英语期末考试.docx
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英语期末考试
维多利亚女王QueenVictoria伊丽莎白女王QueenElizabeth
迪斯尼乐园Disneyland天佑女王GodSavetheQueen
君主立宪制constitutionalmonarchy星条旗StarsandStripes
英美的上下议院、众参议院houseoflordshouseofcommonsHouseofRepresentativesSenate
嘉德勋章TheMostNobleOrderoftheGarter
印度之星勋章TheMostExaltedOrderoftheStarofIndia
执政党partyinpower反对党OppositionParty
影子内阁ShadowCabine国务卿SecretaryofState
唐宁街DowningStreet唐人街Chinatown
圣帕特里克St.Patrick'sDay圣乔治StGeorge’sDay
沙夫茨伯里大街shaftesburyavenue圣安德鲁StAndrews
自由女神StatueofLiberty
英国首相PrimeMinister,FirstLordoftheTreasuryandMinisterfortheCivilService
西敏寺WestminsterAbbey圣米迦勒Michaelis
天主教CatholicChurch东正教OrthodoxChurch
清教Puritan新教Protestantism
杜莎夫人蜡像馆MadameTussaud's圣公会AnglicanChurch
华尔街WallStreet百老汇Broadway
帝国大街BritanniaStreet
2伦敦电影节:
LondonFilmFestival
ABC:
AmericanBroadcastingCompany(美国广播公司)
VOA:
VoiceofAmerica( 美国之音)
CNN:
CableNewsNetwork(美国有线电视新闻网)
英国首相:
DavidWilliamDonaldCameron(戴维·卡梅伦)
副首相:
NickClegg(尼克・克莱格)
美国总统:
贝拉克·奥巴马(BarackObama)
美国副总统:
约瑟夫·拜登(JosephRobinette)
澳大利亚英国女王伊丽莎白二世(HerMajestyQueenElizabethII)
总理:
KevinRudd陆克文
加拿大:
英国女王伊丽莎白二世(HerMajestyQueenElizabethII)
加拿大总理:
史蒂芬·哈珀(StephenHarper)
英国外交大臣:
威廉·黑格(WilliamHague)
美国外交部长及国务卿:
希拉里·克林顿Hillary Clinton
澳大利亚外交部长:
JulieBishop(朱莉·毕晓普)
加拿大现任外交官:
Robert Douglas Nicholson罗伯特·道格拉斯·尼克尔森
英美单词拼写差异:
1,英语单词中不发音的词尾-me,-ue在美语拼写中被删除.
英语拼法美语拼法
公斤kilogramme——kilogram方案programme——program
目录catalogue——catalog对话dialogue——dialog
序言prologue——prolog独白monologue——monolog
类似的analogue——analog
2,英语中的以-our结尾的单词,在美语中删去了不发音的字母u.
英语拼法美语拼法
举止、行为behaviour——behavior颜色colour——color
特别喜爱的favourite——favorite风味flavour——flavor
荣誉honour——onor劳动labour——labor
幽默humour——humor
3,英语中以-re结尾,读音为/e/的单词,在美语中改为-er结尾,读音不变.
英语拼法美语拼法
中心centre——center纤维fibre——fiber
公尺metre——meter剧场theatre——theater
升litre——liter
4,英语中某些以-ence为结尾的单词,在美语中改为-ense结尾,读音仍为/ns/.
英语拼法美语拼法
防御defence——defense犯法行为offence——offense
执照licence——license托词pretence——pretense
5英语中一些以-ise为结尾的单词,在美语中改为-ize结尾,读音仍这/z/.
英语拼法美语拼法
组织 organise——organize,actualise——actualize
实现 realise——realize创作improvise ——improvize
专攻Specialise——specialize 现代化 modernise——modernize
受欢迎 Popularise——popularize
6一些以l结尾的单词变形时,美式不双写l;英式双写l
旅游travelling——traveling吵架quarrelling——quarreling
英国大学五种种类:
Ancientuniversity
Redbrickuniversity
Newuniversity
Modernuniversity
Openuniversity
英国中学的四种种类:
私立学校(independentschool)
普通中学(comprehensiveschool)
文法学校(grammarschool)
学院制中学(academy)
三位一体教义:
theunionofthreepersons(Father,Son,andHolyGhost)inoneGodhead,orthethreefoldpersonalityoftheoneDivineBeing.
星座:
白羊座----Aries 金牛座-----Taurus 双子座-----Gemini 巨蟹座----Cancer 狮子座----Leo处女座----Virgo 天秤座-----Libra 天蝎座----Scorpio
射手座----Sagittarius 山羊座----Capricorn 水瓶座-----Aquarius 双鱼座------Pisces
生肖:
1.Rat鼠2.Ox牛 3.Tiger虎 4.Rabbit兔 5.Dragon龙 6.Snake蛇 7.Horse马8.Goat羊 9.Monkey猴10.Rooster鸡 11.Dog狗12.Boar猪
希腊罗马诸神:
宙斯(Zeus)天神赫拉(Hera)天后雅典娜(Athena)智慧女神,女战神阿波罗(Apollo)太阳神潘(Pan)山林之神维纳斯(Venus)萨坦Saturn 丘比特(Cupid)
美国两大新闻社:
美国联合通讯社TheAssociatedPress(AP)路透社Reuters
两大财团:
凯雷集团(CarlyleGroup)与保德信(PrudentialFinancial)
两大航空公司:
美国航空(AmericanAirlines)与达美航空(DeltaAirlines)
第三题
1.贵族头衔
公:
duke候:
Marpuis伯:
earl子:
viscount男:
baron
2.祝酒词
Bottoms up 干杯!
Prosit!
祝妳健康!
祝妳成功!
Bon appetite 喫好!
Slainte 干杯!
Down the hatch!
干杯!
3.英语期刊种类
Sorts of periodicals
Catchall periodicals
Commercial periodicals
Technical periodicals
Special periodicals
Entertaining periodicals
4.莎士比亚
Hamlet哈姆雷特
Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶
As You Like It皆大欢喜
Much Ado about Nothing无事生非
The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记
4.狄更新
《荒凉山庄》BleakHouse《艰难时世》HardTimes
《小杜丽》LittleDorrit《美国纪行》AmericanNotes
《圣诞颂歌》AChristmasCarol
5.海明威
《老人与海》TheOldManandtheSea
《岛在湾流中》IslandsintheStream《伊甸园》TheGardenofEden《曙光示真》TrueAtFirstLight《在我们的时代里》InOurTime
英国酒吧的种类
Public bar or pub 大众酒吧
Saloonbar 雅座酒吧private bar私人酒吧
loungebar 高級酒吧Beer garden 啤酒花園
6.剧院的种类(3种)
1 State-owned theatres :
Royal Opera House National Theatre
2. Commercial theatres :
Apollo Theatre Piccadilly TheatreLily Theatre
3 Experimental theatres
第四题:
2、英美电影分级:
美国
G级:
GENERAL AUDIENCES All ages admitted
PG级(PARENTALGUIDANCESUGGESTEDSomematerialmaynotbesuitableforchildren.)
R级RESTRICTEDUnder17requiresaccompanyingparentoradultguardian
英国
U级GENERAL AUDIENCES All ages admitted
PG"级Parental Guidance
UC级Especiallysuitableforchildrentowatch
12级Suitableformorethan12yearsoldoradult
15级Suitableformorethan15yearsoldoradult
18级Suitableformorethan18yearsoldoradult
4.3七宗罪:
傲慢(Pride),嫉妒(Envy),暴怒(Wrath),懒惰(Sloth),贪婪(Greed),饕餮(Gluttony),以及贪欲(Lust)
Pride isthefeelingthattheyhavethattheyarebetterormoreimportantthanotherpeople.
Envy isthefeelingyouhavewhenyouwishyoucouldhavethesamethingorqualitythatsomeoneelsehas.
Wrathisstrongfierceangerespeciallybasedonthedesiretopunishsbforharmdonetooneself.
Sloth islaziness,especiallywithregardtowork.
Greed isthedesiretohavemoreofsomething,suchasfoodormoney,thanisnecessaryorfair.
Gluttony istheactorhabitofeatingtoomuchandbeinggreedy.
Lust isafeelingofstrongsexualdesireforsomeone.
4.4英国主要政党
I Republican Party
Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of the Treasury
Federalists
Federal Party
The Whigs
Grand Old Party
II Democratic Party
Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of State
Anti-Federalist
Democratic –Republican Party
4.5--英国的桂冠诗人解释:
Thewordof"Crown"comesfromancientGreeceandRome,whichreferstoeminentpoet.InthewesternliteraryworldLaureateisanhonourtitlewithalonghistory.ItisanencouragingsystemissuedbythegovermentinEngland.Ithasanextensiveandprofoundinfluenceonliteratureandpolitics.So,reformingthesystembecomesamust.Therefore,crownisthesignofsuccess,outstandingandhonor,AbouttheoriginoflaurelcanbetracedbacktotheRomanera.
5.1中西礼仪的理解
Theetiquettebecomesmoreandmoreimportantinmoderndailylife.Etiquetteistheprocessandmeanstoshowrespecttoeachotherininterpersonalrelationshipbycertain,commonprocedures.Etiquettealsocanbesaidtobeaperson’sexternalappearanceofinwardcultivationandquality.Peopletakeitasastandardtobalanceaperson’sself-cultivation.Therearealotofdifferencesinthehabitofconductsandtheceremony,especiallybetweenChinaandtheWest.Thejokesandthemistakescausedbymisunderstandingarenotunusual.thisshowsthattheunderstandingofdifferentetiquettebetweenChineseandthewesternersisabsolutelynecessary.
AlongwiththeconstantdevelopmentofChinesecultureandthewesternculture,Chineseritualandthewesternritualarefusions.thewesternershaveacceptedthereasonablefactorsinChinesecultureandotherimportantfeelings.Chinesepeoplehavegraduallyacceptedtheadvancedcivilizationofthewesterncultureandetiquettestyle.
5.2中西方餐饮文化的理解
ThedifferencesbetweentheChineseandWesterndietaryculturearederivedfromthedifferenceintheirwaysofthinkingandphilosophyoflife.BecauseofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternculturaltraditions,theChineseandwesterndietaryculturesaredifferentinconcept,pattern,andnature.Westudythesedifferencesandthenfindoutthepointsthatcanbedigested.First,theChineseandwesterndiethavethedifferencesthatcannotbeignoredinconcepts.NobodywilldenythattheWesterndietisarationalconcept,regardlessofthecoloroffood,incense,flavorandshape,butnutritionmustbeassured.Itcaresabouttheintakeofcalories,vitamins,proteinandsoonduringaday.TheChineseandWesterndietarypatternscanbeverydifferent,andthesedifferencesaffectthenationalcharacter.InChina,acelebration,nomatterwhat,therewillbeonlyoneform,assittingtogether,sharingonefeast.Banquetusesroundtable,whichhascreatedaunityofform,whichiscourtesy,comityatmosphere.DifferencesinthenatureoftheChineseandwesterndietareinosculatedwiththerespectivelifestyleandthepaceoflife.Theimpactbroughtaboutbyeconomicglobalizationisstrongeranddeeperthantheinternationalization.ChineseandWesternfoodculture’scollisionandexchangehavelargelypromotedtheprogressanddevelopmentofhumansocietytosomedegree,makingthedietaryculturebecomeanimportantpartofworldculture.BytheanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterndietarycultures,wecancomprehendtherespectiveculturaltraditionsofChinaandthewest.AndwecanalsoimproveandcreatethecultureofChina.
5.3英美是被同一语言分离的两个国家
Twocountriesdividedbyacommonlanguage:
theuseofEnglish&sharedhistorymakespeoplethinkthetwoareclose,buttherearealotofveryrealculturaldifferences.
BritainisatraditionalEuropeancountrywithlonghistoricaltraditioncontinuity,TheBritishtendstobeconservative,andbehaveslikeagentleman.However,TheUnitedStatesisanationofimmigrants,isayoungcountry.So,theAmericansdaretoinnovateandstressemphasisonpersonalvalue.
WecanseethattheBritisharesensitive,restrained,conservative,theytendtoberationalrigorousandgentlemanly.Bycomparison,Americansarewarmandcheerful,boldandfrank.Theyarewithaspiritofadventureandinnovation.
Ingeneral,Britishpeopletendtobecalmandquiet,butAmericanpeopletendtobeenthusiasticandactive.Americanpeoplearetalkativeandeasy-going.Theyarewillingtomakeafriendwithastranger.Secondly,Besides,Britis