IEC 60076-2-2011.pdf

IEC 60076-2-2011.pdf

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IEC60076-2INTERNATIONALSTANDARDNORMEINTERNATIONALEPowertransformers-Part2:

Temperatureriseforliquid-immersedtransformersTransformateursdepuissance-Edition3.02011-02colourinsidePartie2:

EchauffementdestransformateursimmergesdansleliquideCopyrightInternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithIEC-,NoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSUcensee=VocationalTrainingCouncil/5924389100NotforResale,03/11/201120:

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31MST-2-60076-2IEC:

2011CONTENTSFOREWORD.41Scope.62Normativereferences.63Termsanddefinitions.64Coolingmethods.84.1Identificationsymbols.84.2Transformerswithalternativecoolingmethods.95Normalcoolingconditions.95.1Air-cooledtransformers.95.2Water-cooledtransformers.106Temperatureriselimits.106.1General.106.2Temperatureriselimitsatratedpower.106.3Modifiedrequirementsforspecialcoolingconditions.126.3.1General.126.3.2Air-cooledtransformers.126.3.3Water-cooledtransformers.136.4Temperatureriseduringaspecifiedloadcycle.137Temperaturerisetests.137.1General.137.2Temperatureofthecoolingmedia.137.2.1Ambienttemperature.137.2.2Watertemperature.147.3Testmethodsfortemperaturerisedetermination.147.3.1General.147.3.2Testbyshort-circuitmethodfortwowindingtransformers.147.3.3Testmodificationforparticulartransformers.157.4Determinationofliquidtemperatures.167.4.1Top-liquidtemperature.167.4.2Bottomandaverageliquidtemperatures.177.5Determinationoftop,averageandbottomliquidtemperaturerises.187.6Determinationofaveragewindingtemperature.187.7Determinationofwindingresistanceattheinstantofshutdown.197.8Determinationofaveragewindingtemperatureriseattheinstantofshutdown.197.9Determinationoftheaveragewindingtoliquidtemperaturegradient.197.10Determinationofthehot-spotwindingtemperaturerise.207.10.1General.207.10.2Determinationbycalculation.207.10.3Directmeasurementduringthetemperaturerisetest.207.11Uncertaintiesaffectingtheresultsofthetemperaturerisetest.217.12Dissolvedgas-in-oilanalysis.217.13Corrections.21AnnexA（informative）Hot-spotwindingtemperaturerisedeterminationforOFAFandOFWFcooledtransformersbasedonthetop-liquidtemperatureintank.23AnnexB（informative）Methodstoestimatethehot-spotwindingtemperaturerises.25CopyrightInternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithIECNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSLicensee=VocationalTrainingCouncil/5924389100NotforResale,03/11/201120:

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2011-3-AnnexC（informative）Techniquesusedintemperaturerisetestingofliquid-immersedtransformers.30AnnexD（informative）Dissolvedgasesanalysisforthedetectionoflocaloverheating.39AnnexE（informative）Applicationofopticalfibresensorsforwindinghot-spotmeasurements.43Bibliography.47FigureB.1-TemperaturerisedistributionmodelforONcoolingmethods.26FigureB.2-ValueoffactorQasafunctionofratedpowerandstrandheight（W）.27FigureB.3-Typicalliquidflowpathsinadiskwindingwithdivertingwashers.28FigureC.1-Recommendedcircuitfortransformerswithalowresistancewindingusingtwoseparatedirectcurrentsources,oneforeachwinding.32FigureC.2-Alternativerecommendedcircuitusingonlyonedirectcurrentsourceforbothwindings.32FigureC.3-Averagewindingtemperaturevariationaftershutdown.33FigureC.4-Extrapolationofthecoolingdowncurve,usingthefittingcurve-t!

Tw0w（t）=A0-kt+Be.38FigureE.1-Opticalfibresensorapplicationforadiskwindingofcoretypetransformer.45FigureE.2-Opticalfibresensorapplicationforatransposedcableofcoretypetransformer.45FigureE.3-Modalityofopticalfibresensorapplicationinthewindingspacerofcoretypetransformer.46FigureE.4-Opticalfibresensorapplicationforhighvoltagewindingofshelltypetransformer.46Table1-Temperatureriselimits.11Table2-Recommendedvaluesoftemperaturerisecorrectionsincaseofspecialserviceconditions.12Table3-Exponentsforthecorrectionsoftemperaturerisetestresults.22TableA.1-Hot-spotwindingtemperaturerisesforsomespecifictransformersdeterminedfromconventionalheatruntestdatacombinedwithcalculatedhot-spotwindingtemperaturerise,andfromdirectfibre-opticmeasurements.24TableC.1-Exampleofcoolingdowncurvecalculationspreadsheet.37Table0.1-MinimumdetectablevalueS0ofgasesinoil.40Table0.2-Admissiblelimitsforgasrateincreases.41TableE.1-Minimumrecommendednumberofsensorsforthree-phasetransformers.43TableE.2-Minimumrecommendednumberofsensorsforsingle-phasetransformers.43CopyrightInternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithIECNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSLicensee=VocationalTrainingCouncil/5924389100NotforResale,03/11/201120:

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31MST-4-60076-2IEC:

2011INTERNATIONALELECTROTECHNICALCOMMISSIONPOWERTRANSFORMERSPart2:

Temperatureriseforliquid-immersedtransformersFOREWORD1）TheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission（IEC）isaworldwideorganizationforstandardizationcomprisingallnationalelectrotechnicalcommittees（IECNationalCommittees）.TheobjectofIECistopromoteinternationalco-operationonallquestionsconcerningstandardizationintheelectricalandelectronicfields.Tothisendandinadditiontootheractivities,IECpublishesInternationalStandards,TechnicalSpecifications,TechnicalReports,PubliclyAvailableSpecifications（PAS）andGuides（hereafterreferredtoasIECPublication（s）.Theirpreparationisentrustedtotechnicalcommittees;anyIECNationalCommitteeinterestedinthesubjectdealtwithmayparticipateinthispreparatorywork.International,governmentalandnongovernmentalorganizationsliaisingwiththeIECalsoparticipateinthispreparation.IECcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalOrganizationforStandardization（ISO）inaccordancewithconditionsdeterminedbyagreementbetweenthetwoorganizations.2）TheformaldecisionsoragreementsofIEContechnicalmattersexpress,asnearlyaspossible,aninternationalconsensusofopinionontherelevantsubjectssinceeachtechnicalcommitteehasrepresentationfromallinterestedIECNationalCommittees.3）IECPublicationshavetheformofrecommendationsforinternationaluseandareacceptedbyIECNationalCommitteesinthatsense.WhileallreasonableeffortsaremadetoensurethatthetechnicalcontentofIECPublicationsisaccurate,IECcannotbeheldresponsibleforthewayinwhichtheyareusedorforanymisinterpretationbyanyenduser.4）Inordertopromoteinternationaluniformity,IECNationalCommitteesundertaketoapplyIECPublicationstransparentlytothemaximumextentpossibleintheirnationalandregionalpublications.AnydivergencebetweenanyIECPublicationandthecorrespondingnationalorregionalpublicationshallbeclearlyindicatedinthelatter.5）IECitselfdoesnotprovideanyattestationofconformity.Independentcertificationbodiesprovideconformityassessmentservicesand,insomeareas,accesstoIECmarksofconformity.IECisnotresponsibleforanyservicescarriedoutbyindependentcertificationbodies.6）Allusersshouldensurethattheyhavethelatesteditionofthispublication.7）NoliabilityshallattachtoIECoritsdirectors,employees,servantsoragentsincludingindividualexpertsandmembersofitstechnicalcommitteesandIECNationalCommitteesforanypersonalinjury,propertydamageorotherdamageofanynaturewhatsoever,whetherdirectorindirect,orforcosts（includinglegalfees）andexpensesarisingoutofthepublication,useof,orrelianceupon,thisIECPublicationoranyotherIECPublications.8）AttentionisdrawntotheNormativereferencescitedinthispublication.Useofthereferencedpublicationsisindispensableforthecorrectapplicationofthispublication.9）AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisIECPublicationmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.IECshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.InternationalStandardIEC60076-2hasbeenpreparedbyIECtechnicalcommittee14:

Powertransformers.Thisthirdeditioncancelsandreplacesthesecondeditionpublishedin1993.Itisatechnicalrevision.Thiseditionincludesthefollowingsignificanttechnicalchangeswithrespecttothepreviousedition:

a）thestandardisapplicableonlytoliquidimmersedtransformers;bthewindinghot-spottemperatureriselimitwasintroducedamongtheprescriptions;c）themodalitiesforthetemperaturerisetestwereimprovedinrelationtothenewthermalrequirements;d）fiveinformativeannexeswereaddedinordertofacilitatethestandardapplication.CopyrightInternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithIECNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHSLicensee=VocationalTrainingCouncil/5924389100NotforResale,03/11/201120:

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2011-5-Thetextofthisstandardisbasedonthefollowingdocuments:

FDISReportonvoting14/669/FDIS14/676/RVDFullinformationonthevotingfortheapprovalofthisstandardcanbefoundinthereportonvotingindicatedintheabovetable.ThispublicationhasbeendraftedinaccordancewiththeISO/IECDirectives,Part2.AlistofallpartsoftheIEC60076seriescanbefound,underthegeneraltitlePowertransformers,ontheIECwebsite.ThecommitteehasdecidedthatthecontentsofthispublicationwillremainunchangeduntilthestabilitydateindicatedontheIECwebsiteunderhttp:

/webstore.iec.chinthedatarelatedtothespecificpublication.Atthisdate,thepublicationwillbereconfirmed,withdrawn,replacedbyarevisededition,oramended.IMPORTANT-Thecolourinsidelogo