定语从句八年级上讲解训练三套有答案与解析.docx
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定语从句八年级上讲解训练三套有答案与解析
定语从句（八年级上）讲解、训练【三套】（有答案与解析）
一、定义：
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
如：
1）Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.
2）YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who（宾格who,所有格whose）和关系副词where,when、why。
关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
（1）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
（2）YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.
如果先行词是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,
关系代词应该用who或whom.例：
Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?
2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
（1）Mr.Liuistheperson（whom）youtalkedabout.
注意：
关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
（2）Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
（1）Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.（which在句子中做主语）
（2）Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.（which在句子中做宾语）
4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（1）Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.（在句子中做主语）
（2）Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
（在句子中做宾语）
注:
具体使用时还要注意下列问题：
4.1,只能使用that,不用which的情况：
先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。
例如：
Allthathesaidistrue.
先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。
例如：
Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.
先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。
例如：
Hewasthesecond（person）thattoldmethesecret.
先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。
Thisisthebestbook（that）Ihavereadthisyear.
先行词既包括人又包括物时。
例如：
Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.
4.2,只用which不用that的情况：
非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
例如：
Theboy,whoisgoodatsoccer,comesfromXinjiang.
Thatnecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.
非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立.
CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
（非限）
Thereissomebodyherewhowantstospeaktoyou这里有人要和你说话（限制性）
which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与andthis相似，并可以指人。
例如：
Hedidverywellinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
（1）Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
（2）Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
（3）Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
（4）Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?
=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?
6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。
如：
I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.
HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.
7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。
如：
Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.
Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity
8．"介词＋关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构。
（1）"介词＋关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
"介词＋关系代词"结构中的介词可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that。
例:
Isthatthehouseinwhichyoulive?
（2）关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：
Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.像listento,lookat,takecareof等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
例如：
Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.
【中考范例】
1.（2004年哈尔滨中考试题）
---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?
---Yes,hedoes.
A.which B.whose C.where D.who
2.（2004年常州市中考试题）
Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.
A.who B.where C.what D.that
3.（2004年扬州市中考试题）
---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?
---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.
A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
4.（2004年益阳市中考试题）
Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.
A.whose B.whom C.which D.who
【中考范例答案与解析】
1.【解析】答案：
D。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。
2.【解析】答案：
D。
该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有that合适。
3.【解析】答案：
B。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适
【解析】答案：
D。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有who合适。
【热身练习】
请分析一下定语从句：
（请划出定语从句，并标出先行词）
1. CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.
2. AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.
3. Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.
4. Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.
5. Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.
6. Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?
7. HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.
【练习题一】
1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.
A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich
2.Doyouknowtheman_______?
A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke
3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.
A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed
C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed
4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich
5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked
9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?
A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.
A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom
13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose
14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.
A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which
15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.
A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as
16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as
17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.
A.thatB.asC.whomD.what
18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.
A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim
19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.
A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels
20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who
22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.
A.themB.whichC.whomD.who
23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.
A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who
24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.
A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat
25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.
A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what
26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.
A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./
29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.
A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich
30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.
A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafter
C.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter
31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.
A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what
32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.
A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who
33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.
A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich
34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.
A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhich
C.bothofthatD.bothofwhich
35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.
A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which
36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it
37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.
A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich
38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.
A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as
39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.
A./B.whyC.whenD.whose
40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.
A.thatB.whichC.itD.though
41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened?
---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.
A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that
42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwith
thefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which
43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.
A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are
44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.
A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed
45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?
A.thatB./C.whichD.it
46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.
A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that
47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedla
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