Unit-3-A-good-heart-to-lean-on.ppt
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,Whatdoyouthinkisa“goodheart”?
Whenwearefacewithaproblemthatweareunabletosolve,asimpleactofkindnessfromastrangermayprovideasolution,liftourspirits,andevenchangeourlives.Further,theiractionsmaygiveusanexampletofollowinourownlives.Evenwhenfacingpersonalproblemsofourown,weneedtochoosetomakeotherpeopleslivesbetterwithourcourage,imagination,andgenerosity.Weshouldliveourdailyliveswiththegoalofhelpingothers,andprovidesupportwithoutthinkingofourgains.Ifweliveourlivesinthisway,wewillfindthesatisfactionandpurposethatweseek.,Warm-upactivity,Thegoodlifeisoneinspiredbyloveandguidedbyknowledge.-Russell美好的人生是由爱所激励由知识所引导的生活。
-罗素,Questions:
1.Howdidthewriterfeeltobeseenwithhisfatherwhenhewasyoung?
Why?
2.Whatdidthefatheralwayssaywhenhestartedoutwithhisson?
EmbarrassedHisfatherwasseverelycrippled.,setthepace,adjustto,Textunderstanding,Questions,3.Whycangoingtoworkbeamatterofpride?
4.Howdidthefathergotoworkwhentheweatherwasverybad?
subway,despitenastyweather,sick,makeit,otherscouldnot,wagon,clingto,tunnel,basement,Textunderstanding,MainIdea,Inthistext,thewriterdescribeshisfarther.Hetellssomeofhisfathersdailybehaviorandtheimportantthinghehaslearnedfromhisfather.,Questions:
5.Wheredidthefatherwork?
InanofficebuildingontopofasubwaystationinManhattan.,Textunderstanding,6.Whatistheproperstandardtojudgepeoplebyaccordingtothewriternowthatheisgrownup?
7.Whatactivitiesdidthefathermanagetotakepartin?
8.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthisfathernowafterhisfathersdeath?
PartI(Para.1-5),Thesonwasembarrassedtobeseenwalkingwithhiscrippledfather,butthefathersubjectedhimselftotheshameandstresswithoutbitternessandcomplaint.,Narrationinterspersedwithcomments(夹叙夹议),Mainidea?
Devicesfordevelopingit?
Textunderstanding,Narration:
(Para.1-4)Thefather,severelycrippledandshort,hadtoputhishandonthesonsarmforbalancewhenhewalkedoutortobepulledonachildswagonwithsteelrunnersthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntothesubwayentranceandthenpulledbackhomewhenhisworkdaywasover.,Comments:
(Para.5)Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchshameandstresswithoutbitternessandcomplaint.,Textunderstanding,Para.6-7,6.Whatisaproperstandardtojudgepeople?
Whatdoyouthinkisagoodheart?
agoodheart,Textunderstanding,PartII(Para.6-7),Thesonnowrealizesthathisfathertreatedotherswithagoodheart.,Mainidea?
Devicesfordevelopingit?
Textunderstanding,Para.8,Example1:
Example2:
Ageneralpoint:
Myfathertriedtoparticipateinmanyactivitiesinsomeway.,keeptheteamgoingasamanager,liketogotodancesandparties,Textunderstanding,Para.11,Example3:
Ageneralpoint:
Inowknowheparticipatedinsomethingsthroughme,hisonlyson.,Example1:
Example2:
Textunderstanding,PartIII(Para.8-11),Thefathersattempttoexperiencethingsdirectlyandindirectly,Mainidea?
Devicesfordevelopingit?
Textunderstanding,Para.12-13,Whydoesthewriteroftenthinkofhisfather,nowthathisfatherhasbeendeadforsomanyyears?
sorry,unworthy,regretted,trifles,fortune,agoodheart,Textunderstanding,PartIV(Para.12-13),Thefatherhasgonemanyyears,butthesonfeelsregretforhisreluctanceandreliesmuchmoreonhisfatherforhisbalanceofmind.,Mainidea?
Devicesfordevelopingit?
Textunderstanding,Euphemism(委婉):
Myfatherhasbeengoneformanyyearsnow(line45).(“hasbeengone”isusedheretoreplace“hasbeendead”),Parallelism(平行结构):
IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,howIregrettedit.(L.46)IthinkofhimwhenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanothersgoodfortune,whenIdonthavea“goodheart”(L.47),Repetition:
“Yousetthepace,Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.”(L51)(Therepetitionheregivesthereaderasenseofcontrast),Textunderstanding,如果他注意到这些或因此感到不安,他从不表露出来。
1.Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton.(L3),Ifheatanytimenoticedorfelttroubledbythis,hewouldneverletanyoneseeorknowhowhefelt.,Ever:
a.常用于否定句、疑问句和表示条件的从句:
从来b.用于表示比较的从句中:
曾经c.用于特殊疑问句:
究竟;到底;用任何方式,Itisrainingharderthanever.,Nothingevermakeshimangry.,Whoevercanitbe?
b,a,c,Grammar,2.NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproperstandardbywhichtojudgepeople.(L26),howtodo;whattobuy;wheretogo;whentobegin,现在我长大成人,开始相信这正是判断一个人的恰如其分的标准,whichtojudge:
疑问词+不定式e.g.我真不知道该说什么。
Ireallydontknowwhattosay.,More:
Grammar,Tipsfortranslatinglongsentences,长句:
(1)修饰语多
(2)并列成分多(3)语言结构层次多,1.找出全句的主、谓、宾语,从整体上把握句子的结构。
2.找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。
Translation,3.分析从句和短语的功能,例如,是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。
4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,例如,定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个。
5.注意插入语等其他成分。
6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。
Translation,Oncethere,hewouldclingtohand-railuntilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeofice.(L15),hewouldclingtohand-rail,untilhereachedthelowersteps,他就紧抓着地铁通道口的扶手/一直往下走/因为地铁空气暖和,下面几级台阶没有冰雪。
thatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeofice,Translation,WhenIthinkofitnow,Ifeelgreatlysurprisedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenformyfathertoexperiencesuchshameandstress.(L20),Normally,whenyouclipthemodifiers(修饰语),youwillseethekeyidea.Amodifiercanbeaclause,prepositionalphrase,adverbialphrase,indefinitephraseetc.e.g.,Ifeelgreatlysurprised.(thekeyidea),keyidea:
Translation,现在回想起来,我感到十分惊叹。
想他那样一个成年人,得有多大的勇气才能经受这样的屈辱和压力。
Normally,awriterstartswithageneralpointandthenpresentsanumberofexamplestosupporthispoint.GeneralSpecific(Exemplification),Awritingskill,Analyzethefollowingparagraph:
Writing,Livingbytheseahasmanyadvantages.Theyincludeamilder,lessextremeclimate;accesstoawidevarietyoffishandshellfish;,ageneralpoint,example1,example2,example3,andaneasymeansoftransportandcommunication,bothinlandviarivers,andalongthecoastinshelteredwaters.Thesefactorshavemeantthatmostcoastalsitesweredevelopedearlyinhumanhistory.,Writing,Ageneralpoint:
livingbytheseahasmanyadvantages,example1:
lessextremeclimate,example3:
easymeansoftransportandcommunication,example2:
accesstoawidevarietyoffishandshellfish,Writing,Trytowriteyourownparagraph,whichstartswithageneralpointwithsomeexamplestosupportit.Mymum/dadismyhero(atleast120words),II.YourTask,Writing,III.TipsforWriting,1.Decidethetopic.2.Writecorrectlythetopicsentence.3.Turnthetopicsentenceintoaquestion.4.Giveanswerstothequestion.,Writing,TipsHeispersistent.Oncehesetsagoal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.,(muscular,manly,persistent,brave,diligent,liberal,generous,strong-willed,mild,gentle,kind,solemn,able,intelligent,talented,earnest,frank,honest,competent,eloquent,humorous,insightful,capable,sincere),Self-studywiththehelpofthewebsiteandthePPT.FinishEx.VII,VIIIandIXonline.Submittheresult.Deadline:
Wed.9p.m.,Assignments,Lean,Vi.1)beagainstawallorothersurfaceE.g.Shewasleaningagainstatreeinthepark,readingabook.2)bendinacertaindirectionTheLeaningTowerofPisa比萨斜塔,Leanon:
dependon,Theyalwaysleanonuswhentheyareintrouble.Theministerleanedonhisadvisersforinformationandadvice.这位部长依靠他的顾问提供信息和建议。
Balance,Noun.1)精神或心理平静e.g.Herfriendsdeathdisturbedthebalanceofhismind.2)平衡感e.g.Ridingabikehelpsdevelopachildssenseofbalance.Verb.1)保持平衡Heisbalancingacuponhishead.2)使保持平衡Youshouldbalancetheadvantagesoftelecommutingagainstitsdisadvantagesbeforeyoudecidetoworkathome.在决定留在家里工作之前,你得权衡在家里远程工作的利弊。
Cripple,Verb.Thecarcrashhimforlife.那次车祸使他终生残废。
Noun.Youmusttakegoodcareofher.Afterall,sheisaseverecripple.重残者,Attention:
Atonetime,itmighthavebeenacceptabletocallapersona“cripple”ifinjuriesordeformitieskepthimfromwalkingproperly,itisnolongerso.Handicappedperson/disabledperson/specially-ableperson/handi-capableperson.,Grammar,Iwouldinwardlystruggleattheunwantedattention.Itriedtoovercomemyfeelingsofembarrassmentcausedbypeoplewhowatchedus.struggleagainstwithdifficulties与困难作斗争struggleforpower争夺权力struggleforaliving为生活而挣扎,如果他注意到这些或因此感到不安,他从不表露出来。
1.Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton.(L3),Ifheatanytimenoticedorfelttroubledbythis,hewouldneverletanyoneseeorknowhowhefelt.,Ever:
a.常用于否定句、疑问句和表示条件的从句:
从来b.用于表示比较的从句中:
曾经c.用于特殊疑问句:
究竟;到底;用任何方式,Itisrainingharderthanever.,Nothingevermakeshimangry.,Whoevercanitbe?
b,a,c,Grammar,Coordinate,Vt.Tocausedifferentpartstoworktogetherverywell.e.g.wemustcoordinateoureffortstohelppeopleaffectedbytheflood.我们必须齐心协力去帮助受洪灾的灾民。
Noun.coordination,Halt,Verb.stope.g.Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestohalttheriseinhousingprices.Noun.e.g.Productionwasbroughttoahaltbythestrike.生产因罢工而停顿下来。
Adjust,Verb.(to)becomeormakesuited(tonewconditions)Haveyouadjustedyourselftoyourcollegelifenow?
Hewenttoworksick.,Hewenttoworkevenwhenhewasill.Forexample:
Hewenttobedhungrylastnight.昨晚他饥肠辘辘地上床睡觉了。
Hecamehomedrunk.他醉醺醺地回家了。
Thetomatoesshouldbepickedred.西红柿应该在红的时候摘。
Makeittotheoffice,1)managetoarriveontimeWellhavetohurryifwewanttomakeittothesupermarketbeforeitcloses.2)besuccessfulatsomethingYearslater,hemadeittoafamousuniversity.几年以后,他成功考上了一所名校。
Oncethere,hewouldclingtothehandrail,Once(hewas)there,hewouldclingtothehandrailE.g.Once(theyare)inbed,thechildrenusuallygotosleepveryquickly.Once(itis)damaged,ittakesmanyyearsfortheenvironmenttorecover.,Cling,紧紧抓住坚定信念;坚信e.g.Shestillclingstotheideathatshewillsucceedsomeday.,subject,Vt.Causetoexperiencesomethingunpleasant使经受E.g.Thescientistssubjectedtheproducttoanumberofseveretests.科