美赛论文参考模版.docx

美赛论文参考模版.docx

《美赛论文参考模版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《美赛论文参考模版.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

美赛论文参考模版

TITLE

Abstract:

Keywords:

Contents

1.Introduction...................................................................................................................................................3

2.TheDescriptionofRisk…......................................................................................................................3

2.1Meaningofrisk......................................................................................................................................3

2.2Meaningoffinancerisks...................................................................................................................3

2.3Causesoffinancerisks.......................................................................................................................3

3.ProblemAnalysis…....................................................................................................................................4

3.1ProblemOne............................................................................................................................................4

3.2ProblemTwo...........................................................................................................................................4

4.Symbolsandassumptions....................................................................................................................4

4.1Symbols.......................................................................................................................................................4

4.2Assumptions.............................................................................................................................................6

5.Models…………….............................................................................................................................................6

5.1ModelA:

Factoranalysis...............................................................................................................6

5.2ModelB:

Timeseriesmodel...........................................................................................................9

6.SolutionandConclusionsoftheproblem.................................................................................11

6.1ProblemOne.........................................................................................................................................11

6.1.1TheadjustmentofWaterUtilizationStructure........................................................11

6.1.2TheallocationschemeofChinawateruseinvariousprovinces...................14

6.2ProblemTwo.......................................................................................................................................17

7.StrengthsandWeaknesses................................................................................................................20

7.1Strengths................................................................................................................................................20

7.2Weaknesses..........................................................................................................................................20

8.References...................................................................................................................................................21

9.Appendix......................................................................................................................................................21

9.1AppendixA............................................................................................................................................21

9.2AppendixB............................................................................................................................................22

9.3AppendixC...........................................................................................................................................23

I.Introduction

Notonlycandisastersdirectlycauseimmensehumansufferingandloss,financeriskmayalsoleadtolong-termindirectconsequences.Inordertopreventarepeatmarketcrash,thefollowingbackgroundisworthmentioning.

1.1InthePast

Developedcountriesasadominant,andgraduallyrealizedeconomicglobalization.Themarketcrashof2008thatplungedtheworldintotheeconomicrecession,Thedevelopmentoffinancialmarketsmade​​theworldclosely,theU.S.subprimemortgagecrisishasbroughtdisastertotheglobaleconomy,Almostinstantaneously,bankfailuresandunemploymentmaketheworldinchaos.

1.2AtthePresent

Multinationalenterprisespromotedthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,sothatcontactbetweenthestateandthecountrymorecloselyandcomplexity.Continuouslyimprovethepositionofdevelopingcountries,Globaleconomicgrowthpowertransferaftertheeconomiccrisis.

1.3IntheFuture

Since2000,theaverageannualgrowthratewasdevelopedcountries2.52%,whiledevelopingcountriesfor6.36%,faraheadoftheworld'saverageLevel.Internationalfinanciallandscapechanged,ControlthefinancialriskandstrengthenfinancialsupervisorTubetobeamainpolicy.

Globalproductionnetworkspresentsthreenewtrends:

oneistheheavyindustrygrouptotriggeraglobalcross-borderindustrialtransferspeedup;Second,regionalsupplychainstatusrise;Third,asthecoremarketshift,themarket-orientedsupplychainstatustendtorise.

Financialriskhastheobjectivityofthenatureofrisk,uncertainty,predictability,etc.Intheprocessofmarketeconomygrowing,theobjectiveexistenceoffinancialriskisinevitable.Withtheintensityofcompetitioninthemarketstrengtheningcontinuously,understandingfinancialriskandtoseekreasonablemeasurestoresolvethefinancialriskforthesustainabledevelopmentofenterprisesareveryimportant.

II.TheDescriptionofRisk

2.1MeaningofRisk

Atpresent,thereisnodefinitionofriskinacademia,becausescholarswhostudyriskfromdifferentangles,hasdifferentinterpretationsontheconcept.Wecanconcludesomerepresentativeviewpointasfollows.

Riskisthelikelihood,probability,ordegreeofprobabilityoflossorinjury.[1]

Riskisthefoundationofinsurancebutabriefsurveyofinsurancetextbooksrevealsdifferencesofopinionamongauthorsconcerningthedefinitionof“risk”.

Riskisanadvantageordisadvantagetowhichanindividualisexposed.Itoccurswhenthefalloutsofatakendecisionorundertakenactionaremoreorlesslikely.

2.2MeaningofFinanceRisks

Financialriskisanumbrellatermformultipletypesofriskassociatedwithfinancing,includingfinancialtransactionsthatincludecompanyloansinriskofdefault.[2][3][4]

Riskisatermoftenusedtoimplydownsiderisk,meaningtheuncertaintyofareturnandthepotentialforfinancialloss.[5][6]Inadditiontofinancialrisks,therearefivebroadcategoriesofinvestmentrisksknownasfiverisks.[7]AsciencehasevolvedaroundmanagingmarketandfinancialriskunderthegeneraltitleofmodernportfoliotheoryinitiatedbyDr.HarryMarkowitzin1952withhisarticle,"PortfolioSelection".[8]Inmodernportfoliotheory,thevariance（orstandarddeviation）ofaportfolioisusedasthedefinitionofrisk.

Innarrowlevel,thefinancialriskassociateswithdebtmanagement.It’stheuncertainfinancialresultscausedbyenterprisesrepayingdebtsthataredueusingmonetaryfund.

Inbroadlevel,thefinancialriskisthatintheprocessoffinancialactivities,duetovariousfactorsthataredifficulttopredictorcontrol,thefinancialsituationhasuncertainty,sothatenterpriseshavesufferedlosses.Broadfinancialriskmainlyperformsasfinancingrisk,investmentrisk,capitalrecoveryrisk,theincomedistributionrisk,cashflowrisk,associatedfinancialrisk,foreignexchangeriskandcapitaloperationalriskandotherforms.[9]

2.3CausesofFinanceRisks

Financialriskpassesthroughtheentireprocessoffinancialmanagementactivities.Analyzingthereasonsthatcausefinancialriskcanhelpustoimplementtargetedmeasurestoavoidfinancialrisk.

2.3.1TheComplexityandPolygonofEnterpriseExternalFinancialManagement[10]

Theexternalfinancialmanagementofenterprisebusinessenvironmentmainlyincludeseconomicfactor,legalfactor,socio-culturalfactor,marketfactorfourfactors.[11]

Theseexternalfactorsexistoutofenterprise,andtheyareoutcontrolofenterprise,buttheyhavesignificantimpactonfinancialriskofenterprise.Complexityandchangingofmacroeconomicenvironmentwillinevitableleadfinancialrisktoenterprise.

Thecomplexityandchangingofexternalmacroenvironmentmaybringsomeopportunitiestoenterprises,mayalsobringsomechallengestoenterprises,alloftheseareoutcontrolofenterprises.Theexternalmacroenvironmentchange,butfinancialmanagementsystemislackofadaptiveabilityandstrainability,thatmakestheenterprisereactionlagbehindtheexternalmacroenvironmentchangeandhavenotimelyandeffectiveavoidancemeasuressothattoleadtotheoccurrenceoffinancialrisk.

2.3.2TheEnterprise'sOwnInternalReasons

（1）Theirrationalityofaccountingelementsstructureinenterprisebusiness

Accountingelementsareassets,liabilities,equity,revenues,expenses,profits.Incertainaccountingperiod,theirrationalityofthestructureofthesixelementsthemselvesandthestructurebetweeneachotherwillleadtochangesofenterpriseearningsuncertainty,thuspromptingtheoccurrenceoffinancialrisk.

（2）Theconditionalityofsubjectivemanagementdecision-makingsysteminenterpriseSystem

Thesubjectivemanagementdecision-makingsysteminent