自然拼读法规则及材料.docx
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自然拼读法规则及材料
Phonics,即字母拼读法(又译自然拼音)是自然形成的一种发音规则,它主要教授英文字母(letter)与语音(sound)间的对应关系,是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。
在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。
一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。
一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词,提前进入阅读领域,使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。
为什么要学Phonics?
Phonics教学在美国至少已经有百年以上的历史了。
适当的Phonics教学,一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。
美国学者Adams(1990)在PhonicsInstructionfortheNineties里指出,出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇,其语音和字母间的对应关系相当稳定。
孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中,拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。
国际音标和Phonics的区别?
国际音标如同中文的拼音系统,是另外形成的辅助系统,是为母语不是英语的学习者所服务的。
整个系统完整但规则相对抽象,对非母语系学习者确实相当有帮助。
但学习一套全新的符号及其发音规则,对小学高年级或初中生都不是很容易。
Phonics属于英语拼字系统的内在机制,经过百多年来的发展和完善,已是美国孩子的必学课程。
Phonics更注重英文字母和其发音的对应关系,可以迅速提升英语阅读能力。
对于英语为母语的学习者,因为有口语优势,在发现字母和发音的对应关系后,只要能把字的音念出来,就很容易联想到该字的意思,能直接认字或拼字。
而中国孩子虽然没有母语背景、但Phonics对于帮助认字、拼字、提高阅读能力,及从小教授正确英语发音方面仍然具有巨大的积极意义。
总的来说,这两者对中国学习者都是不可或缺的,只是适合学习的年龄段有所不同而已。
只掌握音标,会造成现在很多中国孩子都有的碰到生词就无法开口的现象。
要知道除了字典,很少有国外书籍或绘本、读本会标注音标哦,无法发音就会严重破坏阅读的流畅性,进而影响到孩子的学习兴趣。
而只掌握Phonics,会让孩子发现随着学习深入到脱离初级英语范围后,越来越多的单词无法直接用Phonics拼出,发生和不少欧美人士一样的阅读困难现象。
英语发展千百年来,不断吸收各语种词汇,而中国孩子缺乏口语环境,发生读音差错不足为奇。
若能引入易学实用的Phonics,然后再系统学习国际音标,将使孩子受用终身!
英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法第一阶:
建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。
第二阶:
能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。
如:
c-acaa-tat第三阶:
能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。
如d-o-gdog第四阶:
能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。
如sw-ea-t-ersweater第五阶:
能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。
第六阶:
单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。
1.自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音(LetterSounds).其中五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)发两种音。
2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如:
Sam,cat,mat,等等.3.第三步,是固定读音的单词:
the,a,is,to,have等.4.第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音,如:
make,made,sea,five,nine,road等等.5.第五步,是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读,如:
bl(ack),str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如:
ghost,comb,lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音:
ch,sh,th,wh。
6.第六步,是特殊读法:
单音节词,以元音结尾,这个元音发字母音.如:
me,hi,go等等Irregular:
ar(car),ay(hay,may,say),igh(high,night,might),ew(new),er(sister,brother),ur(burn,hurt),ir(girl,fir,firm),or(horn),eigh(eight),oi(oil,boil),oy(boy),ow等有其特别的发音."c"和"k"在一起时,发一个音:
quick,black等.自然拼音拼读练习表第一天:
aeioua_ee_ei_eo_eu_eAa:
matmapbagcathatfanbatappleEe:
eggwellredpennethenbedbellIi:
licksixbibpigpinkissinkhillOo:
oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrichUu:
sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleundercapenametapelakegamemaketakehatetheseJapaneseChinesebitefiveninekitemineniceridesiderosenoseropenoteposehomerodethosetubecubeJunecutehuge第二天:
aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiueai:
tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:
bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee:
reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea:
seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey:
donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:
tiepieliedieigh:
rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa:
roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow:
rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui:
suitjuicefruitue:
Suebluegluetrue第三天:
arerirurorar:
armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgardener:
sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermotherir:
birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirlur:
turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurseor:
porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork第四天:
ouowoioyauawooooeaou:
houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouseow:
cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi:
coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy:
oysterboycowboysoytoyau:
augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw:
pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo:
moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo:
bookcookgoodfootlookhookea:
headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather第五天:
chshwhphththknwrmbch:
beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherrysh:
sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwh:
whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperph:
photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetth:
brotherfeatherleatherfathermotherth:
thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkn:
knobkneeknifeknockknitwr:
wristwrinklewrapwreathwritemb:
thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb第六天:
blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdrbl:
blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:
flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpl:
planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantcl:
clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngl:
gloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr:
brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr:
crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr:
graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr:
prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr:
frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:
tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr:
dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink第七天:
smsnslswspstscskallewysm:
smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn:
snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl:
slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw:
switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp:
spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst:
stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc:
scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk:
skunkskisskirtskatesall:
calltallfallballwallew:
dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaperYy:
skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:
Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby自然拼音强化练习:
Tonguetwister1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!
3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.9.AtnoonItookagoodbook,andsatbythepoolinthewood.Isoontookoffmyboot.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh!
Howcool,howcool.10.Thehunterandhishugehorsehidebehindinhouse.11.BettybetterbutterBrad'sbread.12.Twotinytigerstaketwotaxistotown.13.Thefirstisthefirst.Thethirdisthethird.Thethirdcanbethefirst,Thefirstcanbethethird.14.Sir,thisgirlwearingadirtyskirtisnotthefirst,butthethird.15.Afleaandaflyflewupinaflue.Saidtheflea,"Letusfly!
"Saidthefly,"Letusflee!
"Sotheyflewthroughaflawintheflue.16.Iwishyouwereafishinmydish.17.Jean'sthreesheeparenearthegreenjeep.18.Therearethirty-threethousandthreehundredandthirty-threefeathersonthatbird'sthroat.
19.Neitherfathernormotherlikesthisweather.20.It’sagoat,sittinginaboat,wearingacoatandwritinganote.It’sabear,sittingonachair,holdingapearandcombingitshair.It’sacock,sittingonarock,wearingasockandlookingataclock.It’safly,wearingatie,holdingapieandwavinggoodbye.
第一天:
aeioua_ee_ei_eo_eu_e
Aa:
matmapbagcathatfanbatapple
Ee:
eggwellredpennethenbedbell
Ii:
licksixbibpigpinkissinkhill
Oo:
oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrich
Uu:
sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleunder
capenametapelakegamemaketakehate
theseJapaneseChinese
bitefiveninekiteminenicerideside
rosenoseropenoteposehomerodethose
tubecubeJunecutehuge
第二天:
aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiue
ai:
tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaid
ay:
bayraywaysayhaypayMaylay
ee:
reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteeth
ea:
seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpea
ey:
donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolley
ie:
tiepieliedie
igh:
rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsigh
oa:
roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoap
ow:
rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlow
ui:
suitjuicefruit
ue:
Suebluegluetrue
第三天:
areriruror
ar:
armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgarden
er:
sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermother
ir:
birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirl
ur:
turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurse
or:
porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork
第四天:
ouowoioyauawooooea
ou:
houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouse
ow:
cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertower
oi:
coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoil
oy:
oysterboycowboysoytoy
au:
augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplause
aw:
pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawn
oo:
moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolish
oo:
bookcookgoodfootlookhook
ea:
headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather
第五天:
chshwhphththknwrmb
ch:
beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherry
sh:
sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovel
wh:
whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisper
ph:
photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabet
th:
brotherfeatherleatherfathermother
th:
thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteeth
kn:
knobkneeknifeknockknit
wr:
wristwrinklewrapwreathwrite
mb:
thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb
第六天:
blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdr
bl:
blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehair
fl:
flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflower
pl:
planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplant
cl:
clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclown
gl:
gloveglobeglassglueglassesglider
br:
brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrother
cr:
crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissant
gr:
graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandma
pr:
prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincesspray
fr:
frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframe
tr:
tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolley
dr:
dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink
第七天:
smsnslswspstscskallewy
sm:
smilesmallsmellsmokesmooth
sn:
snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnack
sl:
slowslapsleepslideslopesled
sw:
switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweat
sp:
spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspell
st:
stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstand
sc:
scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoop
sk:
skunkskisskirtskates
all:
calltallfallballwall
ew:
dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaper
Yy:
skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:
Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby
我家dad,脾气bad,让我sad。
有只cat,非常fat,专吃rat。
放下plate,赶到gate,已经late。
清晨wake,来到lake,钓上snake。
撇下net,鱼没get,衣服wet。
为捉pest,从不rest,本领best。
一只pig,非常big,把洞dig。
没给tip,把我lip,装上zip。
一只kite,颜色white,被狗bite。
学会ride,妈妈pride。
清晨jog,带上dog,踩到frog。
轻轻hop,跳上top,唱起pop。