专题04备考高考英语考纲内派生词词性转换学与练.docx

专题04备考高考英语考纲内派生词词性转换学与练.docx

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专题04备考高考英语考纲内派生词词性转换学与练

专题04（encourage-guide）

【学】

词性转换—识其形，知其意

encouragev 鼓励，怂恿；激励；支持

encouragementn 鼓励

endn.结束；目标；尽头；末端；死亡

endingn结局；结尾；末梢；词尾

endlessn 无止境的；连续的；环状的；漫无目的的

energeticadj. 精力充沛的；积极的；有力的

energyn.[物]能量；精力；活力；精神

enginen引擎，发动机；机车，火车头；工具

engineern工程师；工兵；火车司机

entrancen入口；进入

entryn进入；入口；条目；登记；报关手续；对土地的侵占

equaladj.平等的；相等的；胜任的

equalityn平等；相等；[数]等式

equipv装备，配备

equipmentn设备，装备；器材

evidencen 证据，证明；迹象；明显

evidentadj.明显的；明白的

existvi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在

existencen 存在，实在；生存，生活；存在物，实在物

expectv期望；指望；认为；预料

expectationn期待；预期；指望

expensen损失，代价；消费；开支

expensiveadj.昂贵的；花钱的

explainv说明；解释

explanationn 说明，解释；辩解

expressvt.表达；快递

expressionn表现，表示，表达；表情，脸色，态度，腔调，声调

F

facen 脸；表面；面子；面容；外观；威信

facialadj.面部的，表面的；脸的，面部用的

failv 失败，不及格；破产；缺乏；衰退

failuren失败；故障；失败者；破产

fantasticadj.奇异的；空想的；异想天开的；古怪的；极好的，极出色的；不可思议的

fantasyn 幻想；白日梦；幻觉

fastadj.快速的，迅速的；紧的，稳固的

fastenv使固定；集中于；扎牢；强加于，.扣紧；抓住；集中注意力

favour=favorn支持=忙

favourite=favoriteadj.最喜欢=最喜欢的

feelv感觉；认为；触摸；试探，觉得；摸索

feelingn.感觉，触觉；感情

fluencyn语言、文章）流利；（技能）娴熟， 流畅度

fluentadj.流畅的，流利的；液态的；畅流的

fogn 雾；烟雾，尘雾；迷惑

foggyadj. 有雾的；模糊的，朦胧的

fooln傻瓜，愚人，笨蛋；受骗者

foolishadj.愚蠢的；傻的

foreignn外国的；外交的；异质的；不相关的

foreignern.外地人，外国人

forgetv.忘记；忽略

forgetfuladj.健忘的；不注意的；疏忽的；使遗忘的

fortunaten.幸运的；侥幸的；吉祥的；带来幸运的

fortunen. 财富；命运；运气

freeadj.免费的；自由的，不受约束的

freedomn..自由，自主；直率

freezev. （使）冻结，结冰；严寒；（水管等）冻住；冷冻，冷藏；惊呆；使定格；

freezingadj.冰点以下的，结冰的；极冷的；（雾、雨）冻的

friendn..朋友；助手；赞助者

friendlyadj.友好的；亲切的；支持的；融洽的，和睦的

funn..乐趣；玩笑

funnyadj.有趣的，好笑的，滑稽的；（口）稀奇的，古怪的，奇异的；有病的，不舒服的；狡猾的，欺骗（性）的，可疑的，不光明

furnishedadj.家具，有家具的

furnituren.家具；设备；储藏物

G

giftn&vn.礼物；天赋；赠品vt.赋予；向…赠送

giftedadj.有天赋的；有才华的、

goldn&adj.n.金，黄金；金色；金币，adj.金的，金制的；金色的

goldenadj.

金色的，黄金般的；珍贵的；金制的

governv..管理；支配；统治；控制， 居支配地位；进行统治

governmentn.政府；政体；管辖

graduatev.获得学位，大学毕业；中学毕业；授予（某人）学位；逐渐发展，升级，升迁graduationn.毕业；毕业典礼；刻度，分度；分等级

greetv欢迎，迎接；致敬，致意；映入眼帘

greetingn.问候，招呼；祝贺

grocern.杂货店；食品商

groceryn.食品杂货店，食品杂货

growv. 发展；生长；渐渐变得…，使生长；种植；扩展

growthn.增长；发展；生长；种植

guid（e）ancen.指导，引导；领导

guidev&nvt.引导；带领；操纵，n.指南；向导；入门书

PartI写出括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Weshouldgivethedisabled_______（encourage）toliveasrichandfullalifeaswedo.

2.Likethebeststories,thisonemayyethaveahappy_______（end）.

3.MickeyMouse,DonaldDuck,andotherDisneycartooncharactersgave_______（end）delighttomillionsofchildren.

4.Youshouldexercisemoresoastokeep_______（energy）andyoucanworkefficiently.

5.The_______（engine）andhissonheldfrequentmeetingsconcerningtechnicalproblems.

6.WeChinesepeoplehavepersistentlyurgedthe_______（equal）ofnations,bigorsmall.

7.Thehighcostof_______（equip）prohibitsmanypeoplefromtakingupthissport.

8.Eightpolicementhenspenttwoyearscombingthroughthe_______（evident）.

9.Thechangeofhowcoffeeisgrownendangersthe_______（exist）ofcertainanimals.

10.Theirhope,andtheir_______（expect）,wasthatshewasgoingtobefoundsafeandthatshewouldbereturnedtoherfamily.

11.Sometimes_______（expense）drugsorothertreatmentscanbeeconomicalinthelongrun.

12.Iamnotsatisfiedwithyour_______（explain）andintendtotakethematterfurther.

13.Theyturnedtooneanotherwiththesame_______（express）ofdawningcomprehension,surprise,andrelief.

14.Ibelievethat_______（face）recognitiontechnologywillbeappliedtomanyaspectsofourlifeinthenearfuture.

15.The_______（fail）toarriveatacommonlanguageonmanyproblemsisnottobewonderedat.

16.TheseasaroundBermudaarefullofcolourfulcoralsand_______（fantasy）fish.

17.Onedaybeforetheplanetookoff,thestewardessapproachedSamandaskedhimto_______（fast）hisseatbelt.

18.Itiscommontoseethatpeople,especiallyteenagers,stayawakeatnighttowatchtheir_______（favour）soccerteamsorplayers.

19.Thewaychildrentalkaboutorexpresstheir_______（feel）dependsontheirageandstageofdevelopment.

20.Toworkasatranslator,youneed_______（fluent）inatleastoneforeignlanguage.

21.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthe_______（fog）northerncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountains.

22.Theaccidentwasmyfault—itwouldbe_______（fool）topretendotherwise.

23.Thereisnodoubtthatthiscandidate’sadvantageliesinhisabilitytocommunicatewith_______（foreign）inEnglish.

24.Hisfatherbegantolosehismemorybitbybit,becomingincreasingly_______（forget）.

25.Hehasbeenextraordinarily_______（fortune）orclever,whicheveristherightword.

26._______（Fortunate）,Argentinahassurvivedthiscrisisprettywell,andtheeconomyiscomingbackrapidly.

27.Thankstotheautomobile,Americanssoonhada_______（free）ofmovementpreviouslyunknown.

28.ItwastheseventeenthcenturybeforeNewtondeterminedthe_______（freeze）pointofwater.

29.Responsibilityandreliabilityarenecessaryqualifications,aswellasa_______（friend）andoutgoingpersonality.

30.Theschoolplaywasahugesuccess—theaudienceroaredwithlaughteratallthe_______（fun）bits.

31.Hiswifethinksthatthis_______（furnished）istooexpensiveand,moreoverlooksveryugly.

32.Shewasanaccomplishedpianist,asuperbswimmer,anda_______（gift）artist.

33.Hesaysthere'sa_______（gold）opportunityforpeacewhichmustbeseized.

34.Itisreportedthatthe_______（govern）hasinsistedthatconfidenceisneededbeforetheeconomycanimprove.

35.Astheapproaching_______（graduate）ceremony,thesadnessofdeparturehangsoverthewholeclass.

36.Iopenedtheboxandsawapieceofcrystalsnowflakeanda_______（greet）cardwith"HappyBirthday"intheblankpaper.

37.Theprofits_______（grow）cameonthebackofa26percentriseinsales.

38.Activitiesalltakeplaceunderthe_______（guide）ofanexperiencedtutor.

PartII阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Text1

（2020·江苏淮安·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Takingaphotoormanyphotoseverydayand1．（share）itonlinecanimproveyourwell-being.Anewstudy,2．waspublishedinthejournalHealth,hasprovedit.

Researchershavefoundthatsnappingandsharingisn’t3．（simple）anexercisenarcissism4．anactofself-care.Takingthephotosencouragesmindfulnesswhilethesharing5．（promote）socialinteraction.“Iwillstopandtakeaphotoofthisinsectsittingonmycomputerorsomething.Justtakingamomentisvery6．（benefit）,Ithink.”oneparticipatetoldscientistsattheUK’sLancasterUniversityandUniversityofSheffield.“Lookingatphotosgivesthesubjectsasense7．purpose,andplanningtotakethemisamotivationalforce,”theresearcherssay.“Itencouragesme8．（walk）outofthehousesometimes,”anotherparticipatesays.Onthesocialside,commentskeeppeopleconnectedwith9．（they）friendsandfamily,andevenarehelpfulinpreventingpeoplefeelinglonely.Researchersconcludeinapressreleasethatpostingphotosonlineis10．activeprocessofmeaningmaking.

Text2

（2020·山东潍坊·高三期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

InthethirdcenturyBC,thefullstop（句号）orperiod11．（introduce）byGreekliterarycriticAristophanesofByzantium.Itisused12．（show）theendofasentence.However,thefullstophasadifferentmeaningtoteenagersandthoseintheirearly20s,13．interpretitassignofanger.Andthereisareasonforthat.

Theyoungergenerationhasgrownupusingthetextsastheirprimarymeansofcommunication.Whensendingmessages,theytendtobreakuptheirthoughtsbysendingeachoneas14．separatemessage,insteadofusingafullstop.Theyfeelthefullstoponce15．（use）intraditionaltextingisnotessentialatallbecausethemessageisnowendedjustbysendingit.

DavidCrystal,oneoftheworld'sleadinglanguage16．（expert）,arguesthattheusageoffullstopsisbeingrevisedinareallyfundamentalway.Inhisbook,hesaysthatthefullstophasbecomeanemotionmarkerthat17．（remind）thereceiverthatthesenderisangryor18．（annoy）.

Thoughthefullstophastakenonadifferentmeaningtotheyoungergeneration,specialistsnotedthatitisimportanttotakelanguageenvironment19．account.Forexample,usingfullstopsinanemailis20．（perfect）acceptableandisnotconsideredrude.

Text3

（2020·四川攀枝花·高三月考）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whenwereadapoem,weoftenimaginewhatthepoets21．（think）whentheywroteorwhattheyweredoingatthetime.Thesethoughtsletusconnectwiththewordsbetter,asifwe'dcreatedthepoem22．（we）.Willapoemstillmeanasmuchifacomputewritesit?

By23．（apply）asetofprograms,computerscannowcreateallkindsoftext,includingresearchpapers,books,news,storiesandevenpoems.Computer-generatedpoemsmightbecorrectinbothgrammarandstyle,24．,somesaytheystilllackcreativityandtruemeaning,sothesepoemsarenot25．（value）tosomedegree.

OscarSchwartz,anAustralian26．（research）,createdawebsite27．（name）"BotorNot",Onhiswebsite,youcanreadpoemsandguesswhetherthey28．（write）byahumanoracomputer.Schwartz.recentlygaveaspeechatTEDXSydney,in29．hestatedthatsomeofthewebsite'spoemswereeasy30．（fool）sixtyfivepercentofhumanreaders.

Hesaidthatonhiswebsite,hehopedpeoplewouldquestionthedifferencebetweenhumansandmachinesandbeabletoidentifywhatitisthatmakesushuman.

PartI写出括号内单词的正确形式。

1.【答案】encouragement我们应该鼓励残疾人像我们一样过丰富多彩、充实的生活。

2.【答案】ending像那些最好的故事一样，这个故事可能仍有个幸福的结局。

环状的；漫无目的的

3.【答案】endless米老鼠、唐老鸭及其他迪斯尼卡通形象给数百万的儿童带来了无尽的欢乐。

4.【答案】energetic你应该多运动以保持精力充沛，才可以有效地工作。

5.【答案】engineer工程师和他的儿子经常就技术问题进行讨论。

6.【答案】equality我们中国一贯主张国家无论大小一律平等。

7.【答案】equipment昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。

8.【答案】evidence8名警察后来用了两年的时间仔细审查那些证据。

9.【答案】existence咖啡种植方式的改变危及到了某