完整word版研究生英语听说教程第三版听力原文.docx

完整word版研究生英语听说教程第三版听力原文.docx

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完整word版研究生英语听说教程第三版听力原文

UINT1SECTIONC

Haveyouwishedyouwerebetteratmakingaconversation?

Agreatconversationalistissomeonewhoconnectswithpeopleandmakesthemfeelimportant.Whentheytalktoyou,theymakeyoufeellikeyou'retheonlypersonintheroom.

Becomingagoodconversationalistrequiresknowingthreethings:

first,howtostartaconversation;second,howtokeepitgoing;andthird,howtoendit.

Startingaconversationusuallymeanscomingupwithanopeninglineoricebreaker.Thebestkindoficebreakerisonethat'spositive.Acomplimentisalwaysagoodicebreakerandwillusuallybeappreciated.Anynewseventisagoodicebreaker.Thefactis,anyopeninglinewilldo,aslongasit'snotnegative,andaslongasit'snotalie.Thebestwaytoenticeapersontohaveaconversationwithyouisbybeingsincereandrespectful,andlettingthemknowthatyouareinterestedintalkingtothem.

Onceyou'vegotaconversationgoing,thebestwaytokeepitgoingisbyaskingtheotherpersonquestionsthatdon'trequirejustayesornoanswer.Askquestionssimilartothoseareportermightasktodrawapersonout;who,what,when,where,whyandhowquestions.Youkeepaskingquestionsbasedonthelastthingapersonsays.Thisiscalledthe"elaborationtechnique".Onceyouhitonsomethingyoufindinteresting,keepaskingquestionsinordertogetthepersontoelaborateaboutthetopicasmuchaspossible.Agoodconversationalistelaboratesontheexperiencesthey'vehad.Insteadofsayingthepartywasfun,tellwhyitwasfun.Describewhyyouhadagoodtime—whowasthere,whathappened,whereitwas,andhowpeoplearrangedtheparty.Gointodetail.Descriptionisthebestformofcommunicationbecauseitkeepspeople'sinterestupandstimulatesthem.

Ifyoustartedaconversationwithanotherperson,andyou'rehavingdifficultyendingit,thereareseveralsignalsyoucansendtotheotherpersonthatwillbringtheconversationtoitsclosewithouthurtinganyone'sfeelings.

Breakingeyecontactisadiscreetsignalthattheconversationisabouttoend.Anotherwaytosignalistousetransitionwordslikewell,oratanyrate.Youmaywanttorecapallthatwassaid.Whateveryoudo,don'tlietotheotherperson.Ifyou'renotinterestedintalkingtothemagain,don'tmentionthepossibilityofafuturemeetingjusttobepolite.That'shypocritical.Instead,youmaywanttosay,"Nicemeetingyou."Andthen,leave.

Finally,besuretogivetheotherpersonagood,firmhandshake.Thefinalimpressionyoumakecanbejustasimportantastheinitialoneyoumade.

UINT3SECTIONB

FirstStory

MyhusbandandImetinhighschool.Duringoursenioryear,westudiesbiologytogether.Wetalkedandlaughedalotduringclass.OneFriday,weJokedthatweshouldgoonadatethatnight.Atfirst,Ididn'tknowifhewasserious.Hedidn'tknowifIwasjoking.ThatnightIputonanewdressandwaited.Hehadamoredifficulttime.HehadtoknockonthedoorwithoutknowingifIwouldbereadyornot.Butheknocked,andIwasready!

Thatwasourfirstdate.Thisyear,wecelebratedourfortiethweddinganniversary'

SecondStory

MyhusbandandImetonedayatanairport.ItwasChristmasday.IwaspickingupmyfriendBernd.HewascomingfromGermanytospendtheholidayswithmyfamily.Whilewewerewaitingforhisluggage,IheardamanspeakinginItalian.IdecidedtosaysomethingtohimbecauseIspeakItalian.Isaid,"BuonNatale"whichmeans,"MerryChristmas!

"WhenIspokeinItalian,hesaid,"Mamamia!

WhydoyouspeakItalian?

Whoareyou?

"Heaskedmeformyphonenumber.Hecalledmethenextday,andwedatedforayear.Thenwegotmarried.Sobecarefulwhoyoutalktointheairport!

ThirdStory

MywifeandImetthroughourparents.Ourparentsarrangedourmarriage.Beforewegotmarried,mywifeandIwantedtomeet.Ourparentsarrangedourfirstmeetinginarestaurant.Thatnight,wetalkedaboutourselvesandwhatwewantedinourlives.Wetalkedforhours.Wesharedourhopesanddreams.Afterawhile,wedecidedthatourparentswereright!

Andwegotmarried.

FourthStory

Mywifeand1metthroughamatchmaker.I'manengineer,andinmyfield,mostpeoplearemen.Icouldn'tmeetanywomenatwork.SoonedayIsawanadvertisementforamatchmakingservice,andIdecidedtocall.Thematchmakerintroducedmetomanynicewomen.Ienjoyedmeetingthem,butIdidn'tmeetanyoneIwantedtomarry.Finally,sheintroducedmetomywife.IdecidednottodateanyotherwomenbecauseIlikedherverymuch.Weenjoyedthesamethings,andwelaughedalottogether.Wealsohadthesamegoalsandvaluesinlife.MywifeandIweremarriedsixyearsago,andnowwehavetwochildren.I'mgladIpickedupthephoneandcalledthatmatchmaker!

UINT3SECTIONC

AmongmarriedcouplesintheU.S.,onefindsawiderangeoflivingpatterns.Someoldercouplesstillhavetraditionalmarriages,withthemanasbreadwinnerandthewomanashomemaker.Butmostyoungerwomentodayarenotcontenttobefull-timehomemakers.Thewomen'sliberationmovement,whichsweptthecountryinthe1960s,changedattitudesandbehaviorforever.Today'syoungAmericanwomanwantsmarriage,butshealsowantsherownidentity.Shewantswhatmenhavealwayshad—amarriagethatisimportantbutstillallowstimetopursueindividualgoals.ThemaJorityofAmericanwives,eventhosewithchildren,workoutsidethehome-Asaresult,theolderideathathousework,cooking,andchildcareare"women'swork"isbeingdiscarded.InthecontemporaryAmericanmarriage,thehusbandandwifesharebothfinancialanddomesticresponsibilities.

Sharingmoney-makingandhousekeepingresponsibilitiesprovidesabetterlifeforthefamily.Ofcourse,problemscandevelopinthetwo-incomefamilyifthehusbandexpectshisworkingwifetobetheperfecthomemakerthathisstay-at-homemotherwas-Also,theremaybeargumentsifthewifeexpectsherhusbandtohelpwithhouseholdchores,butheisunwillingtodoso.Inmostfamilies,theworkingwifeprobablystillhandlesthelargestshareofthehousework,cooking,andchildcare.butshegetssomehelpfromherhusband.

ThecontemporaryAmericanmarriageisalsocharacterizedbyarelationshipofequalityandshareddecisionmaking.MostAmericanwomentodaywillnottolerateahusbandwhoconsidershimselftheboss.TheAmericangirlisgivenfreedomandeducationequaltoaboy's.Aftercompletinghereducation,sheisabletogetajobandsupportherself.Shedoesnotneedtomarryforfinancialsecurity.Sheisself-sufficientandwillnotacceptasubmissiveroleinmarriage.Whenhusbandandwifeareabletosharedecisionmakingandrespecteachother'sviewpoints,theirmarriageisprobablycloserthanthoseofpastgenerations.Whentheybattlefordominance,they'relikelytoendupindivorcecourt.

UINT4SECTIONB

“Ringouttheold,ringinthenew,”wroteAlfred,LordTennyson,thenineteenth-centuryEnglishpoet.Andthat'sexactlywhatAmericansdoeveryDecember31.NewYear'sEveisatimefornoiseandfun-Athomeorinrestaurants,mostAmericansdrinkanddinewithfriends-AtmidnightonNewYear'sEve,bellsring,hornsblow,andfriendstoasteachotherwithchampagne.It'salsocustomarytoexchangekisses.NewYear'sEvefestivitiesoftencontinueuntiltwoorthreeo'clockinthemorning.Manypeopletravelfromonepartytoanothertocelebratewithseveraldifferentgroupsoffriends

Thecountry'smostcrowdedNewYear'sEvecelebrationtakesplaceinNewYorkCity'sTimesSquare.Since1907,thefamousball-loweringceremonyhasbeenaholidayhighlight.Tocelebratethearrivaloftheyear2000,anestimated2millionpeoplecrowdedintoTimesSquare,andhundredsofmillionviewedthesceneonTVThehuge,1,070-poundlightedcrystalballbeganitsdescentfroma77-footflagpoleat11:

59p.m.andreachedthebottomatexactlymidnight.Simultaneously,confetti,balloons,andfireworksbrightenedthenightsky.Itwasthebiggestpubliceventeverheldinthecity.

WhatdoAmericansdoonNewYear'sDay?

Manysleeplatebecausetheystayedupallnightlong.ManywatchTVwhichoffersspectacularparadesandfootballgamesbetweenchampioncollegeteams.Fromancienttimestothepresent.NewYear'scustomshavebeenconnectedwithsayinggood-byetothepastandlookingforwardtoabetterfuture.Therefore,NewYear'sDayofteninspirespeopletostartnewprogramsandgiveupbadhabits.SomepeoplemakeNewYear'sresolutions.Peopletalkabout"turningoveranewleaf",referringtoaclean,blankpageorafreshstart.TypicalNewYear'sresolutionsaretospendlessmoney,giveupsmoking,beginadiet,orbenicertoothers.It'ssafetoassumethatabouthalfofthemareforgottenbyJanuary31'

UINT4SECTIONC

Itwasacoolautumnevening.Mrs.Brownwassittinginherlivingroom,reading.Suddenly,therewasaloudknockonherdoor,thentwoorthreemoreknocks.Mrs.Brownputthesafetychainonherdoor.Thensheopenedthedooralittleandlookedout.Therestoodthreechildrenwearingmasksandcostumes.Whentheysawher,theyallshouted,"Trickortreat!

Moneyoreats!

"

Mrs,Browndroppedacandybarintoeachchild'sbag.

"Thanksforthecandy,"shoutedthechildrenastheyranofftoringanotherdoorbell-

"You'rewelcome,"saidMrs.Brown."Havefun,anddon'tplayanypranks."

EveryyearonOctober31.HalloweensceneslikethisoccurthroughouttheUSA.Americanchildrenlovetodressupincostumesandgotrick-or-treating.Ifanadultrefusestosupplyatreat—candy,cookies,fruit,ormoney—thechildrenmayplayatrick.TypicalHalloweenpranksaresoapingwindows,writingondoorswithcrayons,overturning