精校Word版答案全辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学学年高一英语上学期质量试题.docx
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精校Word版答案全辽宁省沈阳市第一二〇中学学年高一英语上学期质量试题
辽宁省沈阳市重点中学2019-2020学年上学期第二次质量试题
高一英语
第
卷
第一部分:
听力(略)
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每篇短文后给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ItwasatleasttwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldAlmieRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbicycle.AsChristmasdrewnearer,herdesireforabicycleseemedtodie,orsowethought.Weboughtsomelovelydolls,andadollhouse.Then,muchtooursurpriseonDecember23rd,shesaidthatshe“reallywantedabikemorethananythingelse”.
Itwasjusttoolate,withallthedetailsofpreparingChristmasdinnerandbuyinglastminutegifts,totakethetimetoselectthe“rightbike”forourlittlegirl.ItwasChristmasEvearound9:
00pm.Almieandhersix-year-oldbrother,Dylan,laycomfortablyintheirbeds.Nowwecouldonlythinkofthebicycleandthedisappointmentofourchild.“WhatifImakealittlebicycleoutofclay(黏土)andwriteanotethatshecouldtradetheclaymodelforarealbike”herdadasked.“Thisisanexpensiveitemandsheis‘suchabiggirl,’itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopickitout.”Sohespentthenextfourhourspainstakingly(尽心地)workingwithclaytomakeatinybike.
OnChristmasmorning,wewereexcitedforAlmietoopenthelittleheart-shapedpackagewiththebeautifulredandwhiteclaybikeandthenote.Finally,sheopeneditandreadthenotealoud.“DoesthismeanthatItradethisbikethatDaddymademeforarealone?
”Beaming,Isaid,“Yes,”Almiehadtearsinhereyeswhenshereplied“IcouldnevertradeinthisbeautifulbicyclethatDaddymademe.I’dratherkeepthisthangetarealbike.”Atthatmoment,wewouldhavemovedheavenandearthtobuyhereverybicycleontheplanet!
21.Intheend,Almie’sparentsfailedtobuyheranewbicycleasaChristmasgiftbecause .
A.herdesireforabicycledisappearedgradually
B.theythoughtdollsweremoresuitableforherthanabike
C.shepreferredthebikemadeofclay
D.herparentshadnotimetoselecta“rightbike”forher
22.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthetext?
A.Theparentswerehappyandencouraged.
B.Theparentsfeltcomfortableandrelaxed.
C.Theparentsweremovedandfeltproudofthegirl.
D.Theparentsfeltdisappointedandsorryforthegirl.
23.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.AClayBike
B.AGreatandConsiderateFather
C.ALovelyLittleGirl
D.AnUnforgettableChristmasEve
B
Nowadays,peopleallovertheworldhavevariouswaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeover-the-counter(非处方的)medicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(治疗)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.However,hereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:
nothingreallycuresit.
Thenwhydopeoplesometimesstillbelievethattheirremedieswork?
AccordingtoJamesTaylor,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit’seasytobelieveit’smedicineratherthantimethatdeservestobepraised,USATodayreported.
Tomanyofus,itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingascommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral(抗病毒的)drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw(拼图),whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3-Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandevelopanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.
Thetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus(鼻病毒)AandB.Buttheydidn’tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemleadtothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBdon’tworkwellwhenusedagainstC.
“ThisaccountsformostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstThinovirus,”studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.
Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighly-detailed3-Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.
Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonitsway.Soon,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon’treallywork.
24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforcuringacommoncold?
A.Theyarereallyquiteeffective.
B.Theyareslightlyhelpful.
C.Theystillneedtobeimproved.
D.Theyactuallydon’twork.
25.Howdoantiviraldrugswork?
A.Byidentifyingthevirusesandbreakingthemupdirectly.
B.Byreshapingthetoplayersofthetargetcoldviruses.
C.Byattackingthevirusesoneafteranotherlikefinishingajigsaw.
D.Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusesatthesametime.
26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Thesurfaceofcoldviruseslooksquitesimilar.
B.Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.
C.Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusesisthekeytodevelopinganeffectivecure.
D.ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.
27.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.Drugsagainstcoldviruses
B.Helpfulhomeremedies
C.Nocurrentcureforcommoncold
D.Researchoncoldviruses
C
MybrotherStanleydiedlastJanuaryfromcancer,andIspentalotoftimewithhiminhospitaloverhislastfewmonths.Iwitnessedthecarehereceivedand,atthetime,Ithoughtitwaspoor.Itshockedandhurtme.
WhileStanleywassick,Iwasamedicalstudent.Ithereforehadaninvestment(投入)inthemedicalprofession.Itgavemeaninsider’sviewofthecareStanleyreceived,whenmostpeoplespendingtimewithaverysicklovedoneonlyhaveanoutsideview.However,asIseenow,itmademejudgethecarethathisdoctorsandnursesgavehimtooharshly(严厉地).
Weexperiencedlongwaitsinemergencydepartments,anddoctorswereunsureoftheparticularsofStanley’scase.Wewaitedaroundfordoctorstoarrive,buttheyseldomturnedup.ButworstofallwasStanley’sseniordoctor.Neartheend,heannouncedcoldlythattherewasnothinglefttotry.“Alltheoptionshavebeenused,”hesaid.Andwiththat,hedeparted(离开),nevertobeseenagain.
AllthisaffectedthewayIthoughtaboutmystudies.DidIwanttoworkinafieldwherepeopletreatedpatientsasiftheywerenumbersonachart?
AfterStanleypassedaway,Ifinishedmystudiesandgraduatedwithalltherestofthestudentsinmyyear.Theywentontogetjobsinhospitals,whileItookayearout.Isimplycouldn’tfaceworkinginmedicine.
Eventually,Iappliedforandgotapositionasacancerdoctorinabusyclinicinabigcity.NowIwasacancerdoctormyself,andIoftenhadtotellpatientsbadnews.Itisaterriblydifficultthingtoinformsomeonethattheyhaveagraveillness.IalsofoundthatIcouldn’talwaysanswerpatients’questions.Theywouldwanttoknowwhethertheycouldbecured,orhowlongtheywouldlivefor,butitwasn’talwayspossibletosay.
ItwasthenthatIunderstoodwhatadifficultjobhealthprovidersdo.ItmademethinkbacktomyencounterswithdoctorsandnurseswhenStanleywassick.PerhapswhatIhadthoughtwasunprofessionalismorcoldnesswasjustareflectionofthedemandingnatureofthework.IbegantoseemypatientsasStanley,andmyselfnolongerashissister,butoneofhiscaregivers.NowIwasintheirshoes–thepeoplewhospendeverydaycaringforothers.
IstillmissStanleyhorribly,butatleastnowtheangerhasgone.
28.Whywastheauthorupsetinhospital?
A.Itwastoolatetocureherbrother.
B.Thecaregivenwasfarbelowherexpectations.
C.Thetreatmentwastoopainfulfortheauthortobear.
D.Shecouldn’thelpthedoctorswithhermedicalknowledge.
29.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto______.
A.theinsider’sviewofthecare
B.thecareherbrotherreceived
C.theauthor’smedicalprofession
D.theauthor’slongstayinhospital
30.Theauthorwrotethisarticlemainlyto________.
A.giveadviceonhowtobecomeadoctor
B.stresstheimportanceofbeingacaregiverindailylife
C.sharehowshebecameadoctorafterherbrother’sdeath
D.explainhowherattitudetowardbeingacaregiverchanged
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项.
Whenweeatpotatochips,it’softendifficulttostopuntilthebag’sempty.Weopenabagofchips,andbeforeweknowit,they’reallgone.Sowhycan’twecontrolourselveswhenitcomestoeatingthissaltysnack?
31
ScientistsattheBethIsraelDeaconessMedicalCenterinBoston,US,foundthatcertainneurons(神经元)canmakeuswanttoeatsalt.
Theneuronstakenoteofwhetherourbodiesareshortofsodium(钠),themainpartofsalt.32
Tocometotheirconclusion,thescientistsdidexperimentsonmice.
Theyfoundthatwhenmicelacksodium,theirbodyproducesachemical.
33Moreresearchshowedthataddingsalttomealsmakespeopleenjoytheirfoodmore,whichmaycauseustocontinueeatingevenifwe’refull.
ScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliaaskedhealthypeopletoeatthesamefoodforlunchforfourweeks.34Atthesametime,thescientistsmeasuredhowmuchthesepeopleate.Theyalsoaskedthepeoplehowtheyfeltabouteachmeal-iftheyfelthappyorwerestillhungryaftereating,forexample.
Theresultsshowedthatsaltmadepeopleconsume11percentmorefoodthanusual.35