高一英语必修一unit 1 同步讲解.docx
《高一英语必修一unit 1 同步讲解.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高一英语必修一unit 1 同步讲解.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高一英语必修一unit1同步讲解
Unit1同步讲解
1. add (vt./vi)加,增加,补充说
词性拓展:
additional (adj)附加的,另外的;addition(n.)加,增加
inaddition另外;此外 inadditionto除了……
用法:
(1)addsth.up把…加起来
(2)addto增添
(3)add…to…把…加到…
(4)addup 把…加起来
(5)addupto总计;加起来结果是…
Whathesaidabouttheaccidentanddidwithit______ourtrouble.
A.addedupto B.addedto C.addup D.add
addto增添;不能用被动(B)
You’dbetter________yourscoreandseeifyouhavepassedtheexam.
A.addupto B.addto C.addup D.add
A强调加起来的结果;C意为把……加起来(C)
2. ignore(vt.)不理睬;忽视
词性拓展:
ignorant adj. 无知的;不知的 ignorance n. 无知;愚昧
用法:
(1)ignoresb./sth.忽视某人/某物
(2)beignorantofsth
he________thedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.
Iwas________ofthefactthatthebosscouldbesostrict.
(ignores;ignorant)
3.clam adj. 平静的;镇静的;沉静的
youshouldkeepclamintimeofdanger.
区别:
silent不说话,不出声;quite安静的;宁静的;still不动的;强调“静止状态”;clam 指人“沉着,镇定”;指自然“无风无浪”。
(1) Theoldmanstoodquite_______,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.
(2) Onemanshoutedattheboy,“be_______,boy!
what’sthematterwithyou?
”
(3) Heis_______abouttheaccident.
(4) Heremained_________inthefaceofthecruelenemy.
(1. still2.quite.3.silent.4.calm)
4.concern vt.涉及;关系到 n.关心;关注
用法拓展:
(1)beconcernedabout/forsth.关心挂念……
(2)asfaras…beconcerned…就……而言
Themeetingwasconcerned_________reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned_______theirowninterests.
A.with;for B.with;with C.for;about; D.about;with
(前一句理解为“会议与改革有关”,因此此处应填介词with;后一句句意为“到会的每一个人都关心自己的利益”,因此空二填介词about/for。
A)
5.cheatn.欺骗;骗子 vt./vi.欺骗;作弊
用法拓展:
(1)cheatsb.intodoingsth..欺骗某人做某事
(2)cheatsb.(out)ofsth.欺骗某人某物
(3)cheatsb.intothebeliefthat…骗某人相信…
(4) cheatintheexam考试作弊
6.crazy adj.疯狂的;狂热的
用法拓展:
(1)becrazyabout…….对……狂热,痴迷
(2)becrazyforsb./sth.=longfor渴望某物或迷恋某人
(3) becrazywith因……而发疯
HehasgreatlyimprovedisspokenEnglishbylearningCrazyEnglish. Andhe________achancetogoabroad.
A.iscrazyabout B.iscrazyfor C.ishopingfor D.hopesabout
7.gothrough
(1)经历;经受
(2)仔细阅读或研究;仔细查看
(3)完成;用光;通过;穿过
Youreallydon’tknowwhatwewentthroughwhileworkingonthisproject. 你的确不知道我们搞这个项目吃了多少苦。
用法拓展:
seethrough看穿;看破 getthrough通过;完成;接通电话
breakthrough突破 lookthrough浏览 throughandthrough从头至尾地
8. hideaway躲藏;隐藏;把……隐藏起来
Hehidesmybookawaysomewhere.
他把我的书藏在某个地方了。
9.setdown放下;记下;登记
Whydon’tyousetyourideasdownonpaper?
用法拓展:
setdown=putdown=takedown
(1) setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事
(2) setoff 开始;出发;引爆 setsth.off使……爆炸
(3) setup建立;创办
(4) setsb.agoodexample为……树立好榜样
(5) setfireto放火烧
(6) setaside 把……放在一边;存储
She________thevaseonthetableandwentout.
A.setout B.setup C.setdown D.seton
(C.放下)
10. ★happentodosth.碰巧正在做某事
WhenIwasabouttolookforhim,hehappenedtocomein.
用法拓展:
(1)happentobedoing碰巧正在做某事
(2)happentohavedone碰巧做完了某事
(4) happentosb./sth.发生
(5) Ithappensthat(从句)=主语+happen+todo碰巧…….
(6) Asithappens碰巧;偶然
IthappenedthatImethimonmywayhome,yesterday.(改为同义句)
= Ihappenedtomeethimonmywayhome,yesterday.
11.facetoface 面对面地
shestoodfacetofacewithhim.
用法拓展:
handinhand 手拉手 sidebyside肩并肩=shouldertoshoulder肩并肩
hearttoheart心连心地 backtoback背靠背地 arminarm 手拉手地
15.inorderto/soasto
inorderto 和soasto后接动词原形,用作目的状语时,二者用法一致,但inordertodo语气强烈,可放在句首、句中;而soastodo语气较弱,只能放在句中,不能放在句首;它们的否定形式把not放在to的前面。
注意:
inorderto引导目的状语从句时,不定式的逻辑主语同句子主语保持一致。
________getabetterscore,shehasbeenstudyinghardallday.
A.soasto B.inorderto C.sothat D.inorderthat
(B,sothat和inorderthat引导从句)
★句型及重难点句详解
1.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.(Warmingup,P1)
=Whileyouwerewalkingthedog,…
省略了walk的逻辑主语you和be动词were,以避免重复。
WhilelivinginEngland,hepickedupsomeEnglish.
=WhilehewaslivinginEngland,….
Whenaskedaboutthesecretofhissuccess,hesaidthatheowedittohiswife.
=Whenhewasaskedaboutthe….
用法拓展:
当连词when,while,before,after等引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
While_________throughthepark,wesawafineflowershow.
A.walked B.walking C.walks D.beingwalking
When_________fromthehill, thebuseslooksmall.
A.seen B.seeing C.see D.tosee
(B;A,see和buses 构成逻辑上的动宾关系,而且是被动关系。
)
2.…Ihaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.(ReadingP2)……
so…that…如此……以至于…(状语从句)
用法拓展:
(1)so+adj./adv.+that; so+adj.a(n)+n.+that
(2)such+adj.+n.(pl.或〖U〗+that; such+a(n)+adj.+n.+that
(3)so/such…as如此……(定语从句)
Heissuchanhonestboythatwealllikehim.=heissohonestaboythatwealllikehim.
=Heissohonestaboyaswealllike.
Maryis________clever_______sheunderstandseverything.
A.sucha;that B.suchan;that C.so;that D.so;as
(C)
6.…itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface….(ReadingP2)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚….
句式:
it/this/that+is(was)+thefirst/thesecond/….timethat…“某人第一次/二次/……次做某事。
注意从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时。
Is与has/have对应;was与haddone对应。
Itisthesecondtimethatjohnhasheldanartexhibition.
Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadcometothismountainvillagetoseethechildren.
----Doyouknowourtownatall?
----No,thisisthefirsttimeI________here.
A.hadcome B.amcoming C.came D.havecome
(D)
Period2
Learningaboutlanguage
词汇
1.suffer vt./vi.遭受;忍受;经历
thefactorysufferedagreatlossinthefire.
用法拓展:
sufferfrom遭受
(1) sufferfromfloods遭受水灾
(2) sheoftensuffersfromheadaches.她经常头痛。
Becarefulorourworkwill________.
A.fail B.suffer C.fall D.lose
(B.suffer在这里做vi.意为“受损失”)
He________terriblyallthroughhisillness.
A.suffer B.issuffered C.suffered D.suffering
(C,根据意思“他得病期间遭受了很多痛苦”。
时态应用一般过去时,另外当suffer作“受痛苦,患病”讲时,是不及物动词,不能用被动语态。
)
句型及重难点句详解
★1.Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.(LearningaboutlanguageP4)
句中it做形式宾语,代替后面的不定式tosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace.
用法拓展:
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语的后面,而it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。
IfounditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.
Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.
Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.
注意:
it 用在一些不能带宾语从句的动词后作形式宾语。
Ihateitthatheoftentakesmybikewithoutaskingme.
Idon’tthink________possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.
A.this B.that C.its D.it
(D)
Ilike_____whentheweatheriswarmandsunshine.
A.it B.that C.this D.one
(A, 有一些动词如:
hate/like/enjoy/dislike/appreciate 等词的后面,不能直接跟宾语从句,而要加上形式宾语it.)
★2.Mumaskedherif(whether)shewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.(LearningaboutlanguageP5)
“with+宾语+宾语补足语(OC)”的结构称为with的复合结构。
这种结构在句中可作定语和状语,表示方式、原因、条件等。
With+O+adj.
With+O+adv.
With+O+介词短语
With+O+不定式
With+O+分词(过去分词done或现在分词doing)
注意:
如果宾补是动词,表示主动和进行的动作,用现在分词doing;表示主动和将来的动作,用动词不定式todo;表示被动和完成了的动作,用过去分词done.。
Tomalwayssleepswithhiseyesopen.(形容词作OC)
Theboyranoutwithnothingon.(副词作OC)
Doyouknowthewomanwithachildinherarms?
(介词短语作OC)
▲Withsomuchworktodo,Ican’tgowithyou.(不定式作OC)
▲theroomwithacandleburningismine.(现在分词作OC)
▲theycametoashopwithitsdoorclosed.(过去分词作OC)
We’llcertainlywingreatvictory,withtheParty_________us.
A.lead B.tolead C.tohaveled D.led
(B.考查with的复合结构。
“有党领导着我们”,表主动和将来,用不定式作宾补。
Heworeashirtwiththeneck________,________hisbarechest.
A.opened;showing B.opening; showed
C.open; showing D.open;showed
(C,空一open为形容词作宾补;空二show后面带着宾语,因此用现在分词作伴随状语)
Period3
Usinglanguage
词汇
1.advice n. 忠告;建议
canyougiveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish?
用法拓展:
(1)apieceofadvice一条建议;someadvice一些建议
提醒:
advice为不可数名词,其前可用some,much,apieceof,piecesof等修饰,如表示“一条建议”或“几条建议”不能说成anadvice/severaladvices而应说成apieceofadvice;severalpiecesofadvice.
(2)givesb.someadviceon(howtodo)sth.给某人提关于……建议
(3) asksb.foradvice征求某人的意见
(4) take/followone’sadvice听从某人的建议
(5) advisedoingsth.//advisesb.todosth.//▲advise(sb.)that(shoulddo)建议做某事/建议某人做某事/建议(某人)
(6) advisesb.againstdoing 建议某人不要做某事
Fatherwenttohisdoctorfor_______abouthishearttrouble.
A.anadvice B.advice C.advices D.someadvices
2. communicatevi.交际;沟通;传达(感情、信息等)
I’mnotverygoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.
用法拓展:
communication n.交际
communicatewithsb.与某人交际,交流
communicatesth.tosb.将某事通知某人
3.habitn.习惯;习性
Itisagoodhabitforyoutokeepadiary.
用法拓展:
(1)bein/fallinto/getinto/formthehabitofdoingsth.有/养成……习惯
(2)getoutof/getridof/kick/breakawaythehabitofdoingsth.戒掉……习惯
短语
1.Getalong/onwellwithsb./sth.与……相处很好
OurEnglishteachergetsalongwellourstudents.
2.fallinlovewithsb.爱上某人(表动作);
beinlovewithsb.与某人相爱(表状态)可与一段时间连用。
▲3.payattentionto(doing)sth.注意某事
Youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.
用法拓展:
此短语to为介词,后面跟名词v.-ing形式。
类似的还有:
lookforwardto(盼望);leadto(导致,通向); stickto(坚持);belongto(属于);objectto(反对);getdownto(开始,着手);devoteto(献身于,致力于)
词语辨析
1.join/join(sb.)in/takepartin/attend
join参加某个组织,使其成为其中的一员。
一般跟army,theleague,theparty,club,sb.作宾语;
join(sb.)insth.参加活动;
takepartin参加某个活动,并在其中起积极的作用,一般等于joinin;
attend参加某个活动,但不在其中起作用,担任角色,后面跟meeting,wedding,lecture,classschool等作宾语。
填空
(1) Wearegladto