商务英语翻译翻译技巧与文化交流的综合体.docx

商务英语翻译翻译技巧与文化交流的综合体.docx

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商务英语翻译翻译技巧与文化交流的综合体

ABSTRACT

BusinessEnglishTranslation:

ACompositeofTranslationStrategies

andCulturalCommunication

JiaJing

Alongwiththefastdevelopmentoftheglobalbusiness,Englishhasbeenacceptedas

acommonbusinesslanguagearoundtheworld,andBusinessEnglishhasdrewmore

andmoreattentionfromthelinguists.Asarelativelynewacademicsubject,Business

Englishhasitsspecialcharacteristics.Accordingly,thetranslationofBusinessEnglsih

isdifferentfromthetranslationsofotherliteraryforms.Thispaperwilldiscussabout

thestylisticcharacteristicsofBusinessEnglish,techniquesinBusinessEnglish

translation,andtheculturalelementsinfluencingBusinessEnglish.

摘要

随着全球商业的飞速发展，英语已成为了世界性的商业语言，而商务英语也引起

了语言学家越来越多的注意。

作为一个较新的学术课题，商务英语具有其特殊性。

相应地，商务英语翻译也与其他文学形式的翻译有不同之处。

本论文将讨论商务

英语的文体特点、商务英语翻译的技巧、以及影响商务英语的文化因素。

KeyWords:

businessEnglish,translation,stylisticcharacteristics,translation

teqhniques,culture,communication.

关键词:

商务英语，翻译，文体特点，翻译技巧，文化，交流。

Acknowledgements

IwouldliketotakethischancetothankProfessorWangSongtao,forhisvaluable

help,patienceandencouragement.AlsoIwouldliketothankMr.JeromeVanachter

andMs.ZhuXiulanfortheirgreathelpandsupportduringmywork,andeveryone

whoprovidesmewithvaluablematerials.

TableofContents

ChapterOne

STYLISTICCHARACTERISTICSOFBUSINESSENGLISH…………………………………………………………1

1.1IntroductionofStylisticCharacteristicsofBusinessEnglish………………………………………….1

1.2CharacteristicsofBusinessEnglishatLexicalLevel………………………………………………………..2

1.2.1Businessterms…………………………………………………………………………………………………………2

1.2.2Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………………………………………………3

1.2.3Archaismsandthosefromotherlanguages……………………………………………………4

1.3CharacteristicsofBusinessEnglishatSyntacticLevel……………………………………………………6

1.3.1PrescriptiveBusinessEnglish……………………………………………………6

1.3.1.1Statementandfullsentence……………………………………………………7

1.3.1.2Adverbials…………………………………………………………………………………………………………7

1.3.1.3Longsentences..............................……………………………………………………...................……8

1.3.2Englishusedinbusinesscommunication............…………………………………………..............……9

1.3.2.1Shortersentences…………………………………………………………………………………………10

.3.2.2Periodicsentences…………………………………………………………………………………………10

.3.2.3Positivesentences……………………………………………………………………………………………11

1.4CharacteristicsofBusinessEnglishatTextualLevel……………………………………………………12

ChapterTwoBUSINESSENGLISHTRANSLATION……………………………………………………17

2.1BusinessEnglishTranslation..........………………………………………………………………………17

2.1.1LimitedcurrentstudiesofBusinessEnglishtranslation...……，……18

2.2SomeFeasibleTheoriesofBusinessEnglishTranslation..............……19

2.2.1Functionalism...........................................................……19

2.2.2Intertextuality.....................................……。

...............……21

2.2.2.1Intertextualityofgenre........................................……22

2.2.2.2Intertextualityintopicandstructure.........................……24

2.3StrategiesandTechniquesforBusinessTranslation.......................……25

2.3.1Additionandamplification.........................................……26

2.3.1.1Addingthesubject...............................................……27

2.3.1.2Addingtheobject...............................................……27

2.3.1.3Addingtheconjunction.........................................……27

2.3.1.4Addingthepreposition.........................................……28

2.3.2Reiteration..........................................……‘..............……28

2.3.3Avoidingrepetition.....................................................……29

2.3.4Omission.……‘.........................................................……31

2.3.5Combination.............................................................…...34

2.3.5.1Combiningwords..............................................……34

2.3.5.2Combiningsentencesorclauses..............................……35

2.3.6Inversion...........................................................……36

2.3.6.1AdverbialsandAdverbialClauseofCondition............……36

2.3.6.2Postmodifiers..................................................……38

2.3.6.3Sentencesintroducedby"it"..................................……39

2.3.6.4Sentencesintroducedby"should"............................……40

ChapterThree

BUSTNESSENGLISHISACARRIEROFCULTURE.........................…...41

3.1WhatisCulture…………………………………………..41

3.2TranslationDifficultiesResultingfromCultureDifferences...........……42

3.2.1Culture-loadedtermsmayhavenoequivalents

inthetargetlanguage...................................................……42

3.2.2Culture-loadedtermswithdifferentassociativemeanings......……42

3.3PrinciplesinCross-CultureBusinessEnglishTranslation................…...43

3.3.1Explorationofprinciples..……，.....................................…...43

3.3.2"Faithfulnesstothecontentofthesourcelanguage"..............……44

3.3.3CulturaladaptationinFunctionalEquivalenceTheory............……44

3.3.4Adaptionofgenre.......................................................…...45

3.4BusinessCultureandIntelligibilityoftheReader...............................45

3.5Cross-CulturalElementsinBusinessTranslation.........................……46

3.5.1Cross-cultureelementsinfluencingbusinesscommunication....…...47

3.5.1.1Understandingofmaterialobjects........................……，…47

3.5.1.2Understandingofcolors........................................…...47

3.5.1.3Understandingofnumbers....................................……48

3.5.2Handlingtheculturalelements

inBusinessEnglishtranslation

3.6TranslationinBusinessActivities............................................……49

3.6.1Impactsofculturaldifferences

oninternationalbusinessnegotiation................................……50

3.6.1.1.Introductionofbusinessnegotiation..……，..……，.......……50

3.6.1.2.Culturalimpactsbusinessnegotiation........................……50

3.7TranslationinLogoandAdvertisements..........……。

..................……52

ChapterFourCONCLUSION....................................................……54

ChapterOne

STYLISTICCHARACTERISTICSOFBUSINESSENGLISH

Inthelasttwodecades,BusinessEnglishhasattractedincreasinginterestand

awareness.BusinessEnglishcoursesareofferedbymanylanguageschools

worldwide;therearemoreandmorebooksaboutBusinessEnglish;newtypesof

BusinessEnglishexaminationsappearallthetime.Yetdespitethisenormousinterest,

BusinessEnglishisanareaoftenneglectedbymanytraditionallinguisticresearchers,

forthedifficultytodefineitsnature.

BusinessEnglishmustbeseenintheoverallcontextofEnglishforSpecificPurposes

（ESP）,asitsharestheimportantelementsofneedsanalysis,syllabusdesign,course

design,andmaterialsselectionanddevelopmentwhicharecommontoallfieldsof

workinESP.AswithothervarietiesofESP,BusinessEnglishimpliesthedefinition

ofaspecificlanguagescorpusandemphasisonparticularkindsofcommunicateina

specificcontext.

However,BusinessEnglishdiffersfromothervarietiesofESPinthatitisoftenamix

ofspecificcontent（relatingtoaparticularareaorindustry）andgeneralcontent

（relatingtogeneralabilitytocommunicatemoreeffectivelyinbusinesssituations）.

TheexistedrigorouslinguisticanalysisonBusinessEnglishisfragmentedandis

morefrequentlybasedontheexplicitformsofbusinesslanguagessuchascontracts,

correspondence,annualreports,andarticlesinbusinessjournals.Therearealsosome

analysishavebeencarriedoutwithrespecttothelessexplicitbusinesslanguagesuch

asofnegotiations,discussions,andmeetings,whichcarrymorecultural

characteristics;however,theanalysisisstillfarfromcomprehensive.

ThispaperwilldiscussintheexplicitformsofBusinessEnglish,whichdistinguishes

initsstylisticcharacteristics,andalsointhelessexplicitformsofBusinessEnglish,

whichcarriesmoreculturalcharacteristicsincommunication.

1.1IntroductionofStylisticCharacteristicsofBusinessEnglish

InBusinessEnglish,languagestylisticcharacteristicsshouldbefirstlypaidattention

infulfillingtheproperfunctions.ItisnecessarytotakethesestylisticfeaturesintoaccountwhendealingwithBusinessEnglishTranslation.SinceBusinessEnglishis

categorizedasESP,ithasitsdistinctcharacteristicsfromotherkindsofEnglish

LanguagesuchasliteraryEnglish.BusinessEnglishhasitsspecialfeatures,whichare

commonlyknownassevenCsinBusinessEnglishwriting,whichare"Completeness,

Concreteness,Clearness,Conciseness,Courtesy,ConsiderationandCorrectness".

However,inordertoprovideamorespecificandpracticalresearch,thispaperwill

analyzethecharacteristicsofBusinessEnglishonthelexical,syntacticandtextual

levels.

1.2CharacteristicsofBusinessEnglishonLexicalLevel

1.2.1Businessterms

Businesstermsareoftenusedtoexpresscertainspecificfunctionsinbusiness

translationsandexplainallkindsofclausesandconditions.Thesewordsthushave

certainspecialmeaningrelatingtobusinessbesidesitsusualmeaningspeopleget

usedto.Theybecomeidiomaticinthebusinessfieldandtendtobecalledbusiness

termsafterrepeatedapplications.Thesebusinesstermsconstitutethemajorityof

specialEnglish.

BusinesstermscomefromordinaryEnglish.However,alotofthemhavechanged

theirmeaningsduringtheprocessoflanguagedevelopment.Forexample,

"acceptance"asacommonwordindailyEnglish,means"Theactorprocessof

acceptingandapproval";butinbusinesstransactions,itisaformalindicationbya

debtorofwilli