仁爱英语八年级上册语言点语法归纳.docx

仁爱英语八年级上册语言点语法归纳.docx

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仁爱英语八年级上册语言点语法归纳

仁爱英语八年级上册语言点、语法归纳

八年级上学期期末复习资料

UnitOne

语法：

一般将来时

结构：

be（am/is/are）goingtodosth.表示计划、打算或安排

搭配词：

tomorrow;thedayaftertomorrow;tomorrowmorning/...

nextweek/month/Friday/...

thismorning/afternoon/evening/week/term/...;tonight

inaweek=>in+一段时间;注意划线的提问词用howsoon

inthefuture

fourdayslater=>一段时间+later

sb.hope/wish+宾语从句（将来时）

e.g.OurChineseteacherisgoingtogive（give）aspeechthisFriday.

否定句：

OurChineseteacherisn'tgoingtogiveaspeechthisFriday.

一般疑问句：

IsourChineseteachergoingtogiveaspeechthisFriday?

肯定回答：

Yes,heis.

否定回答：

No,heisn't.

画线提问：

Whenishegoingtogiveaspeech?

Topic1

1.seesb.dosth.“看到某人做了某事（强调过程，经常发生）”

seesb.doingsth.“看到某人在做某事（强调瞬间，偶尔发生）”

类似用法的动词还有：

find;watch;hear;notice

e.g.WejustfoundTomreadingabookinhisstudy.

Mr.Greenoftenhearsthelittlegirlplaythepiano.

2.during（介词）thesummerholidays

p.s.介词后跟动词，动词应加ing。

常见介词有：

in,for,of,at,by,on,about……

3.playagainst“与……对抗（比赛）”fightagainst“为反对……而斗争”

4.thisterm/week/month/year/summerholiday/Sunday/Monday/...将来时

nextterm/week/month/year/summerholiday/Sunday/Monday/...将来时

lastterm/week/month/year/summerholiday/Sunday/Monday/...过去时

5.cheersb.on“为某人加油”cheersb.up“使某人振作起来”

6.preferdoingsth.todoingsth.“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”

prefersth.tosth.“喜欢某物胜过某物”

prefertodosth.thandosth.“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”

7.goswimming/shopping/fishing/mountainclimbing/skating/skiiing/rowing/...

8.sb./sth.+be+数词+量词+形容词

e.g.Theriveris300kilometerslong.==>Howlongistheriver?

9.playfor“为……（球队）效力”

10.sb.begoingtobe+职业　whensb.growup

sb.wanttobe+职业　whensb.growup

11.Ｏneof+形容词最高级　+　名词复数　+　谓语单数

e.g.Oneofthegreatestwonders,theGreatWall,liesinthenorthofChina.

12.breaktheOlympicrecord“打破奥运会记录”

13.winthegoldmedal“获得金牌”

14.giveupdoingsth.“放弃做某事”

15.Whatashame!

Whatapity!

16.“参加”join“加入某组织、政党、团体、俱乐部等等并成为其中一员”

takepartin“参加某活动”

　joinin“参加某活动或加入某一群人中”

17.“花费”sb.spendsomemoney/timeonsth.

sb.spendsomemoney/time（in）doingsth.

sb.paysomemoneyforsth.

sth.costsb.somemoney

Ittakes/took/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.

18.begoodat=dowellin“擅长于”beweakin=dobadlyin

19.Thereis/aregoingtobe......=Therewillbe....

20.thelongjump“跳远”thehighjump“跳高”

21.makesb./sth.+形容词keepsb./sth.+形容词

makesb./sth.+名词keepsb./sth.+doingsth.

makesb./sht.+dosth.类似用法的动词有：

let;help

22.allovertheworld“全世界”

23.begoodfor“对……有益”

24.“到达”arrivein+　大地点　　　　　　　　　arriveat+小地点

　　　　　　gettoreach

“到那儿”　　arrivethere/getthere

25.China'snationalteam“中国国家队”

26.形容词以ed结尾和人搭配：

excited;interested;moved;bored

形容词以ing结尾修饰（事）物：

exciting;interesting;moving;boring

27.stayforlong“待很久”

28.leavefor……“动身前往……”　　　　leave……　for……　“离开……前往……”

Topic2

语法：

表示建议的句型：

Wouldyoumind（not）doingsth.?

“做某事你（不）介意吗？

”

WouldyoumindifI....?

“如果我做某事你不介意吗”

表示允许的回答：

Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./...

表示不允许的回答：

You'dbetternot./Sorry....

1.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?

=Couldyouhelpme?

=Couldyougivemeahand?

2.fallill;beill;getill

3.passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.“把某物递给某人”

　givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.

showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.

4.rightaway“立刻；马上”　=atonce=rightnow

5.somewhereelse

6.throw...around=throw...about=throw...hereandthere

7.managesth.oneself“自我管理”

8.Whatdoyoumeanby（介词）doingsth.?

“你那么做是什么意思”

9.shoutatsb.“对某人大吼”

　beangryatsth.“对某事生气”　　beangrywithsb.“对某人生气”

10.“也”either否定句、疑问句句末also动词前be或助动词后

　　　　　too肯定句句末，逗号隔开　aswell肯定句句末，不用逗号

11.doone'sbesttodosth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”

12.saysorry/hello/good-byetosb.　“向某人　说对不起/问好/道别”

I'msorryforwhatIsaid.　“我为我说过的话感到抱歉”

13.keepdoing“继续做”practicedoingsth.“练习做某事”

enjoydoing“喜欢做”lovedoing“喜欢做”

14.servethefood　“上菜”

turndown/up“把（音量）调低/高”turnon/off　“（电源）开/关”

15.so...that...“如此……以至于”　引导结果状语从句

sothat“以至于；以便”　　　　引导目的状语从句

16.startdoing“开始做（已经在做）”starttodo“开始去做（还没开始做）”

stopdoing“停止做”stoptodo“停下来去做”

rememberdoing“记得做过”remembertodo“记得去做”

forgetdoing“忘记做过”forgettodo“忘记去做”

finishdoing“做完”

e.g.Stoptalking!

Theworkersareverytired,sotheystoptohavearest.

Don'tforgettoturnofflightsbeforeyouleave.

Theoldmanforgotpayingsomemoneyforthecakes,sohediditagain.

17.so+形容词/副词+that“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句

sothat“以便，为的是”引导目的状语从句

e.g.ThecoatlookssonicethatMrs.Brownwantstotakeit.

18.moreandmorepopular“越来越流行”

“越来越……”有两种表达法：

1.形容词比较级and形容词比较级；如：

tallerandstronger;betterandbetter;

2.the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级；如：

themore,thebetter

19.“代替”insteadof介词短语taketheplaceof动词短语instead副词

e.g.TomwilltaketheplaceofJacktogiveaspeech.

=TomwillgiveaspeechinsteadofJack.

Jackwasillandhadtostayinbed.SoTomwillgiveaspeechinstead.

20.Runninghelpstobuildmeup.

注：

动词不能放句首作主语，需加ing变为动名词，而且被看成为一个整体，谓语单数！

e.g.Doingmoringexercisesisgoodforourhealth.

21.have（great）fundoingsth.“做某事有乐趣”

e.g.Childrenhavefunplayingwithdogs.

Topic3

时态：

一般将来时

结构：

主语+willdosth.====>适用于任何人称

搭配词：

tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,in+一段时间，nextSunday/week/year/...,

thismorning/afternoon/evening/year/week/month/...,tonight,inthefuture

e.g.Herunclewillvisitherinthreedays.===>Howsoonwillherunclevisither?

1.bereadyforsth.bereadytodosth.

getreadyforsth.getreadytodosth.

2.maybe“也许，可能”副词，可放句首maybe“也许是，可能是”作谓语动词

e.g.Maybeheisadoctor.=Hemaybeadoctor.

3.makefriends

4.Let'smakeithalfpastsix.

5.take（some）photos

6.winfirstplace

7.crossthefinishline

8.beableto“能”只表示能力，可以用于多种时态

can“能;可以;可能”除了表示能力，还可以表示允许，猜测。

除了原形，只有过去式could

9.improveourenvironment

10.asymbolof“……的标志”

e.g.AdragonisasymboloftheChinesenation.

11.standfor“代表；象征”

e.g.Thefullmoonstandsforfamiliesgettingtogether.

UnitTwo

语法：

情态助动词：

can/could;may/might;should;must;haveto;hadbetter;

nded;dare;oughtto;

1.can①“能”能力②“可以”允许③“可能”猜测

2.may①“可能”猜测②“可以”允许，征求同意

3.must①“必须”义务；mustn't“不得”禁止②“一定；准是”猜测

表示请求，客气或正式程度：

might>may>could>can

表示猜测，可能性：

must>can>could>may>might

must提问时，否定回答是：

—Mustwe……?

—No,youdon'thaveto./No,youneedn't.

“必须”must（除了过去时might外）没有时态、人称和数的变化;主观看法

　　　　　　haveto有时态、人称和数的变化;客观需要

hadbetter的否定hadbetternot

Topic1

1.haveaheadache/toothache/backache/stomachache/cough/cold/fever

havetheflu;havescoreeyes

2.I'msorrytohearthat.===>主语+be+形容词+todosth.

e.g.Asagirlsheisafraidtowalkinthestreetatmidnight.

3.seeadoctor/dentist

4.Ihopeyouwillgetwellsoon.

5.What'swrongwithyou?

=What'sthematter/troublewithyou?

What'sup?

6.drinkplentyofboiledwater

“许多的”可以用来修饰可数或不可数名词：

lotsof;alotof;plentyof;agreatnumberof;

7.liftheavythings

8.stayinbed

9.haveagoodsleep

10.—Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?

—Twodays.完整的回答是：

Ihavebeenlikethisfortwodays.

11.takesb.tothehospital

12.dayandnight

13.feellikedoingsth.“想要做某事”

14.drinkhotteawithhoney

15.ontheInternet

16.takecareofsb.=lookaftersb.=careforsb.（carefor除了照顾，还有关爱的意思）

takegoodcareofsb.=lookaftersb.well=careforsb.well

17.checksth.over（again）“检查”

18.takethese（cold）pills;takethe（Chinese）medicine

19.Twopillseachtime,threetimesaday.

20.worryabout=beworriedabout

21.Stayinbedanddon'tmoveyourlegtoomuch.

22.Followthedoctor'sadvice.=Takethedoctor'sadvice.

23.haveanaccident“发生意外”

24.askfortwoweeks'leave“请假两周”

25.returntoschoolsoon“尽快返校”

“归还”return=give...back“返回”return=goback

26.Yoursincerely,“你真诚地”

27.eathotfood

TopicTwo

1.Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.动名词作主语当作一个整体，谓语须单数

stayuplate“熬夜”

2.domorningexercise“做早操”keepfingernailslong“留长指甲”

3.washhandsbeforemeals

4.gotoschoolwithoutbreakfast

5.Youmustnotreadinthesun.

giveupdoingsth.

6.readanarticleinthenewspaperaboutsmoking

7.Walkingisagoodexercise.

8.showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.

9.putlitterintothedustbin

throwlitteraround/about/hereandthere

10.Breakfastgivesyouenergyforthemorning.givesb.energyfor...

11.enough作形容词修饰名词放前面；作副词修饰形容词或其他副词要后置

e.g.Nowtheyhaveenoughtimetorepairthemachine.

Hedoesn'tthinkthatthisbookisinterestingenough.

12.Gotobedearlyandgetupearly.Itwillkeepyouactiveduringtheday.

13.Somethingiswrongwith...=Thereissomethingwrongwith...

不定代词做主语，谓语单数

14.exerciseforalongtimeonanemptystomach

15.“穿过”throughforest/window　内部;　　　acrossstreet/bridge/desert　交叉

16.keeptheairfresh“保持通风”keepawayfrom“远离”

17.drinksourmilk

haveanillness

brushone'eteethtwiceaday

18.spitinpublic

19.Asweknow,goodhealthismoreimportantthanwealth.

20.Weshouldeatmorefruitandvegetablesandlessmeat.

21.havehealthyeatinghabits

22.asweknow

23.kindsof

24.Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.“做某事对某人来说……”

Itis+形容词+ofsb.todosth.“做某事某人……”

e.g.ItisdifficultforTomtosolvethemathproblemin3minutes

ItisverykindofTomtohelptheoldmancarrytheheavybox.

TopicThree

1.Hurryup!

hurrytodosth.=dosth.inahurry

2.goahead口语中意思为“继续（说吧）;开始”

3.Thefluisspreadingquicklyamongpeoplethesedays.

4.preventsb.（from）doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”

=stopsb.（from）doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”

=keepsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”

keepsb.doingsth.　　“让某人一直做某事”

5.crowdedplaces

6.changeourclothesoften

7.Just/Waitamoment/minute/second,please.=Holdon,please.

8.Could/MayIspeaktosb.?

9.examineapatient

10.ringsb.up=call/telephone/phonesb.=givesb.acall/ring“打电话给某人”

callsb.back“给某人回电话”

11.leaveamessage“留口信”;takeamessage“捎口信”;

givesb.themessage“给某人带口信”

12.giveatalk;Beontime.fastfood

13.causeaccide