美国文学 复习资料+答案.docx
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美国文学复习资料+答案
1.TheAmericanTranscendentalistsformedaclubcalled_________.
theTranscendentalClub
2.______wasregardedasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism.WashingtonIrving
3.Atnineteen___________publishedinhisbrother’snewspaper,his"JonathanOldstyle"satiresofNewYorklife.
4.InWashingtonIrving’swork___________appearedthefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature.TheSketchBook
5.ThefirstimportantAmericannovelistwas____________.JamesFenimoreCooper
6.JamesFenimoreCooper’snovel___________wasarousingtaleaboutespionageagainsttheBritishduringtheRevolutionaryWar.TheSpy
7.ThebestofJamesFenimoreCooper'ssearomanceswas_____________.ThePilot
8."ToaWaterfowl"isperhapsthepeakof_______________’swork;ithasbeencalledbyaneminentEnglishcritic“themostperfectbriefpoeminthelanguage.”WilliamCullenBryant
9.__________wasthefirstAmericantogainthestatureofamajorpoetintheworldliterature.
10.EdgarAllanPoe’spoem____________isperhapsthebestexampleofonomatopoeiaintheEnglishlanguage.TheBells
11.EdgarAllanPoe'spoem____________waspublishedin1845asthetitlepoemofacollection.TheRaven
12.FromHenryDavidThoreau’sConcordjailexperience,camehisfamousessay______.CivilDisobedience
Bythe1830sWashingtonIrvingwasjudgedthenation'sgreatestwriter,aloftypositionhelatersharedwithJamesFenimoreCooperandWilliamCullenBryant.
Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theattitudeofAmericanwriterswasshapedbytheirNewWorldenvironmentandanarrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditionofEurope.
Asamoralphilosophy,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematical.
ThefoundationofAmericannationalliteraturewaslaidbytheearlyAmericanromanticists.
Atmid-19thcentury,aculturalreawakeningbroughta"floweringofNewEngland".
Romanticwritersinthe19thcenturyplacedincreasingvalueonthefreeexpressionofemotionanddisplayedincreasingattentiontothepsychicstatesoftheircharacters.
Withavastgroupofsupportingcharacters,virtuousorvillainous,JamesFenimoreCoopermadetheAmericaconsciousofhispast,andmadetheEuropeanconsciousofAmerica.
NootherAmericanpoeteversurpassedEdgarAllanPoe’sabilityintheuseofEnglishasamediumofpuremusicalandrhythmicbeauty.
TheFalloftheHouseofUsherisoneofEdgarAllanPoe'sshortstories.
RalphWaldoEmersonwasrecognizedastheleaderoftranscendentalistmovement,butheneverappliedtheterm"Transcendentalist"tohimselfortohisbeliefsandideas.
In1836,RalphWaldoEmersonpublishedhisfirstbook,Nature,whichmetwithamildreception.
RalphWaldoEmerson'sprosestylewassometimesashighlyindividualashispoetry.
TheharshrhythmsandstrikingimagesofRalphWaldoEmerson’spoetryappealtomanymodernreadersasartfultechniques.
HenryWadsworthLongfellow’swritingsbelongtothemilderaspectsoftheRomanticMovement.
Americanromanticismwasinawayderivative:
AmericanromanticwritingwassomeofthemmodeledonEnglishandEuropeanworks.
RalphWaldoEmerson’saestheticsbroughtaboutarevolutioninAmericanliteratureingeneralandinAmericanpoetryinparticular.
HenryDavidThoreauwasanactiveTranscendentalist. Hewasbynomeansan"escapist"orarecluse,butwasintenselyinvolvedinthelifeofhisday.
TheScarletLetterissetintheseventeenthcentury.ItisanelaborationofafactwhichtheauthortookoutofthelifeofthePuritanpast.
2. Transcendentalismtooktheirideasfrom___________.
A. theromanticliteratureinEurope
B. neo-Platonism
C. Germanidealisticphilosophy
D. therevelationsoforientalmysticism
ABCD
8. Transcendentalistsrecognized__________asthe"highestpowerofthesoul.”
A.intuition
10.TranscendentalismappealedtothosewhodisdainedtheharshGodofthePuritanancestors,anditappealedtothosewhoscornedthepaledeityofNewEngland
A.Transcendentalism
B. Humanism
C. Naturalism
D. Unitarianism
D
13.ThedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonaturebecameapermanentconventionofAmericanliterature,evidentin_________.
A. JamesFenimoreCooper'sLeatherstockingTales
B. HenryDavidThoreau’sWalden
C. MarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinn
D. NathanielHawthorne'sTheScarletLetter
ABC
14. Apreoccupationwiththedemonicandthemysteryofevilmarkedtheworksof_________,andahostoflesserwriters.
A.NathanielHawthorne
B. EdgarAllanPoe
C. HermanMelville
D. MarkTwain
ABC
16.InthenineteenthcenturyAmerica,Romanticsoftensharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics.Choosesuchcharacteristicsfromthefollowing.
A. moralenthusiasm
B. faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception
C. adorationforthenaturalworld
D. presumptionaboutthecorrosiveeffectofhumansociety
ABCD
17. ChooseWashingtonIrving'sworksfromthefollowing.
A.TheSketchBook
B.BracebridgeHall
C.TalesofaTraveller
D.AHistoryofNewYork
ABCD
18. InJamesFenimoreCooper'snovels,closeafterNattyBumppoinromanticappeal,comethetwonobleredmen.Choosethemfromthefollowing.
A.theMohicanChiefChingachgook
B.Uncas
C.TomJones
D.KublaKhan
AB
In1817,thestatelypoemcalledThanatopsisintroducedthebestpoet___________toappearinAmericauptothattime.
A.EdwardTaylor
B.PhilipFreneau
C.WilliamCullenBryant
D.EdgarAllanPoe
CToaWaterfowlThanatopsis
21. Fromthefollowing,choosethepoemswrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.
A.ToHelen
B.TheRaven
C.AnnabelLee
D.TheBells
ABCD
23. EdgarAllanPoe'sfirstcollectionofshortstoriesis___________.
D. TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque
24. Fromthefollowing,choosethecharacteristicsofRalphWaldoEmerson'spoetry.
A.beinghighlyindividual
B.harshrhythms
C.lackofformandpolish
D.strikingimages
ABCD
25. WhichbookisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson
A.RepresentativeMen
B.EnglishTraits
C.Nature
D.TheRhodora
D
26. WhichessayisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson?
A.OfStudies
B.Self-Reliance
C.TheAmericanScholar
D.TheDivinitySchoolAddress
A
30.NathanielHawthorne'sabilitytocreatevividandsymbolicimagesthatembodygreatmoralquestionsalsoappearsstronglyinhisshortstories.Choosehisshortstoriesfromthefollowing.
A. YoungGoodmanBrown
B.TheGreatStoneFace
C.The AmbitiousGuest ABCD
D.EthanBrand
E.ThePearl
32. HermanMelvillecalledhisfriendNathanielHawthorne_____________inAmericanliterature.
A. thelargestbrainwiththelargestheart
34.__________wasaromanticizedaccountofHermanMelville'sstayamongthePolynesians.ThesuccessofthebooksoonmadeMelvillewellknownasthe"manwholivedamongcannibals".Typee
37. IntheearlynineteenthcenturyAmericanmoralvalueswereessentiallyPuritan.Nothinghasleftadeeperimprintonthecharacterofthepeopleasawholethandid__________.
A.Puritanism
"TheuniverseiscomposedofNatureandthesoul...Spiritispresenteverywhere".ThisisthevoiceofthebookNaturewrittenbyEmerson,whichpushedAmericanRomanticismintoanewphase,thephaseofNewEngland______Transcendentalism
43. WhichisgenerallyregardedastheBibleofNewEnglandTranscendentalism?
A.Nature
45._________isanappallingfictionalversionofNathanielHawthorne'sbeliefthat"thewrongdoingofonegenerationlivesintothesuccessiveones"andthatevilwillcomeoutofevilthoughitmaytakemanygenerationstohappen.
A.TheMarbleFaun
B.TheHouseofSevenGables
C.TheBlithedaleRomance
D. YoungGoodmanBrown
B
Onceuponamidnightdreary,whileipondered,weakandweary,
Overmanyaquaintandcuriousvolumeofforgottenlore,
WhileInodded,nearlynapping,suddenlytherecameatapping,
Asofsomeonegentlyrapping,rappingatmychamberdoor.
"Tissomevisitor,"Imuttered,"tappingatmychamberdoor—
Onlythis,andnothingmore."
Ah,distinctlyIrememberitwasinthebleakDecember,
Andeachseparatedyingemberwroughtitsghostuponthefloor.
EagerlyIwishedthemorrow;—vainlyIhadtriedtoborrow
Frommybookssurceaseofsorrow-sorrowforthelost.
EdgarAllanPoe
TheRaven
Describethemoodofthispoem:
Asenseofmelancholyoverthedeathofabelovedbeautifulyoungwomanpervadesthewholepoem,theportrayalofayoungmangrievingforhislostLeno-re,hisgriefturnedtomadnessunderthesteadyone-wordrepetitionofthetalkingbird.
Work3:
Nuture
1.AstheleadingNewEnglandTranscendentalist,EmersoneffectedamostarticulatesynthesisoftheTranscendentalistviews.Onemajorelementofhisphilosophyifhisfirmbeliefinthetranscendenceofthe"Oversoul".Hisemphasisonthespiritrunsthroughvirtuallyallhiswritings."Philosophicallyconsidered,"hestatesinNature,whichisgenerallyreg