英语分析乔布斯演讲《stayhungrystayfoolish》.docx

英语分析乔布斯演讲《stayhungrystayfoolish》.docx

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英语分析乔布斯演讲《stayhungrystayfoolish》

ABriefStylisticAnalysisof“StayHungry,StayFoolish”DeliveredbySteveJobs

SteveJobswasborninSanFrancisco,CaliforniaonFebruary24,1955,hewasanAmericanentrepreneur,marketer,andinventor,whowastheco-founder,chairman,andCEOofAppleInc.Thespeechwasdeliveredon12thinJune,2005,intheStanfordUniversity.Whenfacedwiththousandsofaudiences,Jobsshared3storiesheexperiencedaswellashisviewpointaboutlife.Thestorieswereaboutconnectingthedots、loveandloss,aswellasdeath.Inthisspeech,Jobsappliedmanystylisticfeaturesthatrareinothergeneralpublicspeeches.Therefore,itdeservesourexplorationtoexhibitwhatthestylisticcharacteristics.Theexaminationwillbecarriedoutinfiveperspectives,phonological,graphological,lexical,syntacticalandsemanticanalyses.

PhonologicalFeatures

Thespeechisdeliveredinanuniversityandtheaudiencesaremainlyfromyounggroups,whenfacedtheseyoungmen,Jobsexpressedhimselfcalmlyandconvectively,heusedpauseandstressindifferenttoneappropriatelytodemonstratewhyhewasreputable.

.Weworkedhard,andin10yearsApplehad…releasedourfinestcreation-theMacintosh-ayearearlier

Soat30Iwasout.Andverypubliclyout.Whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.

WhenJobsmentionedtohissuccessfulexperienceinApple,heusedarelativehighvoice,andtherhythmisrelievedandrelaxed,whichwasfullofpride.Butwhencameonhisfailureincompany,hisvoicebecamelowerandmorecalmwithclearpause,thepausesignalstheendofathoughtunitInthesentences,JobsItshowedthataftergoingthroughsuccesstofailure,hismentalityhadchangedandhebecamemoremature,itaffectedaudiencesdeeperthaninaflattone.

Again,youcan'tconnectthedotslookingforward…Thisapproachhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.

RememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.Youarealreadynaked.Thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart

Yourtimeislimited,sodon'twasteitlivingsomeoneelse'slife...alreadyknowwhatyoutrulywanttobecome.Everythingelseissecondary.

Thisspeechhaslotsofphilosophy,Jobstriedhisbesttopersuadehisaudiencestoreceivehisviews,sohestressedhistonewhentoldthesewordsonpurpose,especiallyatthebeginningwordsofthesentences,suchas“again”“remembering”,

aswellasintransitionalwordssuchas“don’t”.Thestressenhancedtoneandexpressedwhathereallywanttosay.

GraphologicalFeatures

Punctuationisanimportantpartinsentences.Inthisspeech,ituseslotsofpunctuations,comma、periodareprevailingones,becausethespeechhasmostofshortsentences.Accordingtostatistics,thespeechconcludes139periodsand101commas.Inusage,commaisusedforpausetoprovidedmoremessagesandmakeiteasytobeunderstoodinspeech,whilecommaisusedforstatingpointstomaketoneobjectively.

Inaddition,capitalisalsoanaspectofgraphologicalfeatures.Generally,capitalismainlyusedinthefirstletterofthefirstwordinasentence.Inthisspeech,JobsusedcapitalletterssuchasSunday,DavidPack,NeXT,Macintosh,HareKrishna,etc.Itisindicatedthatexceptinitial（suchasIt）,namesofpeopleandplaces（suchasDavidPackandHareKrishna）,aswellassomepropernouns（suchasMacintosh）needcapital.Besides,somestresswordsalsoneedcapital（suchasStayHungry.StayFoolish）

LexicalFeatures

Lexicalisthestemofaspeech.Inthisspeech,Jobschosenmostofeasy-understandingwords,formostofhisaudienceswereyoungman.Inthewholespeech,Jobsencouragedhisaudiencestoinsisttheirbeliefwhenchosetheirjobsthrough3dailylifestories,thereforehislexicalareclearandconcise,whichmainlyformedbysimplewords:

And17yearslaterIdidgotocollege.ButInaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford…IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.…TheminuteIdroppedoutIcouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn'tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting

Therearemanywordsinsingleordoublesyllable,suchasgo、chose、want、idea、figure、lucky、stay，etc,itmakesthespeecheasytounderstanding,atthesametime,itseemsmoreinterestingwhenJobssharedhisexperiences.

SyntacticalFeatures

Inthisspeech,Jobsusedmostofshortsentences.Accordingtothisspeech,thereismorethan50percentsentencesincludelessthan15words.Theadvantageofshortsentencesiseasytounderstand.

Itwasn'tallromantic.Ididn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends'rooms,

Itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,theMacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts.AndsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem

Thisshortsentencesmakespeoplehascordialfeeling,justlikecommunicatewithfriends,besides,shortsentencemakepeoplemoreconvince.

Ontheotherhand,speakersoftenusesimplepresenttenseindelivering,however,inordertoencourageaudiencestodosomethingmeaningful,speakersalsousepasttensetoreviewtheirexperiences,orusefuturetensetolookforwardtotomorrow.Inthisspeech,Jobsusedasmuchpasttenseandpastperfecttenseaspossible,forhewasmainlyrecalledhisexperiencetoencouragepeopletoinsistandbrave.

AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityandintuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.

Noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.Buttenyearslater,whenweweredesigningthefirstMacintoshcomputer,itallcamebacktome.

didn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends'rooms

SemanticFeatures

Thespeechisorganizedasanorganicwholeanditisdeliveredaffectivelythroughdiverserhetoricaldevices.Inthisspeech,weareeasytofollowspeaker’smind,Jobsdividedhisspeechinto3parts,theyareconnectingthedots、loveandloss,aswellasdeathrespectively.Fromthisthreepart,Jobsusedadoptedavarietyofrhetoricaldevicestoenhancehisexpressiveness,suchasparallelism:

StayHungry.StayFoolish.

Parallelismmakessentencesstructuretidyandenhancespeaker’sinfection.

Metaphorandsimilearealsoappearedinthespeech.

Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.

Thisisasimile,Jobscompareworktoyourlovers.

Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.

Thisisametaphor,itiscomparedthedifficultiesyouenteredindailytothebrickwhichhityourhead.

Inconclusion,theanalysisaboveroughlytouchessomeobservablestylisticfeaturesofthisspeech.Jobsisagreatspeaker,thisarticleanalyzehisspeechthroughfiveperspectives,phonological,graphological,lexical,syntacticalandsemanticfeatures.Wecouldfindthathisspeechisfullofphilosophyandwealwaysbenefitfromhiswords.Theanalysismayhelpustolearnfromhimindeliveringspeech.

（后附演讲稿）

StayHungry,StayFoolish

BySteveJobs

‘You’vegottofindwhatyoulove,’Jobssays

ThisisthetextoftheCommencementaddressbySteveJobs,CEOofAppleComputerandofPixarAnimationStudios,deliveredonJune12,2005.

Iamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Inevergraduatedfromcollege.Truthbetold,thisistheclosestI’veevergottentoacollegegraduation.TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.That’sit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.

Thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.

IdroppedoutofReedCollegeafterthefirst6months,butthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanother18monthsorsobeforeIreallyquit.SowhydidIdropout

ItstartedbeforeIwasborn.Mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,unwedcollegegraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.ShefeltverystronglythatIshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife.ExceptthatwhenIpoppedouttheydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.Somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking:

“Wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim”Theysaid:

“Ofcourse.”Mybiologicalmotherlaterfoundoutthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfromcollegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.Sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.SheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthatIwouldsomedaygotocollege.

And17yearslaterIdidgotocollege.ButInaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford,andallofmyworking-classparents’savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition.Aftersixmonths,Icouldn’tseethevalueinit.IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.AndhereIwasspendingallofthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutOK.Itwasprettyscaryatthetime,butlookingbackitwasoneofthebestdecisionsIevermade.TheminuteIdroppedoutIcouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn’tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting.

Itwasn’tallromantic.Ididn’thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends’rooms,Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5depositstobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalkthe7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmeal