高三英语下学期阅读理解专项训练单元 易错题难题学能测试.docx

高三英语下学期阅读理解专项训练单元 易错题难题学能测试.docx

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高三英语下学期阅读理解专项训练单元易错题难题学能测试

高三英语下学期阅读理解专项训练单元易错题难题学能测试

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1．阅读理解

   I'mastoryteller.AndIwouldliketotellyouafewpersonalstories.

   IgrewupreadingBritishandAmericanchildren'sbooks.WhenIbegantowrite,IwroteexactlythekindsofstoriesIwasreading:

Allmycharacterswerewhiteandblue-eyed,theyateapplesandtalkedalotabouttheweather,despitethefactthatIlivedinNigeria.Weatemangoes,andwenevertalkedabouttheweather.BecauseallIhadreadwerebooksinwhichcharacterswereforeign,Ihadbecomeconvincedthatbooksbytheirverynaturehadtohaveforeignersinthem.ThingschangedwhenIdiscoveredAfricanbooks.BecauseofwriterslikeChinuaAchebeandCamaraLaye,Iwentthroughamentalshiftinmyideaofliterature.Irealizedthatpeoplelikeme,girlswithskinthecolorofchocolate,couldalsoexistinliterature.IstartedtowriteaboutthingsIrecognized.SowhatthediscoveryofAfricanwritersdidformewasthis:

Itsavedmefromhavingasinglestoryofwhatbooksare.TheyearIturnedeight,wegotanewhouseboyFidefromanearbyruralvillage.Theonlythingmymothertoldusabouthimwasthathisfamilywasverypoor.AndwhenIdidn'tfinishmydinner,mymotherwouldsay，"Finishyourfood!

Don'tyouknow?

PeoplelikeFide'sfamilyhavenothing."SoIfeltenormouspityforFide'sfamily.ThenoneSaturday,wewenttohisvillagetovisit,andhismothershowedusabeautifullypatternedbasketthathisbrotherhadmade.Iwasastonished.Ithadnotoccurredtomethatanybodyinhisfamilycouldactuallymakesomething.Theirpovertywasmysinglestoryofthem.

   Yearslater,whenIleftNigeriatogotouniversityintheUnitedStates,myAmericanroommateaskedwhereIhadlearnedtospeakEnglishsowell,andwasconfusedwhenIsaidthatNigeriahappenedtohaveEnglishasitsofficiallanguage.Whatstruckmewasthis:

Shehadfeltsorryformeevenbeforeshesawme.MyroommatehadasinglestoryofAfrica:

asinglestoryofcatastrophe.

   Ofcourse,Africaisacontinentfullofcatastrophes.Butthereareotherstoriesthatarenotaboutcatastrophe,anditisveryimportant,itisjustasimportant,totalkaboutthem.Theconsequenceofthesinglestoryisthis:

Itrobspeopleofdignity.Itmakesourrecognitionofourequalhumanitydifficult.Itemphasizeshowwearedifferentratherthanhowwearesimilar.

   SowhatifmymotherhadtoldusthatFide'sfamilywaspoorandhardworking?

WhatifwehadanAfricantelevisionnetworkthatbroadcastdiverseAfricanstoriesallovertheworld?

WhatifmyroommateknewaboutmyNigerianpublisher,MuhtarBakare,aremarkablemanwholefthisjobinabanktofollowhisdreamandstartapublishinghouse?

WhatifmyroommateknewaboutmyfriendFunmiIyanda,afearlesswomanwhohostsaTVshow,andisdeterminedtotellthestoriesthatweprefertoforget?

   MyNigerianpublisherandIhavejuststartedanon-profitcalledFarafinaTrust,andwehavebigdreamsofbuildinglibrariesandprovidingbooksforstateschools,andalsooforganizinglotsofworkshopsinreadingandwriting,forallthepeoplewhoareeagertotellourmanystories.

   Storiesmatter.Manystoriesmatter.Storiescanbreakthedignityofapeople,butstoriescanalsorepairthatbrokendignity.Whenwerealizethatthereisneverasinglestoryaboutanyplace,weregainakindofparadise.

（1）Whatisprobablypeople'sfirstimpressionofthewriterwhenitcomestohernationality?

A. Shemainlyeatsapplesandmangoes.

B. ShemaynotspeakfluentEnglish.

C. Shecomesfromaplacefreeofcatastrophes.

D. Sheprefersstoriesbasedonforeigncharacters.

（2）Theunderlinedphrase"amentalshift"inParagraph2referstothewriter's____.

A. discoveryofAfricanbookswithcharactersofherskincolor

B. acquaintancewithlocalAfricanwriterslikeChinuaAchebe

C. realizationthatnotonlyforeigncharactersexistinliterature

D. changethatshestartedtowriteaboutthingssherecognized

（3）Howmanypersonalstorieshasthewritermentionedinthepassage?

A. Two.                                   

B. Three.                                   

C. Four.                                   

D. Five.

（4）Thewriterusesseveralsinglestoriesinthepassagetoillustratethatthesinglestory____.

A. mattersinkeepinglistenerswellinformed

B. tendstoconveyaprejudicedideatolisteners

C. getsincreasinglypopularamongstorytellers

D. failstoproducealastingeffectonlisteners

（5）Thewriterlistsmany"whatifs"inParagraph6to____.

A. emphasizeourdifferencesratherthansimilarities

B. indicatethewaythatstoriesareusedtobreakdignity

C. showthehardshipofrecognizingourequalhumanity

D. stresstheimportanceoftellingdiverse,balancedstories

（6）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A. Thedangerofthesinglestory                        

B. Theimportanceoftellingstories

C. Thesinglestoriesthatmatter                          D. Storiesthatcanrepairbrokendignity

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

（6）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲了几个关于个人的故事，通过故事告诫我们：

如果我们只去聆听关于一个人、一个国家的单一故事，将会导致非常严重的误解。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段可知，作者实际上来自尼日利亚，经常吃芒果，不讨论天气，有着巧克力肤色。

可知至少不是说英语的欧洲人；再根据第四段，作者的美国舍友对她能说一口流利英语表示疑惑可知，因此可以推断出人们对尼日利亚的人第一印象可能是认为他们不会说流利的英语。

故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的”Irealizedthatpeoplelikeme,girlswithskinthecolorofchocolate,couldalsoexistinliterature.“可知作者的思想转变是她意识到像她这样有着巧克力肤色的女生也是可以在文学作品中有一席之地的。

即不仅仅外国人物才存在文学作品中。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

第二段、第三段、第四段分别讲了作者自己意识到文学作品中人物不限英美，作者发现Fide一家贫穷却努力，作者的室友对尼日利亚的刻板印象。

即一共三个她的个人经历。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，不论是作者、作者妈妈、作者的室友，不同的人们有着不同的singlestory，实际上可以理解为“一面之词”“刻板印象”，但其实又不符合事实，即会给听众传达有偏见的想法，故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。

作者的一系列假设，其实是更好的做法。

兼听则明偏信则暗。

我们不应该听信一面之词，应该去多角度的均衡的了解。

故选D。

（6）考查主旨大意。

全文讲述了作者、作者妈妈、作者的室友的偏见，以及作者对此的看法。

认为一面之词实际上是很不好的。

在并没有亲自去观察探索也没有去多方面了解之前，人们就接受了singlestory。

但其实往往并不符合事实。

因此最好的标题是一面之词的危险。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Accordingtoateamofresearchers,ananimal'sabilitytoperceive（感知）timeislinkedtotheirpaceoflife.

   "Ourresultslendsupporttotheimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimalswheretheabilitytoperceivetimeinaveryshorttimemaybethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforfastmovingcreatures."commentedleadauthorKevinHealyfromTrinityCollegeDublin.

   Thestudywasdonewithavarietyofanimalsusingphenomenonbasedonthemaximumspeedofflashesoflightanindividualcanseebeforethelightsourceisseenasconstant.Dogs,forexample,haveeyeswitharefreshratehigherthanhumans.

   Oneexampleofthisphenomenonatwork,theauthorssay,isthehouseflyanditsabilitytoavoidbeinghit.Theresearchshowedflies"observemotioninashortertimethanourowneyescanachieve,"whichallowsthemtoavoidbeinghit.

   ProfessorGraemeRuxtonoftheUniversityofStAndrewsinScotland,whoworkedjointlyontheresearchproject,saidinastatement,"Havingeyesthatsendupdatestothebrainatmuchhigherfrequenciesthanoureyesdoisofnovalueifthebraincannotprocessthatinformationequallyquickly.Thus,thisworkhighlightstheimpressiveabilitiesofeventhesmallestanimalbrains.Fliesmightnotbedeepthinkers,buttheycanmakegooddecisionsveryquickly."

   Incomparison,thetigerbeetle（虎甲虫）runsfasterthanitseyescankeepup,basicallybecomingblind,whichrequiresittostopperiodicallytore-evaluateitsprey's（猎物）position.

   Ourresultssuggestthattimeperceptionoffersanasyetunstudieddimensionalongwhichanimalscanspecializeandthereisconsiderablerangetostudythissysteminmoredetail.

（1）Whatistheresearchmentionedinthepassagemainlyabout？

A. Paceoflifeofanimals.                                     B. Impressiveabilitiesofanimals.

C. Lifetimeofsmallanimals.                                

D. Timeperceptionofanimals.

（2）WhatdoesKevinHealy'scommentmeaninPara.2？

A. Thesurvivaloffastmovinganimalsreliesontheirabilitytoperceivetime.

B. Animalswithquickerpaceoflifehavebetterperceptionoftime.

C. Theabilityofanimalstoperceivetimedependsontheirhighmovingspeed.

D. Animalswithpoorabilityoftimeperceptionhaveashorterlife.

（3）Whycanhousefliesavoidbeinghit?

A. Theycanthinkverydeeplybeforetheyact.

B. Theycanprocesstheinformationasquicklyastheyreceiveit.

C. Theycanflymuchfasterthantheireyescankeepup.

D. Theycansendinformationtobrainmorequicklythantotheireyes.

（4）Whatwillatigerbeetlehavetodotocatchamovingprey?

A. Slowdowntogainitstimeperception.          B. Preventitselffrombecomingblind.

C. Stopoccasionallytospotthepreyagain.       D. Trytorunasfastasitcan.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对动物时间感知的研究。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Accordingtoateamofresearchers，ananimal'sabilitytoperceive（感知）timeislinkedtotheirpaceoflife.”可知，据一组研究人员称，动物感知时间的能力与它们的生活节奏有关，由此可知，文中提到的这个研究是关于动物的时间感知的，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“theimportanceoftimeperceptioninanimalswheretheabilitytoperceivetimeinaveryshorttimemaybethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathforfastmovingcreatures.”可知，对于能快速移动的动物而言，在极短的时间内感知时间的能力可能是生与死的区别，由此可知，KevinHealy说的意思是快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Theresearchshowedflies‘observemotioninashortertimethanourowneyescanachieve，’whichallowsthemtoavoidbeinghit.”可知，家蝇观察物体运动的时间比我们人眼所能达到的时间要短，这使得它们能够避免被击中；再结合第五段中的“buttheycanmakegooddecisionsveryquickly.”可知，它们可以很快做出好的决定，也就是说它们可以尽快处理收到的信息，故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“thetigerbeetle（虎甲虫）runsfasterthanitseyescankeepup，basicallybecomingblind，whichrequiresittostopperi