施心远主编《听力教程》3第2版Unit9答案.docx
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施心远主编《听力教程》3第2版Unit9答案
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-9答案
UNIT9
SectionOne
Part1
SpotDictation
CelebrationsinAustralia,AsiaRingin2010
Oneofthefirstmajorcitiestocelebratethebeginningof2010wasSydney,Australia.MorethanamillionpeoplegatheredalongtheSydneyharbortowatchthecity'sannualfireworksshow,settoboomingrockmusic.
HoursbeforemidnightpeoplearrivedatHarborBridgetostakeoutgoodseatsforthe12-minutedisplay.Thisyear'sshowinvolvedmorethan5,000kilogramsofexplosivedevices.
OthercitiesaroundAsiaandthePacificregioncelebratedwithfireworks,suchasKualaLumpurandHongKong.
InotherplacespeoplemarkedtheNewYearwithoutfireworks.
MillionsinJapanprayedatshrinesforgoodfortunein2010.
InSeoul,SouthKorea,agiantbellwasrung.
InChina'scapital,signsaroundBeijingcautionednottolightfireworkswithintheheartofthecityonNewYear'sEve.
ThisdidnotseemtobotherBeijingresidents,whosaytheLunarNewYearistheirtraditionaltimetocelebratewithfireworks. Thisyearthatholidayisinmid-February.
ManyyoungpeoplewereatbarsandclubsinBeijinguntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning.StillothershadtoworkonNewYear'sEve.Aslate-nightrevelerswaitedinthecoldforascarcecab,twomenunloadedatruckatabakeryonWorker'sStadiumRoad.OneofthemsaidhehopedforgoodhealthforhisparentsintheNewYear.HiscoworkersaidhehopedtospendtheLunarNewYearwithfamilyathishomeinnearbyShandongprovince.
Part2
ListeningforGist
Unlikeairtravel,whichisregulatedinternationally,railtravelisinmanycasescontrollednationally.Thedegreeofsafetyofrailtravelisthereforehighlyvariablefromcountrytocountry,dependingonthedegreeofregulationandthequalityofregulationinthecountryconcerned.InBritainandtheUnitedStatesrailpassengerdeathsworkoutatanaverageoflessthan10railpassengerdeathsperyear.Unfortunately,therailpassengerdeathsperyearstatisticsinthelessdevelopedpartsoftheworldareconsiderablyhigherthantherailpassengerdeathsperyearstatisticsareinthewesternworld.
IntheUKoverthelast25years,therehasbeenanaverageofonetrainaccidentforeverymillionmilesrun.Becauseindividualtrainscarrysuchalargenumberofpassengerscomparedwiththenumberofpassengerscarriedincars,busesandplanes,thisactuallymeansthatthedegreeofriskis,comparatively,onewhichisalmostnon-existent.
Byfarthegreatestcauseofrailwayaccidentsishumanerror,eitherincontrollingorrespondingtosignals.Recentimprovementsinthenumbersofaccidentsareinlargemeasureduetotheintroductionofautomaticandcomputerizedsignalingequipment.Radiocommunicationsystemsbetweendriversandcontrolcentershavealsoprovedinfluentialinreducingaccidents.Withthecontinuingdevelopmentofradiocommunicationsystemsandautomaticsignalingsystemswecanlookforwardtofurtherreductionsinwhatarealreadyimpressivelylowaccidentrates.
Directions:
Listentothepassageandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.
1.Thispassageisaboutrailtravelsafety.
2.Thekeywordsarehighlyvariable.degreeandqualityofregulation:
BritainandtheUnitedStates.Lessthan10railpassengerdeathsperyear:
lessdevelopedparts.Higher:
UK.Last25years.Onetrainaccidentforeverymillionmilesrun:
cause.Humanerror:
automatic.Computerizedsignaling.Radiocommunicationsystems.Reduceaccidents.
SectionTwo
ListeningComprehension
Part1Dialogue
Adolescence
Interviewer:
So,yousayEric'swhatyou'dconsiderprettystrictbutprettyfair?
So,forexample,whenhetellsyoutodoInterviewer:
something
Jora:
Well,he'sstrictandIgetangrywhenhedoesn'twantmetodostuff.ButafterwardsIcanalmostalwaysseewhyhesaidit,y'know?
Interviewer:
Yeah.
Jora:
Andthere'sonlyacoupleofincidentswhere,well,thatweretotally,y'know,thatIdidn'tunderstandatall.
Interviewer:
Hmm.Notabadrecord.
Eric:
No.Vh,'cosI'msureI'vemadesomemistakes.
Interviewer:
Is...howwouldyoucompareyourmom?
Isshelessstrictthanyourdad?
Mm-hmm.Well,she'slessstrict,butit's,it'slikeIcan'twin,y'know?
Thestuffthatmydad'snotstrictabout,mymom'sstrictabout,and·thestuffthatmymom'snotstrictabout,mydadis.And,well,likemydaddoesn'tletmeseePG-13*orRmovies,butmymomdoes.She,well,sherentsR-rated*movies,andletsmewatchthemandall,butmydadwon'tevenletmeseePG-13.
Eric:
Well,uh,that'snotreallytrue.Itdependsonwhatitis.MyrulewithPG-13iseitherI'vehadtohaveseenitfirstor,youknow,talkedtosomeonewhoItrust...who'sseenit.
Interviewer:
So,yourmom'slooseraboutmovies.Uh,what'sshestricterabout?
Jora:
Chores,junkfood,buyingmespecificthings-
Interviewer:
Whenyousaybuyingyouthings,doyoumean-
Jora:
Likewhenwegotothestore.
Interviewer:
Shedoesn'twanttopayforthem?
Jora:
Shedoesn'twanttopayforthings.Shewantsmetobuymyownfriends'presents,youknow,stufflikethat
Interviewer:
So,doyougetanallowance?
Jora:
Yeah,Ido.
Interviewer:
So,Jora,whatdoyouthinkaboutyourdad?
Doyouthinkhe'saprettygooddad?
Imean,howdoeshecomparewithyourfriends'fathers?
Jora:
Urn,mydadisverystrict,buthe's...he's..,he'sprettygood.He...he'sveryniceandheletsmedojustenoughsoIdon'tgettooangry.
Directions:
Listentothedialogueanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).
l.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.T
Part2Passage
ABriefHistoryofBanking
Whendidthefirstbanksappear?
Thefirstbankerslivedmorethan2,000yearsago.Theyweremoneychangers,situatedusuallyatatableorinasmallshopinthecommercialdistrict,aidingtravelerswhocametothetownbyexchangingforeigncoinsforlocalmoneyordiscountingcommercialnotesforafeeinordertosupplymerchantswithworkingcapital.
Thefirstbankersprobablyusedtheirowncapitaltofundtheiractivities,butitwasn'tlongbeforetheideaofattractingdepositsandsecuringtemporaryloansfromwealthycustomersbecameanimportantsourceofbankfunding.Loanswerethenmadetomerchants,shippers,andlandowners,atratesofinterestaslowas6percentperannumtoashighas48percentamonthfortheriskiestventures!
MostoftheearlybanksofanysizewereGreekinorigin.
ThebankingindustrygraduallyspreadoutwardfromtheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRomeintonorthernandwesternEurope.BankingencounteredreligiousoppositionduringtheMiddleAges,primarilybecauseloansmadetothepooroftencarriedhighinterestrates.However,astheRenaissancebeganinEurope,thebulkofbankloansanddepositsinvolvedrelativelywealthycustomers,whichhelpedtoreducereligiousoppositiontobankingpractices.
Thedevelopmentofnewoverlandtraderoutesandimprovementsinnavigationinthe15th,16th,and17thcenturiesgraduallyshiftedthecenterofworldcommercefromtheMediterraneanregiontowardEuropeandtheBritishIsles,wherebankingbecamealeadingindustry.TheIndustrialRevolutiondemandedawell-developedfinancialsystem.Inparticular,theadoptionofmassproductionmethodsrequiredacorrespondingexpansioninglobaltradetoabsorbindustrialoutput,requiringnewmethodsformakingpaymentsandcreditavailable.Banksthatcoulddeliverontheseneedsgrewrapidly.
TheearlybanksinEuropewereplacesforsafekeepingofvaluableitems(suchasgoldandsilverbullion)aspeoplecametofearlossoftheirassetsduetowar,theft,orexpropriationbygovernment.InEnglandduringthereignsofHenryVIIIandCharlesI,governmenteffortstoseizeprivateholdingsofgoldandsilverresultedinpeopledepositingtheirvaluablesingoldsmiths'shops,who,inturn,wouldissuetokens*orcertificates,indicatingthatthecustomerhadmadeadepositatthesebusinesses.Soon,goldsmithtokensorcertificatesbegantocirculateasmoneybecausetheyweremoreconvenientandlessriskytocarryaround.Thegoldsmithsalsoofferedcertificationofvalueservices-whatwetodaymightcallpropertyappraisals*.Customerswouldbringinvaluablestohaveanexpertcertifythattheseitemswereindeedrealandnotfakes-aservicemanybanksstillprovidetheircustomers.
WhencolonieswereestablishedinNorthandSouthAmerica,OldWorldbankingpracticesweretransferredtotheNewWorld.Asthe19thcenturybegan,stategovernmentsintheUnitedStatesbeganchartering*bankingcompanies.Thedevelopmentoflarge,professionallymanagedbankingfirmswascenteredinafewleadingcommercialcenters,especiallyNewYork.ThefederalgovernmentbecameamajorforceinUSbankingduringCivilWar.
A:
Pre-listeningQuestion
Abankis,actually,abusinessorganization,usuallyalimitedcompany,whichtradesmainlyinmoney,receivingandholdingdepositsandpayingsumsoutofthembyorderofthecustomer,lendingmoneyatinterest,discountingbillsofexchange,movingfromoneplacetoanother,actingascustomer'sagentinbuyingandsellingsecurities,servingastrusteeorexecutor,andperformingvariousextraservicesforcustomers,e.g.arrangingtravelandinsuranceandadvisingontaxandinvestment.
B:
SentenceDictation
Direction:
Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes.
1.Situatedusuallyatatableorinasmallshopinthecommercialdistrict,thebankersaidedtravelerswhocametothetownbyexchangingforeigncoinsforlocalmoney.
2.Itwasn'tlongbeforetheideaofattractingdepositsandsecuringtemporaryloans