewacrossthebrowngrass.Soontheonlypeopleintheparkwerebeggarsandotherpeopledownontheirluck.Peoplesaiddrugswerebeingsoldortradedtherenow.Theparkhadgottenscary,andmymothertolduskidsnottogothereanymore.

Thedroughtfinallyendedandthingsseemedtogetbacktonormal,thatis,everythingbutthepark.Ithadgottenintosuchbadshapethatthecityjustletitstaythatway.ThenaboutsixmonthsagoIheardthatthecitywasgoingto“redevelop”certainworn-outareasofthecity.Itturnedoutthatthecityhadplannedtogetridofthepark,sellthelandandletsomeonebuildrowsofapartmentbuildingsonit.

Thechain-linkfencingandthebulldozersdidtheirwork.Nowweliveacrossthestreetfromsixrowsofapartmentbuildings.Eachofthemisthreeunitshighandstretchesablockineachdirection.Theneighborhoodhaschangedwithoutthepark.ThestreetsIusedtoplayinarejammedwithcarsnow.Thingswillneverbethesameagain.SometimesIwonder,though,whatchangesanotherdroughtwouldmakeinthewaythingsaretoday.

53.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenhesawthefenceandbulldozers?

A.Scared.B.Confused.C.Upset.D.Curious.

54.Whywasthewritertoldnottogototheparkbyhismother?

A.Itwasbeingrebuilt.B.Itwasdangerous.

C.Itbecausecrowded.D.Ithadturnedintoadesert.

55.Accordingtothewriter,whateventuallybroughtaboutthedisappearanceofthepark?

A.Thedrought.B.Thecrime.

C.Thebeggarsandtherubbish.D.Thedecisionsofthecity.

56.Thelastsentenceofthepassageimpliesthatifanotherdroughtcame,______.

A.thesituationwouldbemuchworse

B.peoplewouldhavetodeserttheirhomes

C.thecitywouldbefullypreparedinadvance

D.thecitywouldhavetoredeveloptheneighborhood

A

【要点综述】本文主要讲述的是压力对人做出决定的影响以及男女在面对压力时决定方式的不同。

64.A　细节理解题。

根据文章第四段“Inbothcases,thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn'tgonethroughthestress.”可知A为正确答案。

65.A　推理判断题。

根据文章标题和实验内容，可知作者要说明的是“Theresearchsuggeststhat