高中英语阅读训练主旨标题.docx
《高中英语阅读训练主旨标题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高中英语阅读训练主旨标题.docx(24页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高中英语阅读训练主旨标题
高考英语阅读主旨标题选择攻略
阅读原则:
所有信息必须来自阅读的文章,不要掺杂主观的想法。
主旨标题
1.该题型的询问方式:
Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedthemainpointofthepassage?
Whatisthewritertryingtotellus?
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
Theprimary/mainpurposeofthepassageis_______.
Themain/generalideaofthepassageis_________.
Thepassageismainlyabout_________.
Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?
2.解题方法:
A.选择标题和主题实际是考察同一问题———文章主旨大意,只不过它们的形式有所不同:
前者通常是一个名词词组,后者通常以一句话的形式出现。
标题具有概括性、针对性和醒目性的特点。
B.正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语,一般不出现细节信息,不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。
那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项一般是正确答案。
C.抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
主题句表达的是段落主题大意,对文章有指导和限定作用,她具有以下特点:
有明显的概括性,句子结构简单、精练;段中其它句子均用来解释、支撑、扩展主题句所阐述的中心思想。
主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。
用归纳法撰写的文章,大都是表述细节的句子在前,概述性的句子居后,此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。
它总是依据上文的细节推出的结论或建议、归纳的要点或得出的观察结果和印象。
用演绎法撰写的文章,大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序,即从概述开始,随之辅以细说。
这时,主题句就是文章的第一句。
主题句出现在语篇中,一般包括三个层次:
引题———点出主题———解释说明、提问并给予例证。
D.如果文章没有主题句,可以用“话题法”。
在阅读完文章后,先找出这篇文章的话题,即文章是围绕什么事物或事件展开的,然后思考:
关于这一话题,作者讲述了哪几个方面。
(见例题E)
例题:
A
AstudyofauniversityinShanghaihadfoundthatmanyofthestudentsthereareusingaquote(引语)fromtheItalianpoetDanteasakindofmotto.ThestudyofFudanUniversity,oneofChina’stopuniversities,of489students,foundthat82hadchosenDante’s“Followyourownpathanddon’tworryaboutwhatotherssay”astheirmotto,outof278peoplewhosaidtheyhadamotto.Thiswasfollowedby“Believeyourself”and“Self-improvementwithoutstop.”
Studentsalsoexpressedacommonhopeforgreaterunderstandingandcareandsaidtheywerealwaysreadytogiveahandtothoseinneed.
Someresearchersthinkthatmottoescanplayanimportantpartinchildren’sgrowthandtheysaythatagoodmottocanhelpchildrendevelopabettercharacter.
Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe_______.
A.StudentsandPoetB.MottoesandLearning
C.MottoesandCharacterDevelopingD.UnderstandingCare
B
Britishsocietyisconsideredtobedividedintothreemaingroupsofclasses—theupperclass,themiddleclass,andthelowerorworkingclass.ThisisknownastheclasssystemanditisimportanttoknowsomethingaboutitifyoumeantounderstandBritishpeopleandsociety.MostBritishpeoplegrowupwithadeepknowledgeandunderstandingoftheclasssystemeveniftheyarenotveryconsciousofit.Asaresult,morepeopleknowwhichclasstheybelongtoandareabletotellwhichclassotherpeoplecomefrombythewaytheyspeak,thekindofclothestheywear,theirinterestsandhobbiesoreventhetypeoffoodtheyeat.
Socialclassisnotonlyaboutbehaviorandattitudes.Forexample,althoughmanyupperclasspeoplearerichandmayownalotofland,havingalotofmoneydoesnotnecessarilymakeapersononememberoftheupperclass.Itisalsoimportanttocomefromaparticularkindoffamily,havefriendswhoareconsideredsuitable,havebeentoacertaintypeofprivateschoolandspeakwiththerightkindofaccent.Therearepeoplewhoarepoorbutwhodonotthinkofthemselvesasworkingclassbecausetheirfamilybackground,education,politicalopinions,etc.arebasicallydifferentfromthoseofmostworking-classpeople.ManypeopledonotliketheclasssystembutitisimpossibletopretendthatthesedifferencesdonotexistorthatBritishpeopledonotsometimesformopinionsinthisway.
Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.AnUnequalSocietyB.SocialClassinBritain
C.BritishPeopleandSocietyD.InformationaboutBritain
C
Aswegrowup,wegraduallydevelopasetofourownvaluesorbeliefs.Theseareinfluencedbysociety,ourfamily,theeducationwereceiveandsoon.Oncethisvaluesystemissetup,it'snoteasytochangelaterinlife.Financialexpertssaythateveryonealsohastheirownbeliefofhowtomanagetheirmoney.Accordingtoourdifferentvalues,expertsputusinthreecategories.Theyare:
theant,thecricketandthesnail.
◆Theant—worksfirst
Justlikeantswhoworkheartandsoulinsummerinordertostorefoodforwinter,thesepeopledon'tcareaboutenjoyingthemoment.Theyworkveryhardandsavemoneytheyearnsothattheycanenjoylifewhentheygetoldandretire.Theantlovestosavebuttheycouldmakemoreoutoftheirmoneyiftheywerewillingtoinvestinsomefundsandstocks(股票)withlowrisk.
◆Thecricket—funfirst
Thecricketwantstoenjoyeverythingnowanddoesn'tthinktoomuchaboutthefuture.Theyevenborrowmoneywhentheyreallywantsomething.Manyyoungpeoplenowbelongtothisgroup.Thesepeoplehavelittlesavings.Whentheygetold,theymighthaveproblems.Theyshouldlearntosaveandbuyinsurance(保险).
◆Thesnail—livesunderpressure
Thesnailreferstopeoplewhomakelifedifficultforthemselves.Theytakebiglong-termloans(贷款)fromthebankinordertobuythingssuchasluxuryhouses.Theyarehappytotakebigloanseventhoughtheyarenotsuretheycanaffordit.Thiscancauseproblemsinthefuture.Theyshouldplanmorecarefully.
Accordingtothepassage,themostsuitabletitlewouldbe______.
A.SpendingNatureB.WhatComesFirst
C.HowtoUnderstandYourValuesD.WorkandFun
D
EdJocelynandAndyMcEwenmighthaveappearedtobeabitmad-thetwosetoffontheirown“LongMarch”throughtheremotestregionsofChinaonOctober16.Theideawastotakeayeartoretraceoneoftheepic(史诗般的)movementsofmodernmilitaryhistory.
ThetwoBritishmenintheirmid-30swereworkingaseditorsinBeijingwhentheydecidedtorelivethetalesoftheoriginalmarches.“Weholdthesepeopleinsuchesteem,”McEwensays.
Theyplantokeepdiariesbutwillnotsharethecontentsduringthetrip.“Whenwegettotheendwe’llputourheadstogetherandtryandcomeupwithabook,”Jocelynsaid.
Theirtriphashadsomeauspiciousbeginning,theyhavealreadymettwoLongMarchveterans(老战士)inlessthanamonthoftravel.
Inthismodernversion,thepairareaidedbyhigh-techequipmentincludingasatellitephone,mini-computer,videocameraandsolarpanelstorechargebatteries.Amountaintentandportablestovewillhelpthemintheremoterstretches.
Theyplantoaverage35-40kilometersaday,andrestabouteverythirdday.Edadmittedthattheirtripwouldbeverytough.
Iftheysucceed,theywillbethefirstforeignerstocompletetheentireLongMarchroutesinceOttoBraun,theGermanmilitaryadvisorwhoaccompaniedtheRedArmyontheLongMarch.
Thistextismainlyabout_______________.
A.high-techequipmenthelpfultotheLongMarchB.firstforeignerstowalktheLongMarch
C.Britisheditors’adventureoriginalinChinaD.BritishrecalloftheLongMarchspirit
E
Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkablefirstforwhatitcontains;therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsporttobusinesstofashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentsandspecialfeatures(特写)aswell,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:
nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandoutglancingatonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavarietytoattractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethananyreaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality(时事性),itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinnewspaperhasnomorethantransient(短暂的)value.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper;whateachpersondoesistoputtogetheroutofthepagesofthatday’spaper,hisownselectionandsequence(连续),hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.
Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe______.
A.TheImportanceofNewspaperTopicalityB.TheCharacteristicsofaGoodNewspaper
C.TheVarietyofaGoodNewspaperD.SomeSuggestionsonHowtoReadaNewspaper
F
Theseasandriversarebeingpoisonedbyradioactivewastes,bychemicaldischargesandbythedumpingofdangerousrawswage(污水).Theairwebreatheispollutedbysmokeandfumesfromfactoriesandmotorvehicles;eventherainispoisoned.
It’slittlewonderforestsandlakesarebeingdestroyedandeverywherewildlifeisdisappearing,andyetthedestructioncontinues.
Governmentsandindustriesthroughouttheworldareintensifying(加紧)theireffortstoextracttheearth’smineralrichesandtodestroyitslivingresources.
Thegreatrain-forestandthefrozencontinentsalikeareseriouslythreatened,despitethewarningsofthescientificcommunityandthedeepconcernofmillionsofordinarypeople.
Infact,wecancreateenvironmentallycleanindustries,usethepowerofthesun,windandwavesforourenergyneedsandmanagethefinite(有限的)resourcesoftheearthinawaythatwillsafeguardourfutureandprotectalltherichvarietyoflife-formswhichsharethisplanetwithus.
Themainideaofthepassageisthat__________.
A.theseasandriversarebeingpoisonedB.wecanprotectnaturalenvironments
C.thenaturalworldisunderviolentattackfromman
D.governmentsandindustriesshouldberesponsibleforthedestructionofthenaturalworld
G
Aworldofopportunity
TheNewYorkTimesisnowbetterthanever
Allthemorereasonstoorderhomedeliverynow.
NEW-SeparatesectionsforTh