42025基础班词汇讲义.docx
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42025基础班词汇讲义
考研英语基础词汇课程
一、形象化记忆法
chill
trail
isolate
snowflake
二、“一读，二拼，三变形，四为拆分，五开屏”记忆法
nutrition
curse
pest
spouse
siren
leisure
quaint
gloom
assault
fiend
scream
drown
poise
routine
engine
rub
temper
三、分类记忆法
vive系列
revive
survive
vivisect
vivid
tent系列
tent
attention
content
intention
patent
test及text系列
test
protest
contest
text
context
pretext
四、词根词缀记忆法
1．辨别单词
例1Theradiocan_____signals.
[A]transmit[B]emit
2．统一单词的很多含义
compose
confess
3．扩充词汇
regress
congress
aggressive
egress
reputation
computer
dispute
第一篇众口齐说
说：
①fess/fest②voc/vok③claim④nounce⑤dic/dict⑥lect⑦log/loqu
fess=speak,表示“说”（与fess有关的词围绕着“说话，自我表白”的意思造词）
confess
combine
compete
conclude
confirm
condense
consolidate
conflict
profess
词缀:
pre-表示“….前的，预先”
preschool
prehistory
precise
predict
pro-
progress
project
promote
prominent
profession
professional
professor
manifest
manifesto
voc,vok=callvoice,表示“叫喊，声音”
vocal
vocalist
vocation
avocation
vocabulary
advocate
词缀:
ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同辅音字母的词根前，表示“一再”等加强意
accelerate
accumulate
addict
aggravate
appoint
advocator
evoke
前缀：
①ex表示出去
exclude
exceed
exhale
②表示“前面的，前任的”
ex-wife
ex-president
evocation
revoke
evoke
provoke
claim,clam=cryout,shout，表示“呼喊，叫喊”
claim
acclaim
exclaim
exclamation
proclaim
proclamation
reclaim
reclamation
nounce,nunci=speak，表示“讲话，说出”
announce
announcement
announcer
denounce
condemn
词缀de：
①表示“去掉，变坏，离开，变慢，向下”等
deforest
devalue
depress
decode
②表示“使……成为，加强”等
depict
design
definition
pronounce
pronounciation
pronounced
pronouncement
dict,dic=say,assert，表示“说话，断言”
dictate
dictator
dictatorship
contradict
contra-表示反
contrary
contradiction
contradictory
predict
forecast
prophesy
prediction
dedicate
dedication
indicate
indication
indicative
addict
addiction
verdict
judgement
lect,leg=speak,read，表示“讲，读”
lecture
dialect
legible
illegible
eligible
legend
legendary
注：
lect,leg,lig作为词根还有一个非常重要的意思，即“选择”
elect
election
select
selection
neglect
ignore
intellect
intellectual
intelligence
collect
collection
collective
elegant
diligent
diligence
recollect
elite
Log（唠嗑）,loqu=speak,表示“说话”
logic
词缀：
-ic表名词，“人或学科”
critic
psychotic
mimic
arithmetic
analogy
analogue
analysis
apology
apologize
catalogue
eloquent
dialogue
prologue
monologue
monotonous
第二篇眼疾手快
看：
①vis/vid②spect③view
spect,spic=look,see,表示“看”
aspect
expect
expectation
inspect
inspection
perspective
per-表示“贯穿，自始至终”
perspective
permanent
persist
persuade
perplexed
permeate
prospect
prospective
respect
respectful
respectable
respective
retrospect
retrospective
suspect
suspicion
suspicious
suspectable
spectacle
spectacular
spectator
spectate
hypocritical
ample
speculate
speculation
ponder
reflect
contemplate
meditate
muse
conspicuous
despise
despicable
vis,vid=see表示“看”
vision
visionary
visible
visual
invisible
advise
advisory
revise
revision
supervise
词缀：
super-
①表示“超级，超过，过度”
supersized
supernatural
superfluous
②表示“在…上面”
supervise
superstructure
superficial
superstition
supervision
evident
evidence
provide
provision
envy
envious
写：
①scribe/scription②gram/graph
scrib,script=write,表示“写”
script
inscribe
describe
prescription
subscribe
graph,gram=write,表示“写，图”
biography
biographer
biochemistry
autobiography
photograph
telegraph
program
diagram
做：
①fic/fig/fect/fact/feat②labor③oper
fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示“做，制作”
facile
ile表形容词，“……的”
juvenile
fertile
infertile
表名词，“物体”
missile
profile
domicile
automobile
facilitate
factor
faculty
affect
affected
affection
affective
defect
shortcoming
shortage
flaw
weakness
effect
effective
infect
infection
infectious
disinfected
perfect
perfection
modest
immodest
measurable-immeasurable
moral-immoral
possible-impossible
polite-impolite
partial-impartial
sacrifice
sacred
efficient
deficient
proficient
sufficient
词根sur=超过
surpass
surface
survivor
revive
surplus
suffice
ample
abundant
profit
fiction
feature
feasible
defeat
conquer
overcome
figure
fashion
fashionable
labor=labor,表示“劳动”
labour/labor
laborious
laboratory
elaborate
collaborate
Oper=work,表示“工作”
opera
operate
operable
operation
cooperate
cooperation
第三篇川流不息
出：
①miss/mit
mission
missionary
commit
committee
commissionn.
dismiss
emit
emission
transmission
omit
omission
permit
permission
permissive
submit
premise
promise
admit
acknowledge
admit
confess
recognize
intermittent
词缀：
inter-表示“在…之间，相互”
international
intervene
interference
interact
interface
去：
①cess②ceed/ced
ced,ceed,cess=go,表示“行走，前进”
concession
precede
preceding
previous
precedent
procedure
recede
recession
depression
proceed
process
exceed
surpass
excess
excessive
excessively
exceeding
exceedingly
access
succeed
success
successor
succession
successive
带来或带走：
fer
ferry
词缀:
ry做名词后缀
territory
adversary
confer
conferment
conference
shortlist
ballot
attendee
－ee后缀，表示“……者”
devotee
retiree
refugee
recipient
plough（through）
compulsion
robotics
offer
offering
difference
differentiate
indifferent
infer
in-/im-表示“向内，进入”
imprison
impulse
implicit
inborn
incentive
incorporate
indoor
inference
inferable
inferential
prefer
preferable
preference
refer
referable
reference
referee
suffer
suc-,suf-,sup-,sur-等在同辅音词根前表示“在……下面”
succeed
support
suppress
suppose
surround
surrounding
transfer
transportation
transplant
transparent
transient
permanent
momentary
temporary
transition
transaction
transcend
ascend
transcend
descend
successor
predecessor
offspring
transferable
transference
fertile
-ile易于……的
fragile
mobile
versatile
fertility
fertilize
fertilizer
流：
①cur②flu
①cur
current
curriculum
stadiumauditoriumforummuseum
incur
incursionincursive
occur
excursion
course
discourse
intercourse
②flu流
flu
fluid
flush
fluency
affluent
influence
superfluous
第四篇手到擒来
放：
pose/pon
pose
compose
composer
composition
component
decompose
expose
exposition
exposure
impose
oppose
opponent
opposing
propose
proposal
proposition
dispose
①dis-表否定：
dislike
disorder
dishonest
discourage
disarm
②dis-表分开：
distract
discriminate
dismiss
discard
disposal
disposition
disposable
personality
temperament
temper
purpose
position
positive
deposit
deposition
disposition
depository
depose
dispose
suppose
presuppose
抓：
①tain/tin/ten②cap/cep/cip/cup/ceive
1tain/tin/ten
attain
obtain
attainment
attainable
contain
entertain
detain
maintain
retain
词缀:
re=back①表示“向后，相反，不”
reflect
retreat
resist
reverse
revolt
resent
2表示“一再，重新”
repeat
reappear
reassure
recommend
recompense
sustain
sustainable
unsustainable
content
contentscontenteddiscontent
continue
continual
continuous
continuation
cap/cep/cip/cup/ceive=take,hold
capture
cap=head,表示“头”
capital
capitalism
capitalist
captain
cape
capacity
capacitycapabilityability
capable
capacious
captive
accept
reception
receptionist
receipt
recipient
-ent表示人
student
president
antecedent
resident
correspondent
acceptability
conceive
conception
conceivable
inconceivable
deceive
deceptive
deception
except
exceptional
perceive
perception
anticipate
anticipation
participate
participant
participation
principal
principle
occupy
occupieroccupantoccupancyoccupation
occupational
preoccupation
拿：
①sume②port
1sume
consume
consumer
consuming
consumption
exhaust
assume
resume
presume
2port:
拿；运
portable
support
supportive
transport
portion
proportion
export
porter
passport
importance
report
opportunity
第五篇站如青松
1sist②struct③stable/stacle④stance/stand/stant
sist=stand,表示“站立”
assist
assistance
assistant
consist
consistence
inconsistent
exist
existence
persist
persistent
persevere
insistent
resist
resistance
resistant
irresistible
struct=build，表示“建立”
structure
construct
destruction
instruct
instruction
instructor
obstruct
obstruction
instrument
instrumental
appliance
sta,stat,stan,stant,stin=stand，表示“站，立”
stable
stability
steady
obstacle
circumstance
instance
instant
instantaneous
substance
substantial
substantially
constant
constancy
distant
distance
state
statement
statesman
stationary
stationery
static
status
status,statue,statute,stature
estate
statistics
ics表示学科:
physicsdynamicslinguisticseconomics
statistical
statistically
withstand
withdraw
withhold
第六篇峰回路转
average
beverage
conversely
converse
conversation
convert
changealtervaryconverttransform
conversion
adverse
adversity
adversary
university
universe
universal
universally
diverse
diversity
diversify
diversification
diversion
divert
anniversary
controversy
controversial
reverse
reversible
irreversible
verse
version
versus
versatile
vertical
perverted
avert
advertise
advertisement
第七篇引领大局
duce/duct
educate
education
educational
deduce
deducible
deduct
deductive
deductible
deduction
induce
inducement
induct
induction
introduce
introduction
introductory
reduce
produce
product
productive
unproductive
productivity
production
reduce
conduct
conductor
semiconductor
conductive
conduction
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