高考英语情景交际用语考点归纳doc资料.docx
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高考英语情景交际用语考点归纳doc资料
高考英语情景交际用语复习
【考纲解读】
高考英语测试定位为语言交际能力测试,语言必须放在实际的、并尽可能不同的情景中运用;语言必须适合具体的交际行为;考查的焦点在于是否达到交际目的;语言交际行为除了需要语言能力外,还需要一些其他的能力,因此考纲要求考生必须熟练掌握常见功能意念和情景场景的表达法,能用地道的英语去交流。
【情景交际考点】
1.社会交往话题(问候,介绍,告别,感谢和应答,祝愿、祝贺和应答,邀请和应答,提供(帮助等)和应答,约会,意愿和希望,请求、允许和应答等)
2.态度话题(同意和不同意,喜好和厌恶,决断和坚持,判断和意见,职责,能力,偏爱,责备和抱怨,肯定和不肯定,禁止和警告,可能和不可能等)
3.情感和其他话题(焦虑,惊奇,喜悦,安慰,满意,遗憾,同情,恐惧,愤怒)
【知识点归纳】
1.Introduction(介绍)
—ThisisMrSmith.—Nice/Glad/Pleasedtomeetyou.
2.Greetings(问候)
—Howareyoudoing?
—Verywell,thankyou.
3.Thanks(感谢)
—Thankyouverymuch.
—It’sapleasure./MyPleasure./That’sOK./You’rewelcome./Don’tmentionit./That’sallright.
4.Apologies(道歉)
—I’msorryforlosingyourradio.
—That’sOK./It’sallright./Nevermind./It’snothing./Forgetit./Itdoesn’tmatter.
5.Invitation(邀请)
—Wouldyouliketohaveacupofcoffee?
—Thankyou./No,thankyou.
6.Askingforpermission(请求允许)
—Would/Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
—Ofcourse,youcan./Goahead,please.
I’msorry,it’snotallowed./I’mafraidnot.
7.Expressingwishesandcongratulations(祝愿和祝贺)
—I’mgoingtohaveanEnglishExam.—Goodluck!
—Ihavejustwonthefirstprizeinthemathscompetition.—Congratulations!
8.Offeringhelp(提供帮助)
—ShallIhelpyouwiththat?
—Yes,please./Yes,thanks.
No,thanks./Thankyouallthesame.
9.Makingappointments(约会)
—Let’smakeitat5:
30.—Allright.Seeyouthen.
10.Makingtelephonecalls(打电话)
—Hello!
MayIspeaktoTom?
/IsthatTomspeaking?
—Justamoment,please./Sorry.Heisn’tinjustnow./Holdtheline,please./Hello.ThisisMaryspeaking.
11.Havingmeals(就餐)
—Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
—Yes,I’dlikeadrink./I’dlikericeandchicken.
No,thankyou.I’vehadenough.
12.Seeingadoctor(就医)
—What’sthematter?
—I’mnotquitemyself./Ifeelterrible(bad,horrible...).
Ihaveaheadache./Thereissomethingwrongwith....
13.Shopping购物
—WhatcanIdoforyou?
/MayIhelpyou?
—Iwant/I’dlikeapairofsportsshoes.
14.Askingtheway(问路)
—Excuseme.Whereisthepostoffice?
/Excuseme.Whichisthewaytothepostoffice?
/Can(Could)youtellmethewaytothepostoffice?
/HowcanIgettothepostoffice?
—It’soverthere./Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.Youcan’tmissit./YoucantakebusNo.23./Turnleftatthefirstcrossing./Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mastrangerhere.
15.Talkingaboutweather(谈论天气)
—What’stheweatherliketoday?
/Howistheweathertoday?
—It’snice/fine/sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/foggy.
16.Sympathy(同情)
—Mymotherisill.Ihavetostayathomeandlookafterher.—I’msorrytohearthat.
17.Frequency(频度)
—Howoftendoyougotomovies?
—Onceaweek.
18.Praiseandencouragement(赞扬和鼓励)
—YouspeakexcellentEnglish.—Thankyou.
常考交际用语辨析:
1.Thatisallright.没关系;不客气(用于别人道歉或致谢时)
Thatisright说得对(相当于youareright.)--Itwillbetoolatewhenyouknowit.–Thatisright.
行了/够啦!
(对别人所做之事愤怒)Thatisright.Justgooutandleavemetodothedishesasusual.
Allright:
不错--Howistheschoolgoing,Steve?
--Oh,allright.Iguess.
没事的I’dbettergoandmakesuresheisallright.
Everythingwillbeallright好的,行(=ok)
2.withpleasure十分乐意(用于别人求助时)–Canyoufixtheradioforme?
–Withpleasure非常乐意(用于邀请时)–Willyoucome?
--Withpleasure,
(Itis/Thatis)a/mypleasure别客气(用于别人道谢时)
–Thankyouforyourtimelyhelp.–Mypleasure
3.Don’tmentionit.不用客气(主要用于别人道谢时)--Thanksfortheridehome.–Don’tmentionit.Pieceofcake.没关系(少数情况下也可用来回答道歉)
-IapologizeforwhatIsaid.--Don’tmentionit.
4.Noproblem没问题(=Byallmeans/Outofquestion答应别人)
--Couldyouposttheletterforme?
--Noproblem.没问题;不在话下”(表示有能力做某事)--Canyoumakeakite?
--Noproblem.没问题(用来表示安慰)
--I’veleftmymoneyathome.--(That’s)noproblem.Icanlendyousome.
不用谢/别客气(主要用于美国英语中)
--Thankyouverymuch.--Noproblem.没关系/没什么”(主要用于美国英语中)
5.Forgetit没关系/别在意(用来回答道歉)–
I’mreallysorrytohavebrokenyourvase.–Forgetit.I’vegotmany.
别放在心上(表示某物/事不重要)
HowmuchdoIoweyou?
我欠你多少钱?
--Forgetit.算不了什么/不用谢了(用于回答感谢)
I'mmostgratefultoyouforyourhelp.--Oh,It’snothing,Forgetit.别提它了(不想重复刚才的话)
–Whatwasthat?
Ididn’thear.–Forgetit.Nothing休想/不可能—Canyoulendme1000dollars?
-IfyouarethinkingofgettingTomtohelp,forgetit.别说了/省省吧(表示对别人所说的有点烦)
6.Don’tyouthink?
你说呢?
/你说是吗?
(用来询问对方的看法)
--Itmustbeaverygoodbook,don’tyouthink?
难道你不这样认为吗?
(委婉的否定/反驳)
--Hemarriedabeautifulgirl.--Oh,really?
ButIthinksheisalittletooshort,don’tyouthink?
7.atyourservice愿为您效劳!
I'matyourservicenomatterwhatyouaskmetodo听候吩咐
8.excuseme劳驾(打听情况/引人注意)—
--Excuseme,sir,willyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?
对不起(客气地打断别人的话)–
-Excuseme,telegramhasjustarrived.劳驾;对不起(经过别人面前时)
Hepushedhiswaythroughthecrowd,saying"Excuseme."
对不起(表示中途退席或暂时告退
--Excuseme,justamoment.对不起,请稍候
--Excuseme,I’llbebackinaminute.用来对有失礼仪的行为表示抱歉。
打嗝时/喷嚏时说一声Oh,excuseme.
ifyou’llexcuseme如果你们介意的话Ifyou’llexcuseme,I’llgobacktomyoffice.
8.goahead说吧/做吧/开始吧/请便(表示同意或允许)-
-MayIstart?
--Yes,goahead.--Willyoudomeafavour?
--Goahead.说吧
--DoyoumindifIsmoke?
--No,goahead不,你抽吧继续…吧(表示继续做某事)
--Goahead,we’realllistening.继续讲吧,我们都在听呢!
--Don’tinterruptmewhenIamexplaining--Allright,goahead.
9Hangon别挂断(=holdon)
--Hangon!
I’llcallhim.等一下(用作电话以外的情况)
--We’regoing,Mary.--Hangonaminute.I’mnotquiteready.
10.helpyourself随便吃(招呼客人吃东西)—
Makeyourselfathome,andhelpyourselftoanythingyoulike.请自便,自已拿吧(客气地允许别人做某事)
--CanIuseyourdictionary?
--Yes,helpyourself.--CanIhaveadrink?
--Helpyourself.
11.afteryou!
你先请(用作进出门或进餐等场合)
--Afteryou,sir.--Thanks.表示你用完后请让我....
--Afteryouwiththenewspaper,please.你看完报后请让我看。
12.Notatall不用谢;不客气(回答感谢)
--Thanksforhelpingme.--Notatall.Ienjoyedit.没关系(回答道歉)
--I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.--Notatall.I’vebeenhereonlyafewminutes.
一点也不/不见意(回答Wouldyoumind)
--Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?
--Notatall,goahead.
13.Ibet.我敢肯定;保证没错(有把握或信心)
--Ibethe(will)win.我肯定会赢。
Youbet.当然啦;那还用说(表示对方所提出的事实是显然的)
-Canyoudoit?
-Youbet.当然啦。
--Ithinkheknowsthesecret.--Youbet(hedoes).
14.Goodluck祝你走运–I’lltakeanimportantexam.–Goodluck.
Badluck/Hardluck/illluck运气真不好!
真倒霉(同情或安慰某人)
--Badluck!
Betterlucknexttime.
Congratulations祝贺你Congratulationsonyournewjob!
15.表赞同对方的话,同意对方的请求几个特殊表达
Ican’tagreemore再同意不过了.
Absolutely/Exactly/Definitely完全是如此;正是
--canItalktoyouforaminute?
--absolutely,comein.
--Doyoumeanheistoblame--Exactly
absolutelynot绝对不行;绝对不会(表示强烈的否定或拒绝)--DoyouthinkIcantrusthim?
--Absolutelynot.
Notexactly不见得;不完全是--Doyoumeantosayhe’llrefuseus?
--Notexactly
--Soyoumissedthemeeting.–Notexactly.Igottherefiveminutesearlierbeforeitstarted.
notreally确实不行
--Doyouthinkwecangettothestationontime?
--Notreallyunlesswetakeataxi.不完全是
--Doyouhateother'ssmokingintheoffice?
--Notreally.
--Do you enjoy the party last night?
--Not really.
byallmeans当然可以/没问题--MayIborrowyourbicycle?
--Byallmeans.
bynomeans绝不outofthequestion不可能/不行
16.常用的几个省略表达:
Ifso:
如果是那样的话Ifnot:
如果不那样的话
Whatif...如果出现某种情况怎么办
Howcome+....从句?
怎么会/为什么出现某种情况;
Ifonly......!
但愿;要是...就好了
17.takeone’stime表示“慢慢来;不着急”;
18.withpleasure相当于certainly,意为“当然可以;愿意效劳”;
19.holdon在电话用语中表示“请别挂断”;
20.Gotit知道了,明白了
A:
PleasebuymesomefruitsB:
Gotit!
21.Icouldn’tagreemore表示完全同意对方的观点或看法等,可译为:
我完全同意;我举双后赞成;你说得很对
22.Notatall.用来回答感谢,意为:
不用谢;不客气。
如:
A:
Thanksforhelpingme.谢谢你帮助我。
B:
Notatall.Ienjoyedit.别客气,很高兴能帮你。
用来回答道歉,意为:
没关系。
如:
A:
I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.对不起,让你久等了。
B:
Oh,notatall.I’vebeenhereonlyafewminutes.哦,没关系,我也刚到几分钟。
(3)用来表示否定(是No的加强说法),意为:
一点也不;完全不。
如:
A:
DoyoumindifIstayalittlelonger?
我再呆一会儿你介意吗?
B:
No,notatall.一点不介意。
23.It(all)depends./That(all)depends.
表示某事或某情况还没有决定,得看情况而定,意为:
这很难说,那要看情况。
如:
A:
AreyougoingtothedancethisSaturday?
这周星期六你去跳舞吗?
B:
Italldepends.Areyougoingyourself?
到时候看情况而定,你去吗?
24.Sowhat?
(1)表示不在乎或无所谓,意为:
那有什么关系?
如:
A:
I’mafraidit’stooexpensive.恐怕太贵了。
B:
Sowhat?
We’veplentyofmoney.那有什么关系?
我们有的是钱。
(2)用于对别人的质问或责难反唇相讥,意为:
那有什么不行的?
那为什么不行?
那有什么了不起?
如:
A:
You’vebeengettinghomeawfullylaterecently.B:
Sowhat?
Can’tIenjoymyselfifIwantto.
(3)用于生气地告诉对方某情况与他们没有关系,意为:
这与你有什么关系?
如:
A:
Yourroomlooksarealmess,Jack.杰克,你的房间看起来真是一团糟。
B:
Sowhat?
这与你有什么关系?
一课一练
A档题
1.—Readingisthebestwaytopasstimeonthetrain.
—,Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.
A.YouarejokingB.That'strueC.Idon'tthinksoD.Itsoundslikefun
2.–What’sthenoise?
Itsoundsasifitcomesfromupstairs.
--______.Itmustbethewindow-cleanerworking,nextdoor.
A.I’mnotsureB.IhopenotC.I’drathernotD.Idon’tthinkso
3.2014安徽卷)35.—Igetatleasthalfanhourofexercisealmosteveryday.
—Ohgreat!
.
A.GoodluckB.CheerupC.SametoyouD.Keepitup
4.(2014大纲卷)21.---I’msorryforbreakingthecup.
---Oh,____--I’vegotplenty.
A.forgetitB.mypleasureC.helpyourselfD.pardonme
5.—Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?
一.Iftimepermits,ImaygotoShanghaiwithmyfriends.
A.Don’tmentionitB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.ForgetitD.Itdepends
6.(2014福建卷)35.—Ican'trememberthosegrammarrules!
—__________.Practicemore.
A.You'renotaloneB.It'shardtosayC.I'mafraidnotD.It'suptoyou
7.(2014江西卷)21.----CouldIusethisdictionary?
----_____.It’saspareone.
A.GoodideaB.JustgoaheadC.You’rewelcomeD.You’dbetternot
8.—MayIopenthewindowtoletinsomefreshair?
—___________
A.ComeonB.TakecareC.Goahead!
D.Holdon!
9.(2014山东卷)3.—Thisapplepieistoosweet,don’tyouthinkso?
—_____