高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第4课时 顺藤摸瓜明辨词义猜测类题目练习.docx
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高考英语二轮复习第三部分专题一第4课时顺藤摸瓜明辨词义猜测类题目练习
专题一第4课时顺藤摸瓜-明辨词义猜测类题目
题组一 体验真题
Passage1
体裁:
说明文 话题:
项目介绍 词数:
300 时间:
6′
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ,C)SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL'EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist'sshowmanqualities.
ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.
TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:
amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.
Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.
【语篇解读】 这篇短文主要介绍了现代著名艺术家Dali的作品风格及theworldofDali中的展品情况。
1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?
A.Optimistic.B.Productive.
C.Generous.D.Traditional.
答案 B [推理判断题。
短文首段介绍了艺术家Dali的作品。
由“...withanexhibitionbringtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.”一句可知,Dali的作品众多,是一个多产画家。
故答案为B。
]
2.WhatisDali'sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?
A.Oneofhismasterworks.
B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.
C.Anartisticcreationforthestage.
D.OneofthebestTVprogrammes.
答案 A [推理判断题。
根据第一段“...thevisitorswillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlythePersistenceofMemory”可知,该作品在Dali的最佳作品中是最重要的,由此可以推断它是Dali的杰作之一。
]
3.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?
A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.
C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.
答案 D [事实细节题。
根据第二段末句中的“...followsapathoftimeandsubject.”可知,Dali的作品是按时间和主题进行布展的。
答案选D。
]
4.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?
A.Artworks.B.Projects.
C.Donations.D.Documents.
答案 A [词义猜测题。
由最后一段可知,展出的作品主要来源于两个途径:
一是与马德里的一家艺术馆密切合作;一是靠像SalvadorDaliMuseum这样的机构的捐赠。
联系全文大意及前一分句不难推测其它机构捐赠的是艺术作品。
因此答案为A。
]
Passage2
体裁:
记叙文 话题:
享受生活 词数:
330 时间:
7′
(2015·四川卷,B)NothingcouldstopDad.Afterhewasputondisabilityforabadback,heboughtasmallfarminthecountry,justenoughtogrowfoodforthefamily.Heplantedvegetables,fruittreesandevenkeptbeesforhoney.
AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin'schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).Thesmellreallyburnedtheinsideofyournose.Whenwecomplainedabouttheterriblesmell,Dadsaidthestrongerthemanure,thehealthierthecrops,andhewasright.Forexample,justoneofhiscantaloupesfilledtheentirehousewithitssweetsmell,andthetastewasevensweeter.
Asthevegetablesstartedcomingin,Dadthrewhimselfintocooking.Oneday,armedwithabasketofvegetables,heannouncedhewasgoingtomakestew(炖菜).Dadpulledoutapressurecookerandfilleditupwithcabbages,eggplants,potatoes,corns,onionsandcarrots.Forabouthalfanhour,thepressurebuiltandthevegetablescooked.Finally,Dadturnedoffthestove,thepotbegantocoolandthepressurereliefvalvesprayedoutacloudofsteam.IfwethoughtDad'spileofchickenmanurewasbad,thiswas10timesworse.WhenDadtookoffthelid,thesmellnearlyknockedusout.
Dadcarriedthepotoutandweopeneddoorsandwindowstoairoutthehouse.Justhowbadwasit?
Theneighborscameoutoftheirhousestoseeifwehadagasleak!
Determined,Dadfilledourplateswithsteamingstewandpassedthemaround.Itdidn'tlookthatbad,andafterthefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell,itdidn'toffendthenosesomuch,either.Itookataste.Itwouldneverwinaprizeinacookingcompetition,butitwassurprisinglyedible,andwedrankupeverylastdropofsoup.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者的父亲买了一个小农场,在里面种满了各种蔬菜、果树甚至还养了蜜蜂。
但作者的父亲收获的时候,他炖了一锅蔬菜,闻到味道时,作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕,但是最后全部都吃光了。
5.WhydidDadcleanOldManMcColgin'schickenhouseregularly?
A.Toearnsomemoneyforthefamily.
B.Tocollectmanureforhiscrops.
C.Togetridoftheterriblesmell.
D.Tosetagoodexampletous.
答案 B [细节理解题。
根据文章第一段的AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin'schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).可知是为了收集肥料。
]
6.WhatcanweinferaboutDad'sstew?
A.Itispopularamongtheneighbors.
B.Itcontainshoneyandvegetables.
C.Itlooksverywonderful.
D.Ittastesquitedelicious.
答案 D [推理判断题。
根据最后一段的wedrankupeverylastdropofsoup.可知选择D。
意为父亲的炖菜非常美味。
]
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offend”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Toattract.B.Toupset.
C.Toair.D.Toshut.
答案 B [词义判断题。
根据文章上文的thefirstwavehadshutdownmyabilitytosmell可知,此处指的是鼻子闻不到那种味道,意为搅乱。
]
8.WhatcanwelearnaboutDadfromthetext?
A.Heisanexperiencedcook.
B.Heisatroublesomefather.
C.Hehasapositiveattitudetolife.
D.Hesuffersalotfromhisdisability.
答案 C [推理判断题。
根据文中内容可知,父亲在背部受伤后,不愿意休息,而是自己经营着小农场,而且在收获后,还自己种菜。
可知父亲对生活有着积极的态度。
]
Passage3
体裁:
说明文 话题:
环境与自然 词数:
298 时间:
6′
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ,B)Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.
Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons-anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller,aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.
Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.
Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury,thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'needforwood,whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth,wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone,nevertobeseenagain.
In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons,butbythen,nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty,Ohio,in1900.Foratime,afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem,knownaffectionatelyasMartha,diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.
【语篇解读】 本文叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。
9.Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies,passengerpigeons________.
A.werethebiggestbirdintheworld
B.livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica
C.didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironment
D.werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS
答案 D [事实细节题。
根据文章第一段所述在18和19世纪,美国大群的旅鸽飞起来可以遮住天空几个小时,所以美国旅鸽的数量是最大的,故选D。
]
10.Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'________.
A.escapeB.ruin
C.liberationD.evolution
答案 B [词义猜测题。
根据文章第三段中“wherethebirdswereabundant...bythethousands”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀,所以ruin和undoing词义相似,故选B。
]
11.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?
A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.
C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.
答案 C [事实细节题。
根据文章第二段中“Commercialhuntersattractedthem...soldinrestaurants”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀的主要原因是捕杀者要赚钱。
故选C。
]
12.WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?
A.Itwasignoredbythepublic.
B.Itwasdeclaredtoolate.
C.Itwasunfair.
D.Itwasstrict.
答案 B [推理判断题。
根据文章最后一段中“In1897,thestateof...for10years”可知通过法律后的10年,鸽群数量仍然不多,所以制定法律为时已晚,故选B。
]
Passage4
体裁:
记叙文 话题:
社会生活 词数:
251 时间:
5′
(2014·重庆卷,D)Onemomentitwasquietandcalmintheforest,thenext,theairwaschargedwithtension.Theelephanthadheardthedistantalarmcallsofanimalsandhermoodsuddenlychanged.Iurgedtheelephantdeeperintotheforest.Wesoundedlikeaforestfire-crackling,snapping,trailblazing.Butthroughallthenoisecameasharpwarningcry.Theelephantstoppedandwehearditagain-thetell-talecallofaspotteddeer.
Ilookedquicklyaroundtheshadowsoftheforest.Raysofsunlightshonethroughtreebranches,beneathwhichthepatchwork(交错)ofgreenplantsandshadows-within-shadowswouldmaketigerstripes(条纹)lookmoreattractive.Apartfromanoccasionalnoisefromtheelephant'sstomach,theforestwassilent.
Gradually,thetensionslippedfromourbodies.Theelephantseizedanearbybranchandputitintohermouth.Ireachedforwardandgentlymovedmyhandovertheelephant'sneck;therewasasoftpart,freeofwrinklesandhairs,behindherear.
Thiswasmyfourthtimeto__sense__the__auraoftheforestinCorbett,althoughIsawnotigersintheend.LocatedatthefootoftheHimalayanmountains,Corbettishometoabout135Bengaltigers,buttheforestseemedtobeguardingtheirwhereabouts(出没处),asilentreminderoftheirsecrecyandrarity.Still,Iwashappyenoughtouchingtheelephantbehindtheear.IfIhadsodesperatelywantedtoseeatiger,Icouldhavegonetoazoo.Afterall,spottingtigersmerelyconfirmstheirbeauty;trackingthemcanmakeyouawareofsomethingmore.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述