秋人教版英语高二上学期月考试题2.docx
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秋人教版英语高二上学期月考试题2
中山一中2018-2019学年度第一学期第一次段考
高二英语试题
第一部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、
C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Howmanymendohousework?
RecentlyaEuropeancommissiontriedtofindoutpeople’sideasandreactionstothewomen’smovement.Aspartoftheirsurvey,theyaskedmanymenandwomenthequestion,”Whodoesthehousework?
”Themenansweredverydifferentlyfromthewomen!
Thehouseworktheyaskedpeopleaboutwere:
preparingmeals,washingdishes,cleaningthehouseandbabysitting.48%ofBritishhusbandssaidtheydidthesethings.37%ofDanish(丹麦的)menhelpedinthehouse.Butonly15%ofItalianmensaidtheydidthehousework;manyofthemsaidtheyneverhelpedatall!
Buttherewasaninterestingpointofviewfromthewives.AccordingtoBritishwives,only38%oftheirhusbandshelpedinthehouse.AndItalianwivessaidthattheirhusband
shardlyeverhelped.TheItalianandBritishmendidnottellthetruth!
TheCommissionfoundthatDanishmenwerethemosttruthfulhusbands.Theiranswerswerethesameastheirwives’answers.
Dothemenyouknowhelpinthehouse?
Doyouthinkthesurveygivesatruepictureinyourexperience?
Writeandtelluswhatyouthink.
1.Thesurveywascarriedoutin.
A.BritainB.ItalyC.DenmarkD.Europe
2.Thesubjectforthesurveyis.
A.howmanyboysdothehouseworkB.whodoesthehouseworkathome
C.howmanywomendothehouseworkD.whoaremorediligent,wivesorhusbands
3.Fromthepassagewecanseethat.
A.thereweremorehusbandswhodidthehouseworkthanwives
B.husbandsdidhalfofthehouseworkallthetime
C.thereweremorewiveswhodidthehouseworkthanhusbands
D.wivesdidalmostallthehouseworkathome
4.Morehusbandshelpinthehousethanhusbands.
A.British;DanishB.Italian;DanishC.Danish;BritishD.Italian;British
B
BrendaBongoswasahappy,artisticgirl.Shehadonebigdream—toplaythedrumsinaband.Butonebigproblemlayinherway.Tobegoodenoughtoplayinaband
Brendahadtopracticealot,butshelivednext-doortoalotofoldpeople.Manyofthemaresick.Sheknewtha
tthesoundofbeatingdrumswouldreallygetontheirnerves.So,shehadtriedplayinginthestrangestplaces:
abasement,akitchen,andeveninashower.Buttherewasalwayssomeoneitwouldannoy.
Oneday,whilewatchingasciencedocumentaryonTV,sheh
eardthatsoundcannottravelinspace,becausethere'snoair.Atthatmoment,BrendaBongosdecidedtobecomeasortofmusicalastronaut.
Withthehelpofalotoftime,booksandwork,Brendabuiltaspacebubble.Thiswasabigglassballconnectedtoamachinewhichsuckedoutalltheairinside.Allthatwouldbeleftinsidewasadrumkit(成套设备)andachair.Brendagotintothespacesuitshehadmade,enteredthebubble,turnedonthemachine,andplayedthosedrumslikeawildchild.
Itwasn'tlongbeforeBrendaBongoscameveryfamous.Manypeoplecametoseeherplayinherspacebubble.Shortlyafterwardsshecameoutofthebubbleandstartedgivingconcerts.Herfamespreadsomuchthatthegovernmentsuggestedthatshebepartofauniqu
espacejourney.Finally,Brendawasarealmusicalastronaut,andhadgonefarbeyondherfirstambitionofplayingdrumsinaband.
Yearslater,whenaskedhowshehadachievedallthis,shethoughtforamoment,andsaid:
''Ifthoseoldpeoplenext–doorhadn'tmatteredsomuchtome,Iwouldn'thavefoundasolution,andnoneofthiswouldhaveeverhappened.''
5.WhydidBrendatrytoplayinthestrangestplaces?
A.Becauseshedidn'twantotherstohearherplayB.Becauseshedidn'tmeantodisturbothers.
C.Becauseshedidn'thaveherownroomD.Becauseshedidn’tlikeherneighbors.
6.Brendastartedtogiveconcerts.
A.aftershepracticedinherspacebubbleB.whenshebecamepartoftheuniquespacejourney
C.aftershebecamearealmusicalastronautD.whenpeoplecametoseeherinthespacebubble
7.Brendabecamefamousbecause.
A.shewasgoodatmusicandscienceB.shebecamearealmusicalastronaut
C.sheinventedaspecialwayofpracticeD.sheplayedwellandhadatalent
8.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat:
"".
A.HelaughsbestwholaughslastB.It'snevertoooldtolearn
C.TwoheadsarebetterthanoneD.Onegoodturndeservesanother
C
FourpeopleinEnglandbackin1953,staredatPhoto51.Itwasn’tmuch—apicture
showingablackX.ButthreeofthesepeoplewontheNobelPrizeforfiguringoutwhatthephotoreallyshowed–theshapeofDNA.ThediscoverybroughtfameandfortunetoscientistsJamesWatson,FrancisCrick,andMauriceWilkins.Thefourth,theonewhoactuallymadethepicture,wasleftout.
HernamewasRosalindFranklin.“Sheshouldhavebeenupthere,”sayshistorianMaryBowden.“Ifherphotoshadn’tbeenthere,theotherscouldn’thavecomeupwiththestructure.”OnereasonFranklinwasmissingwasthatshehaddiedofcancerfouryearsbeforetheNobeldecision.ButnowscholarsdoubtthatFranklinwasnotonlyrobbedofherlifebydiseasebutrobbedofcreditbyhercompetitors
AtCambridgeUniversityinthe1950s,WatsonandCricktriedtomakemodelsbycuttingupshapesofDNA’spartsandthenputtingthemtogether.Inthemeantime,atKing’sCollegeinLondon,FranklinandWilkinsshoneX-raysatthemolecule(分子).Theraysproducedpatternsreflectingtheshape.
ButWilkinsandFranklin’srelationshipwasalotrockierthanthecelebratedteamworkofWatsonandCrick,WilkinsthoughtFranklinwashiredtobehisassistant.ButthecollegeactuallyemployedhertotakeovertheDNAproject.
WhatshedidwasproduceX-raypicturesthattoldWatsonandCrickthatoneoftheirearlymodelswasinsideout.Andshewasnotshyaboutsayingso.ThatangeredWatson,whoattackedherinreturn,“Mereinspectionsuggestedthatshewouldnoteasilybend.Clearlyshehadtogoorbeputinherplace.”
AsFranklin’scompetitors,Wilkins,WatsonandCrickhadmuchtogainbycuttingheroutofthelittlegroupofresearchers,sayshistorianPninaAbir-Am.In1962attheNobel
Prizeawardingceremony,Wilkinsthanked13colleaguesbynamebeforehementionedFranklin.Watsonwrotehisbooklaughingather.Crickwrotein1974that“Franklinwasonlytwostepsawayfromthesolution.”
No,Franklinwasthesolution.“ShecontributedmorethananyotherplayertosolvingthestructureofDNA.Shemustbeconsideredaco-discoverer,”Abir-Amsays.ThiswasbackedupbyAaronKlug,whoworkedwithFranklinandlaterwonaNobelPrizehimself.Oncedescribedasthe“DarkLadyofDNA”,Frank
linisfinallycomingintothelight.
9.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.ThedisagreementsamongDNAresearchers.B.TheunfairtreatmentofFranklin.
C.TheprocessofdiscoveringDNA.D.Theracebetweentwoteamsofscientists.
10.WatsonwasangrywithFranklinbecauseshe.
A.tooktheleadinthecompetitionB.keptherresultsfromhim
C.provedsomeofhisfindingswrongD.sharedherdatawithotherscientists
11.Theunderlinedphrase“backedup”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.
A.supportedB.arguedC.toleratedD.rejected
12.WhyisFranklindescribedas“DarkLadyofDNA”?
A.Shedevelopedpicturesindarklabs.B.ShediscoveredtheblackX-theshapeofDNA.
C.Hernamewasforgottenafterherdeath.D.Hercontributionwasunknowntothepublic.
D
Lastsummer,twonineteenth-centurycottageswererescuedfromremotefarmfieldsinMontana,tobemovedtoanArtDecobuildinginSanFrancisco.Thehousesweremadeofwood.ThesecottagesoncehousedearlysettlersastheyworkedthedryMontanasoil;nowtheyholdTwitterengineers
.
Thecottagescouldbeanexampleoftheindustry’soddloveaffairwith“lowtechnology,”aconceptassociatedwiththenaturalworld,andwithold-schoolcraftsmanship(手艺)
thatexistslongbeforetheInternetera.Lowtechnologyisnotvirtual(虚拟的)—so,totakeadvantageofit,Internetcompanieshavehadtogetcreative.Therescuedwoodcottages,fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen-hundreds,areanobviousexample,butTwitter’sdesignslieontheextremeend.Othercompaniesareusingabroaderexplanationoflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature.
Amazonisbuildingthreeglassspheresfilledwithtrees,sothatemployeescan“workandsocializeinamorenatural,park-likesetting.”AtGoogle’soffice,anentireflooriscarpetedinglass.Facebook’ssecondMenloParkcampuswillhavearooftopparkwithawalkingtrail.
OlleLundberg,thefounderofLundbergDesign,hasworkedwithmanytechcompaniesovertheyears.“Wehavelosttheconnectiontothemakerinourlives,andourtechengineersaretheoneswhofeelimpoverished(贫乏的),becausethey’resurroundedbythedigitalworld,”hesays.“They’
relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity,andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.”
Thiscraftbasedtheoryisrootedinhistory,WilliamMorris,theEnglishartistandwriter,turnedbacktopre-industrialartsintheeighteen-sixties,justaftertheIndustrialRevolution.TheArtsandCraftsmovementdefineditselfagainstmachines.“Withoutcreativehumanoccupation,peoplebecamedisconnectedfromlife,”Morrissaid.
Researchhasshownthatnaturalenvironmentscanrestore(恢复)ourmentalcapacities.InJapan,patientsareencouragedto“forest-bathe,”takingwalksthroughwoodstolowertheirbloodpressure.
Thesehealthbenefitsapplytotheworkplaceaswell.RachelKaplvin,aprofessorofenvironmentalpsychology,hasspentyearsresearchingtherestorativeeffectsofnaturalenvironment.Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheoffice—evensimpleviewsoftrees