湖北省黄冈市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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湖北省黄冈市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
湖北省黄冈市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
Ifyou’relookingforjoyful,open-endedexperienceswithmaththatdevelopcuriosityandpattern-findingforyourkids,thefollowingwebsiteactivitiesmaybehelpful.
WhichOneDoesn'tBelongbyMaryBourassaisinspiredbyChristopherDanielson”bookofthesamename.Theconceptissimple:
therearefournumbers,shapes,orgraphs,andyouhavetofindareasoneachoneistheodd(不合规律的)oneout.Ifthenumbersare9,16.25,and43,youcouldsay9istheoddoneoutbecauseithasonlyonedigit«16istheoddoneoutbecauseit’sanevennumber,25istheoddoneoutbecauseitdoesnotendinamultipleofthree,or43istheoddoneoutbecauseitisnotasquare.
●MathArtChallengebyAnniePerkinsisanopen-endedwaytoexploremathbycreatingpatterns.Perkinsissharingdailyprompt(提示词toinspiremathematicalplayeverythingfromgeometryconstructionstotoiletpaperrollpolyhedral(多面体)andotherparticipantsaresharingtheircreationsonsocialmedia.
●BookzoompabyPaulaKrieg,hasawealthofpaper-foldingactivitiesthatengagewithmathematics.Kriegrecentlymailedmeabeautifulexampleofoneofthemorechallengingcraftsshe'swrittenaboutonherblog。
.Youmightwanttotrysomeofhersimplercraftsfirst,likepentagonsandstars.
●BigLock-DownMath-OffbyAperiodicalisaversionofthesummermathcommunicationcompetitiontheyhaverunforthepastcoupleofyears.Participantssubmitwrite-upsoffavoritebitsofmath,andreaderscanvoteontheirfavorites.Ibelievesubmissionsarestillopenifyouwanttotakepartinit.
1.HowdoestheauthorexplainthewayWhichOneDoesn'tBelongworks?
A.Bygivinganexample.B.Byprovidingstatistics.
C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byintroducingresearchfindings.
2.WhatcanonelearnfollowingAnniePerkins?
A.Towritearticles.B.Tocreatepatterns.
C.Todopaperfolding.D.Tofindtheoddoneout.
3.Inwhichactivitycanoneparticipateinacompetition?
A.WhichOneDoesn'tBelong.B.MathArtChallenge,
C.Bookzoompa.D.BigLock-DownMath-Off.
AKidZaniaopenedinFrisco,TexasonNovember23,2019.Theindoorplayareaisuniquebecauseitpromisestoteachchildrenabouttherealworld—whiletheyhaveagreattime!
AKidZaniaisaninteractivemini-citycreatedforchildrenbetween4and14yearsold,wheretheycanwalkfreely,exploringvariousactivities.Thegoalisforthemtolearnabouttheworldthroughrealisticrole-play.That'swhyyou'llfindtheaters,shops,andofficebuildingsinsidethecitywallsalongwithpedestriansandtinyvehicles.
Attheseplaces,kidscanspendabout20minutespersessionbeingfirefighters,mailcarriers,constructionworkers,dentists,nailtechnicians,bankers,orevenbroadcastjournalists.
Ifakidwantstobeadoctororseewhatit'sliketobeaveterinarian(兽医),theycangetatasteofit,saidMikeLaudizio,KidZania's”mayor(市长)”andgeneralmanager.
Theygettheirhandsinit,anditreallygivesthemthefreedomtoexplorethecity.”
Sincechildrenlearnbestbydoing,theyaremorelikelytoleaveKidZaniawithanewfoundappreciationfordifferentjobsandabettergraspofhowtheworldworks.Bestofall,whilethekidswork,theyearnKidZosbydoingtheirjobswellorbyachievingsmallgoalslikewashingtheirhandsorparticipatinginbrandedactivities.TheyhavethechoiceofcashinginfortoysandcandyatthegiftshoporsavingupintheKidZaniabankforanotherday.
Ouronlyquestioniswhenoneofthesewillopenforadults.Thisplacelooksgreatfun,anditcanteachkidsimportantlessonsabouttheworldwelivein.Let'shopemoreKidZaniasopenintheU.S.
4.WhatisaKidZania?
A.Amini-city.B.Akid-carecenter.
C.Aninterestingplay.D.Acharityproject.
5.WhatcankidsdoinaKidZania?
A.Workasmayorofacity.
B.Learnthroughrealisticrole-play.
C.Shadowpeopleindifferentoccupations.
D.Attendlecturesabouthowtheworldworks.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“KidZos”inParagraph5referto?
A.Abrandname.B.Akindofbusiness.
C.Toyssoldintheshop.D.Moneyinthemini-city.
7.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardstheKidZania?
A.Skeptical.B.Curious.C.Admiring.D.Worried.
Wesacrificeourpoweroffullpresencewhenwe'remultitasking,andwedosoforabenefitofimprovedproductivitythatsimplydoesn'texist.Multitaskingisamyth(虚构的东西).
Researchindicatesthatmultitaskersareactuallylesslikelytobeproductive,yettheyfeelmoreemotionallysatisfiedwiththeirwork.We'renotactuallyaccomplishingwhatwethinkweare—we'vebeenfoolingourselves.
Infact,researchalsoshowsthatmultitasking,i.e.tryingtodotwocognitive(认知的)thingsatthesametime,simplycan'tbedone—theminddoesn'tworkthatway.Eventryingtodoacognitiveactivityandamoreautomaticactivityatthesametimedoesn’treallywork.That’swhytheNationalTransportationSafetyBoardreportsthattextingwhiledrivingistheequivalent(等同之物)ofdrivingwithablood-alcohollevelthreetimesthelegallimit.
Webelievewe'reeffectiveatmultitaskingwheninrealitywe’regoodatwhatresearcherscall“task-switching”.EarlMiller,aprofessoratMIT,says,“Switchingfromtasktotask,youthinkyou'reactuallypayingattentiontoeverythingaroundyouatthesametime.Butyou'reactuallynot.”Thebrainisforcedtoswitchamongmultiplecognitivetasksasthesetasksusethesamepartofthebrain.
Infact,researchindicatesupto40percentofproductivitycouldbelostduetotask-switching.Itactuallytakesmoretimetocompletethetasksyoureswitchingbetweenandyoumakemoreerrorsthanwhenyoufocusondoingonetaskatatimeinorder.
AStanfordstudyconfirmedthisbyshowingthatthosewhomultitaskareindeedworseperformers.Studieshaveshownthatittakesfourtimeslongerforthebraintorecognizenewthings,furtherslowingclowntaskcompletionandthatwehaveamuchlowerretention(保留)rateofwhatwelearnwhilewearemultitasking.
8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Task-switchingmakesbetterperformersatwork.
B.Wetakemultitaskingfortask-switchingbymistake.
C.Wefeelgoodaboutwhatwedowhilemultitasking.
D.Ourbrainfocusesondifferenttaskswhenwemultitask,
9.WhatmightEarlMilleragree?
A.Wecan'tforceourbraintomultitask.
B.Weshouldpayattentiontoeverythingaroundus.
C.Wecanoccupydifferentpartsofthebrainwithdifferenttasks.
D.Weshouldn'ttaketextingwhiledrivingastheequivalentofdrunkdriving.
10.Forwhatpurposeisthetextwritten?
A.Tointroduceanewapproach.
B.Tocomparedifferentresearchfindings.
C.Tocorrectacommonmisunderstanding.
D.Toanalyzetheconsequenceofasocialphenomenon.
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Multitaskingisamyth
B.Fullpresenceisimpossible
C.Cognitivetasksaretime-consuming
D.Task-switchingimprovesproductivity
NASAisstudyingwaystobuildhumanhabitationsontheRedPlanet.In2016,SpaceXpubliclyannouncedaplantobeginbuildingsettlementsMars.Thismission(任务)couldputpeopleonMarsby2026.ThisiswhyastrobiologystudentsatVillanovabegantheirMarsGardensproject,investigatingwhichplantsandvegetablescangrowinironoxide-richMartiansoilsimulant(模拟物).
Afewbillionyearsago,Marshadabetterenvironment,completewithoceans,amildclimateandquitepossibly—life.Ithassincelostmostofitsatmosphereandwaterandthere'scurrentlynowateronitssurface.Water(orice)ispresentbeneaththesurface,however,aswellasintheplanet'sicypolarareas.ThetoughconditionsonMarsmakeitnecessaryforallplantstobegrowninheated,pressurizedgreenhouseswithsignificantcompensations(补充)madeforatmosphere,wetnessandwater.
Intheirgreenhouseexperiments,theVillanovastudentstookmeasurestocreateanenvironmentthat'sbothplant-friendlyandsimilartowhatwouldbefoundingreenhousesonMars.Theymadesure,forexamplethatplantsreceivedroughlythesameamountofsunlightastheywouldonMars.ThestudentsfoundthattheirsuccessratesimprovebyusingmultiwavelengthLEDsandaddingpottingsoilorearthwormfeces.
Thestudentswereabletogetcertainvegetablesfromconsideration.Forexample,thelowlightonMarsdoesnotlenditselfwelltogrowingplantsthatrequirefullsun,whichincludefavoritesliketomatoes,beans,cornormanyrootplants.Carrotsalsodon'tmakethecut.Potatoeslargelydon'tthriveinthesimulantsoilandlowlightconditions,butsweetpotatoesdoalittlebetter.
Thestudentsfoundthatdandelions(蒲公英)wouldgrowwellonMarsandhavesignificantbenefits:
theygrowquickly,everypartoftheplantiseatable,andtheyhavehighnutritionalvalue.Otherthrivingplantsincludemicrogreens,lettuce,peasandsoon.
12.WhatdothestudentsatVillanovaintendtodowiththeirproject?
A.DesignspacecraftsfortheMarsmission.
B.ChoosepossibleplantstobegrownonMars.
C.StudyreasonsforenvironmentalchangesonMars.
D.TestmodelsofhumansettlementstobesetuponMars.
13.WhatistheenvironmentonMarslike?
A.Theairpressureislow.B.Thetemperatureishigh.
C.Thesoilisplant-friendly,D.Thesunlightisabundant.
14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrive”inParagraph4mean?
A.Havehighnutrition.B.Requirefullsun.
C.Growwell.D.Adjusttotheconditions.
15.WhichislikelytogrowbestonMars?
A.Tomatoes.B.Carrots.C.Potatoes.D.Dandelions.
二、七选五
MattOwensofNewZealandwasoutmindinghisownbusinessonedaywhenhecameacrossaninjuredmagpieonthesideoftheroad.Thepoorbirdlookedcompletelyalone.16.
Afterspendingplentyoftimecaringforhisnewfriend,whomhen