dtrxbxi雅思必背的长句100句有分析的.docx
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dtrxbxi雅思必背的长句100句有分析的
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|Youhavetobelieve,thereisaway.Theancientssaid:
"thekingdomofheavenistryingtoenter".Onlywhenthereluctantstepbysteptogotoit'stime,mustbemanagedtogetonestepdown,onlyhavestruggledtoachieveit.
--GuoGeTech
雅思必背的长句100句(有分析的)
1.TypicalofthegrasslanddwellersofthecontinentistheAmericanantelope,orpronghorn.
(“主-系-表”结构,倒装句。
)
2.OfthemillionswhosawHaley'scometin1986,howmanypeoplewilllivelongenoughtoseeitreturninthetwenty-firstcentury?
(of介词短语提前到句首,起强调作用,“常规位置”应在主谓之间,即people与willlive之间。
)
3.Anthropologistshavediscoveredthatfear,happiness,sadnessandsurpriseareuniversallyreflectedinfacialexpressions.
(含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句为现在完成时,从句为一般现在时被动语态。
)
4.Becauseofitsirritatingeffectonhumans,theuseofphenolasageneralantiseptichasbeenlargelydiscontinued.
(简单句,现在完成时,被动语态,becauseof介词短语作原因状语。
)
5.Inordertoremaininexistence,aprofit-makingorganizationmust,inthelongrun,producesomethingconsumersconsiderusefulordesirable.
(含有定语从句的主从复合句,定语从句的引导词that在从句中作consider的宾语,故省略,usefulordesirable是形容词作宾语补足语;inordertodosth.是不定式短语作目的状语的强调形式;inthelongrun意为“长远看来”/“最终”。
)
6.Thegreaterthepopulationthereisinalocality,thegreatertheneedthereisforwater,transportation,anddisposalofrefuse.
("Themore...,themore..."特殊句型,通常译为“越……,越……”;therebe句型;refuse在此不是“拒绝”的意思,而是“废物,垃圾”。
)
7.Itismoredifficulttowritesimply,directlyandeffectivelythantoemployflowerybutvagueexpressionsthatonlyobscureone'smeaning.
(含有比较状语从句和定语从句的复合句,than引导的比较状语从句为避免重复省略了谓语部分"itisdifficult";此句的重点是it代替不定式短语作“形式主句”,原因是避免“头重脚轻”;that引导的定语从句是普通的“主谓宾”结构,obscure作动词,被从句修饰/
限定的“先行词”是expressions。
)
8.Withmodernofficesbecomingmoremechanized,designersareattemptingtopersonalizethemwithwarmer,lesssevereinteriors.
(简单句;典型的"with+n.+分词短语"独立主格结构,作状语;attempt要求用不定
式作宾语;形容词的比较级;interiors在此是名词,意为“内部装饰”。
)
9.Thedifferencebetweenlibelandslanderisthatlibelisprintedwhileslanderisspoken.
(含有表语从句的主从复合句,主句为“主-系-表”结构,从句是并列句;该句是表述区别的典型句式:
ThedifferencebetweenAandBisthatA...whileB....;between介词短语作后置定语。
)
10.Thekneeisthejointwherethethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.
(含有定语从句的主从复合句,从句引导词是关系副词where,相当于atwhich,从句是“主-谓-宾”结构,一般现在时;主句是“主-系-表”结构,一般现在时。
)
11.Acidsarechemicalcompoundsthat,inwatersolution,haveasharptaste,acorrosiveactiononmetals,andtheabilitytoturncertainbluevegetabledyesred.
(“主-系-表”结构,名词性表语带有一个由that引导的限制性定语从句,从句是“主-谓-宾”结构,宾语是三个并列的名词ataste,anactionandtheability;其中ability后跟不定式短语作定语,该短语中的red是宾语补足语。
)
12.BillieHoliday'sreputationasagreatjazz-bluessingerrestsonherabilitytogiveemotionaldepthtohersongs.
(“主-谓”结构的简单句,主干是“reputationrests”,on介词短语作状语,介词宾语ability后跟不定式短语作定语。
)
13.Essentially,atheoryisanabstract,symbolicrepresentationofwhatisconceivedtobereality.
(“主-系-表”结构,名词性表语带有of介词短语作后置定语,介词宾语是一个由what引
的、被动语态的名词性从句。
)
14.Longbeforechildrenareabletospeakorunderstandalanguage,theycommunicatethroughfacialexpressionsandbymakingnoises.
(带有由before引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句;用一般现在时陈述客观事实;主句的
干theycommunicate是“主-谓”结构,through和by两个介词短语作状语。
)
15.Thankstomodernirrigation,cropsnowgrowabundantlyinareaswhereoncenothingbutcactiandsagebrushcouldlive.
(带有where引导的定语从句的主从复合句;主句的主干cropsgrow是“主-谓”结构,in
词短语作状语,介词宾语后跟where引导的定语从句;主句是一般现在时,从句是一般过时;thanksto介词短语作状语。
)
16.Thedevelopmentofmechanicaltimepiecesspurredthesearchformoreaccuratesundialswithwhichtoregulatethem.
(“主-谓-宾”结构的简单句;主干是developmentspurredsearch;主语和宾语均带有介词短语作定语;withwhichtoregulatethem是特殊的不定式短语,相当于定语从句withwhichonecouldregulatethem;them指代的是timepieces。
)
17.Anthropologyisascienceinthatanthropologistsusearigoroussetofmethodsandtechniquestodocumentobservationsthatcanbecheckedbyothers.
(含有inthat...原因状语从句和that定语从句的主从复合句;主句是“主-系-表”结构,名词作表语;定语从句是被动语态,先行词是observations;todocumentobservations...是不定式短语作目的状语。
)
18.Fungiareimportantintheprocessofdecay,whichreturnsingredientstothesoil,enhancessoilfertility,anddecomposesanimaldebris.
(用一般现在时陈述真理性事实;含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句,主句是“主-系-
”结构,形容词作表语,in介词短语作状语;定语从句是有三个谓语的并列句,先行词是process,ofdecay介词短语作process的定语。
)
19.Whenitisstruck,atuningforkproducesanalmostpuretone,retainingitspitchoveralongperiodoftime.
(含有when时间状语从句的主从复合句;主句主干是aforkproducesatone,显然是“主-谓-宾”结构;tuning是动名词作定语,表示用途;retaining...是现在分词短语作伴随状语
。
)
20.AlthoughpecansaremostplentifulinthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates,theyarefoundasfarnorthasOhioandIllinois.
(含有although引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句;主句是被动语态;从句是“主-系-表”
结构。
)
21.Eliminatingproblemsbytransferringtheblametoothersisoftencalledscapegoating.
(被动语态简单句;主语是动名词短语,其中的by介词短语作动名词eliminating的状语;toothers是介词短语作动名词transferring的状语;scapegoating是动名词作主语补足语。
)
22.Thechieffoodseateninanycountrydependlargelyonwhatgrowsbestinitsclimateandsoil.
(含有宾语从句的主从复合句;dependon意为“取决于”/“要看”;主语foods后跟过去分词短语作定语,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句,可改为thatareeateninanycountry...;what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语。
)
23.Overaverylargenumberoftrials,theprobabilityofanevent'soccurringisequaltotheprobabilitythatitwillnotoccur.
(含有同位语从句的主从复合句;主句为“主-系-表”结构,表语是形容词短语equalto...;of介词短语作主语的定语;that引导同位语从句;over介词短语作状语。
)
24.Mostsubstancescontractwhentheyfreezesothatthedensityofasubstance'ssolidishigherthanthedensityofitsliquid.
(主从复合句,含有when引导的时间状语从句、sothat引导的结果状语从句和than引导的比较状语从句;主句主干substancescontract是“主-谓”结构。
)
25.Themechanismbywhichbraincellsstorememoriesisnotclearlyunderstood.
(主从复合句,含有bywhich引导的定语从句;主句主干是被动语态;从句主干是“主-谓-宾”结构。
)
26.Bythemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,paintersandsculptorsintheUnitedStateshadbeguntoexertagreatworldwideinfluenceoverart.
(简单句,过去完成时与作时间状语的by介词短语连用;exertaninfluenceoversth./sb.对……施加影响;intheUnitedStates是介词短语作定语。
)
27.IntheeasternpartofNewJerseyliesthecityofElizabeth,amajorshippingandmanufacturingcenter.
(简单句,典型的倒装句----主语是thecityofElizabeth,原因是主语带有同位语,整个主语部分比较长----如果在逗号后添加whichis,句语主语的同位语就变成了非限制性定语从句;lie,stand,go,come等词经常用于介词短语(作地点状语)提前到句首的倒装句。
)
28.ElizabethBlackwell,thefirstwomanmedicaldoctorintheUnitedStates,foundedtheNewYorkInfirmary,aninstitutionthathasalwayshadacompletelyfemalemedicalstaff.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的定语从句----先行词institution作Infirmary的同位语;主句主干是“主-谓-宾”结构;主语和谓语之间是主语的同位语。
)
29.AlexanderGrahamBelloncetoldhisfamilythathewouldratherberememberedasateacherofthedeafthanastheinventorofthetelephone.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的宾语从句和than引导的状语从句;重点掌握表示“取舍”的句型“...wouldrather...than...”。
)
30.Becauseitsleavesremaingreenlongafterbeingpicked,rosemarybecameassociatedwiththeideaofremembrance.
(主从复合句,含有because引导的原因状语从句;主句和从句都是“主-系-表”结构,分别是过去分词和形容词作表语;remain和become都是连系动词。
)
31.Althoughapparentlyrigid,bonesexhibitadegreeofelasticitythatenablestheskeletontowithstandconsiderableimpact.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的定语从句;主句是“主-谓-宾”结构,从句是“主-谓-宾-补”结构;掌握固定搭配“enablesb./sth.todosth.”,towithstand...是不定式短语作宾语补足语;althoughapparentlyrigid是一个作状语的形容词短语,相当于although引导的让步状语从句"althoughtheyareapparentlyrigid"。
)
32.Thatxenoncouldnotformchemicalcompoundswasoncebelievedbyscientists.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的主语从句,引导词that不充当成分也没有任何意义但不能省略;主句主干是“主-谓”结构,被动语态。
)
33.Researchintothedynamicsofstormsisdirectedtowardimprovingtheabilitytopredicttheseeventsandthustominimizedamageandavoidlossoflife.
(简单句,主干是researchisdirected,被动语态;into介词短语作后置定语;towardimproving...介词短语作状语;improvingtheability...动名词短语作介词toward的宾语;topredict...andtominimize...andavoid...是不定式短语作ability的定语。
)
34.Theeliminationofinflationwouldensurethattheamountofmoneyusedinrepayingaloanwouldhavethesamevalueastheamountofmoneyborrowed.
(虚拟语气主从复合句,含有that引导的宾语从句;主句主干“eliminationwouldensurethat...”是“主-谓-宾”结构;从句主干“theamountwouldhavethevalue...”是“主-谓-宾”结构;as引导特殊的定语从句,掌握thesame...as...;注意过去分词used...和borrowed作定语,相当于被动语态的定语从句,可分别改为“thatisusedinrepayingaloan”和“thatwasborrowed”。
)
35.Futurism,anearlytwentieth-centurymovementinart,rejectedalltraditionsandattemptedtoglorifycontemporarylifebyemphasizingthemachineandmotion.
(并列句,一个主语两个谓语;两个分句共用一个主语,都是“主谓宾”结构,主干分别是“futurismrejectedtraditions”和“futurismattemptedtoglorify...”;toglorify...by...是不定式短语作attempted的宾语;byemphasizingthemachineandmotion是介词短语作toglorify的状语;两个逗号之间是同位语,加上whichwas即可改为非限制性定语从句。
)
36.OneofthewildestandmostinaccessiblepartsoftheUnitedStatesistheEvergladeswherewildlifeisabundantandlargelyprotected.
(主从复合句,含有where引导的定语从句。
)
37.LucretiaMott'sinfluencewassosignificantthatshehasbeencreditedbysomeauthoritiesastheoriginatoroffeminismintheUnitedStates.
(主从复合句,含有so...that引导的结果状语从句;建议把so...that...“如此……以致于……”当作句型来记;主句是“主系表”结构,从句是被动语态,“主谓”结构,by介词短语和as短语都是状语,of和in介词短语作后置定语。
)
38.Theactivitiesoftheinternationalmarketingresearcherarefrequentlymuchbroaderthanthoseofthedomesticmarketer.
(主从复合句,含有than引导的比较状语从句,从句省略了谓语部分“arebroad”;of介词短语作后置定语;those代替前面出现过的复数名词activities,是英语里避免重复的习惯用法。
)
39.ThecontinentaldividereferstoanimaginarylineintheNorthAmericanRockiesthatdividethewatersflowingintotheAtlanticOceanfromthoseflowingintothePacific.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的定语从句,先行词是line,intheNorthAmericanRockies是介词短语作定语,作定语的短语位置应在定语从句之前;主句主干“dividereferstoaline”是“主谓宾”结构,从句主干“thatdividethewatersfrom...”也是“主谓宾”结构;those指代前面出现过的复数名词waters。
)
40.StudiesofthegravityfieldoftheEarthindicatethatitscrustandmantleyieldwhenunusualweightisplacedonthem.
(主从复合句,含有that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句;两个of介词短语均作
后置定语;主句的主干“Studiesindicatethat...”是“主谓宾”结构;宾语从句的主干“crustandmantleyield”是“主谓”结构;时间状语从句的主干“weightisplacedon...”是“主-谓-主补”结构;them指代的是