新题速递精校打印word版河北省石家庄市届高三下学期一模考试英语试题.docx

新题速递精校打印word版河北省石家庄市届高三下学期一模考试英语试题.docx

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新题速递精校打印word版河北省石家庄市届高三下学期一模考试英语试题

河北省石家庄2018届高三一模模拟考试

英语试题

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Amsterdamisaspecialcity.Therearemanyplacesyoushouldnotmissduringyourvisit.Hereisourlistofthebest.

Amsterdamcanalring

Thecityoldcentreisformedfromcanalrings,whichgiveyouthefeelingofspace,freedomandpeace.Walkthroughthesecanalstreetsorbetter—takeatripbyrentingaboatyourself.AnotherwaytoexploretheVeniceoftheNorthistotakearideonabicycle.Anywayyoudecidefor-enjoythiscity.

TheNationalMaritimeMuseum

TheMaritimeMuseumisanattractiveplacetovisit,especiallywithchildren.Withmanyattractionsinit,thiscolourfulandenjoyablemuseumwillhelpyouunderstandthehistoryoftheNetherlands-asmallnationwhichwasoneoftheworld’sgreatestseapowers.

AmsterdamBrownCafe

WhenyouenterAmsterdamoldcafescalledBrown,atfirstitwillseemtoomuchfromthepastandtoocrowded,buttheatmosphereisunique.Relaxandwatch-mostofpeoplearoundwillbelocals.Feellikeoneofthem—therealAmsterdammers.

CivicGuardsGallery

ThisgalleryisfilledwitholdpaintingsfromtheDutchGoldenAge.Theexhibitedcanvasmaybenotalwaysthemasterpiecesofart,butthesegroupportraitsofAmsterdamcitizensandtheirwivesareanexquisite（精致的）documentoftheDutchcivilizationandculturecenturiesago.

ToavoidwaitinglinesweadviseyoutobuyyourticketsinadvanceonlinethroughourAmsterdamattractionsandmuseumsticketswebpage.

21.Howmanywaysaretherefortouriststovisitthecityoldcentre?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

22.Wherewouldyougotolearnmoreaboutlocallife?

A.Amsterdamcanalring.

B.TheNationalMaritimeMuseum.

C.AmsterdamBrownCafe.

D.CivicGuardsGallery.

23.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?

A.Afiction.B.Atravelguide.

C.Atextbook.D.Asciencemagazine.

B

Quietlysittingtherereading,Ifoundmyselfsuddenlylisteningtothetrainguard’sannouncements.Traintravelerswillsurelyagreethatwhentheguardmakesanannouncement,whetherit’stherecordedmessageortheguard’smessage,fewpeoplelistentoit,becauseit’softenquitedullorhardtounderstand.Thisonewasdifferent.Inoticedthatotherpassengersappearedtobelistening,too.Notonlythat,everyonewassmiling!

Whywassomuchattentionbeingpaidtothismessage?

AsbestIcanrecall,theguardsaidsomethingalongtheselines,“GoodMorningLadies,GentlemenandChildren,thisisthe7:

35a.m.fromPenrithtoCentralandyou’llbepleasedtoknowthatwearerightontime.AndwhatalovelymorningitisinSydneytoday.Thesunisshining,birdsaresinging,andall’srightwiththeworld.Itrustyouhaveagreatdaywhereveryou’regoing.ThanksforcatchingmytrainthismorningandIhopetoseeyouagainsoon.”

Quiteafewpeople（obviouslypreviousstrangers）startedtalkingtooneanotherabouttheguard’sexcellentmessageandhowgoodithadmadeeveryonefeel.Istartedthinkingaboutthis,andthenIfoundtheyoungguardandsaid“Wereyoutheguardonthe7:

35a.m.fromPenrith?

”Theguardseemedabitstunnedatfirst,replying,“Yes,yyyyes.”“Well,Ireallyappreciateyourannouncement.Thankyouforyourextremelygoodmessage,whichgavemeandtheotherpassengerssuchagoodstarttotheday.Pleasekeepdoingit.”Isaid.

Therearetwomessagesformeinwhathappenedthatday.Firstly,whenpeoplearehappyintheirworkitshowsinwhattheydoandsay.Secondly,thestoryattachesmuchimportancetothebenefitsthataccumulatefromthankingpeopleforsomethingthey’vedone,particularlywhenit’snotexpected.Canyouimaginetheconversationthatguardwouldhavewhenhegothome?

24.Whydofewtraintravelerslistentotheannouncements?

A.Themessagesareunattractive.

B.Theguard’svoiceisnotclear.

C.Theyusuallyfeelsleepy.

D.Theyareabsorbedinbooks.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”inParagraph3mean?

A.Patient.B.Cautious.C.Surprised.D.Excited.

26.Whatmighttheguardtalkaboutwithhisfamilywhenhegothome?

A.Thebeautifulweather.

B.Therecordedmessage.

C.ThetrainfromPenrith.

D.Theunexpectedappreciation.

27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnIntelligentGuard.B.ABoringTrainStory.

C.ADifferentTrainAnnouncement.D.ALovelyMorninginSydney.

C

It’s3o’clockandyou’vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.

ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger.”Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone（荷尔蒙）sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.

Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger.”Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.

Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.”So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.

So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.

28.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.

B.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.

C.Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.

D.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.

29.Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcraving?

A.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.

B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.

C.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.

D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.

30.What’sthelikelyresultofdieting?

A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.B.Theincreaseoffooddesire.

C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceofappetite.

31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.B.Whathungerisallabout.

C.Thefindingsoffoodcraving.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.

D

Imagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpersoncompanyandhelpsthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceiveda$3-million-dollarawardfromtheNationalScienceFoundationforaspecialproject.Theywanttofindwaystoaddartificialintelligence,orA.I.,toHasbro’s“JoyforAll”robotic

Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedover1000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“companion”forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.ResearchersatBrown’sHumanity-CenteredRoboticsInitiativeareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingthepersontotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.

ItisanideathathasappealedtoJeanneElliott.Her93-year-oldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia（痴呆）.TheJoyforAllcatthatElliottboughtthisyearhasbecomeatruecompanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepshercalmwhileElliottisatwork.Elliottsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.

Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillcommunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.

32.What’sthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Torelievethepainoftheelderly.

B.Topromotethesalesofamedicine.

C.Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.

D.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.

33.Comparedwiththeoldmodel,thenewroboticcatwillbe.

A.smallerB.cheaperC.moretalkativeD.moreexpensive

34.WhatdoesParagraph3intendtotellus?

A.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.

B.Themorefunctionsofthecat,thebetter.

C.Thereisnocurefordementiaatpresent.

D.MaryDerrwouldhavediedwithoutthecat.

35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.

B.Feelingsofsadne