高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元检测卷新人教版必修5.docx

高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元检测卷新人教版必修5.docx

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高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元检测卷新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

WhenJulieJonesandCarolineAtkinwereschoolgirls,theypromisedtobebestfriendsforever.Yearslater,Carolinediedfromabraintumorattheageof45,leavingfivechildren.Inherlastweeks,sheaskedJulietoraisethechildrenasherown.Julie,asinglemotherofthreewithasmallincome,didn’thesitate.

“Iheldherinmyarmsandsaid‘You’llbeOK’,butIknewIwaslosingher.”Shesays.

“ThehospitalrangmeandIrushedthere,butCarolinehadjustgone,”shesays.“Iwenttoherhouse.ThechildrenarrivedhomefromschoolinataxiandIgatheredtheminmyarmsandsaid:

‘MommyhasgonetoHeaven.’”

“Michael,whowas11,lefttheroom.Kieran,ten,satingreatsurprise;James,nine,brokedown;whileEmma,seven,andChantelle,fiveuneasy.Ibroughtthemhome.”

Julie,motherofAdam,20,Peter,19,and14-year-oldChristian,movedthetablefromherdiningroomtoturnitintoanextrabedroomforthegirls.

Shesays“Iputatentupinthegarden,andthechildrentookturnstocampoutside.Weturnedintoagame.Thechildrenwereterriblyhurtbylosingboththeirparents.Butnow,despiteourlackofspaceandmoney,wehavebecomeonehappyfamily.”ThetableinthekitchenissosmallthatJuliehadtocookChristmasdinnerintwosittings.Hereldestsonhasleftforuniversityandhisbedroomisusedbytheyoungerboys.

Juliehadtowork50hoursaweekandrunsthehomeonhersalary.

“Thechildrenaren’tquietanymore.Thehouseisfilledwithscreamsandshoutsandlaughter.”shesays.“Theysay‘Julie,youmakeussohappy,’butthetruthisthatthey’retheoneswhomakemehappy.I’mnotextraordinary.I’mjustamum.”

1.WhatcanweknowaboutJuliefromthetext?

A.Shehadlivedarichlifebeforetheadoption.

B.ShepromisedtoadoptCaroline’schildrenasaschoolgirl.

C.SheblamedCaroline’shusbandfortakingnoresponsibility.

D.Shehadtoworkveryhardtosupportthelargefamily.

2.WhichoneisNOTwhatJuliedidtosupportthelargefamily?

A.Usingthediningroomasabedroom.

B.Puttingatentupinthegarden.

C.Persuadinghereldestsontoleaveforuniversity.

D.CookingChristmasdinnerintwosittings.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanknowthatJulieis_______.

A.annoyedB.tiredC.modestD.energetic

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AmothertofiveorphansB.Fiveluckychildren

C.Caroline’sdeathD.Troublesofraisingchildren

B

ChristopherThomas,27,wasawriterbynightandateacherbydaywhenhenoticedhewasalwaystiredandwaslosingweightfast.Diagnosedwithdiabetes（糖尿病）,Thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulinthreetimesadayfortherestofhislifeorrisknervedamage,blindnessandevendeath.Andifthatweren’tbadenough,hehadnohealthinsurance.

Afteramonthoffeelingupset,Thomasdecidedhe’dbetterfindawaytofightback.HeleftCanton,MichiganforNewYork,gotajobwaitingtables,nicknamedhimselftheDiabeticRockstar,andcreateddiabeticrockstar.com,afreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones—aplacewhereover1100peoplesharepersonalstories,informationandresources.

JasonSwencki’sson,Kody,wasdiagnosedwithdiabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren’sforums（论坛）togethermostevenings.“Kodygetssoexcited,writingtokidsfromallover,”saysSwencki,oneofthesite’svolunteers.“Theyknowwhathe’sgoingthrough,sohedoesn’tfeellonely.”

Kodyisanythingbutalone:

DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates,with24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages.

Thesedays,Thomas’smainfocusishischarity（慈善机构），FightIt,whichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople—225todate—whocan’taffordadiabetic’shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghasraised$23,000—inproductsandincash.InMay,ThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabeticRockstarFestivalintheCaribbean.

Evenwithastaffof22volunteers,Thomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscause,whilestilldoinghisfull-timejobwaitingtables.“Ofthediabetescharitiesoutthere,mostareputtingmoneyintofindingacure,”saysBentleyGubar,oneofRockstar’soriginalmembers.“ButChristopheristheonlypersonIknowsayingpeopleneedhelpnow.”

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofChristopherThomas?

AHeneedstogotothedoctoreveryday

BHestudiestheleadingcauseofdiabetes.

CHehasapositiveattitudetohisdisease.

DHeencouragesdiabeticsbywritingarticles.

6.Diabeticrockstar.comwascreatedfor________.

AdiabeticstocommunicateBvolunteerstofindjobs

CchildrentoamusethemselvesDrockstarstoshareresources

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutFightIt?

AIthelpsthediabeticsinfinancialdifficulties.

BItorganizespartiesforvolunteersonceayear.

CItofferslessexpensivemedicinestodiabetics.

DItownsawell-knownmedicalwebsite.

C

Happybirthday!

Dobirthdaysreallymakepeoplehappy?

Ofcoursetheydo.Birthdayscelebratethedaywewereborn.Besides,thatextracandleonthecakesuggestsanotheryearofgrowthandmaturity—orsowehope.Weallliketoimaginethatwe’regettingwiserandnotjustolder.Mostofusenjoyseeingthemiracleofgrowthinothers,aswell.Forinstance,seeingourchildrendevelopandlearnnewthingsmakesusfeelproud.ForAmericans,likepeopleinmostcultures,growingupisawonderfulprocess.Butgrowingold?

That’sadifferentstory.

Growingoldisnotexactlypleasantforpeopleinyouth-orientedAmericanculture.MostAmericansliketolookyoung,actyoungandfeelyoung.Astheoldsayinggoes,“You’reasyoungasyoufeel.”Olderpeoplejokeabouthowmanyyearsyoungtheyare,ratherthanhowmanyyearsold.Peopleinsomecountriesvaluetheagedasasourceofexperienceandwisdom.ButAmericansseemtofavorthosethatareyoung,oratleast“youngatheart”.

ManyolderAmericansfindthe“goldenyears”tobeanythingbutgolden.Economically,“seniorcitizens”oftenstrugglejusttogetby.Retirementatage65bringsasharpdecreaseinpersonalincome.Socialsecuritybenefitsusuallycannotmakeupthedifference.Olderpeoplemaysufferfrompoornutrition,medicalcareandhousing.Someevenexperienceagediscrimination（歧视）.In1987,AmericansociologistPatMooredresseduplikeanolderpersonandwanderedcitystreets.Shewasoftentreatedrudely—evencheatedandrobbed.However,dressedasayoungperson,shereceivedmuchmorerespect.

Unfortunately,theelderlypopulationinAmericaisincreasingfast.Why?

Peoplearelivingtogether.Fewerbabiesarebeingborn.Andmiddle-aged“babyboomers”arerapidlyenteringthegroupsoftheelderly.Americamaysoonbeaplacewherewrinkles（皱纹）are“in”.Marketingexpertsarealreadynoticingthisgroupofconsumers（消费者）.

8.Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis________.

A.thegoldenyearscanmaketheoldearnlotsofmoney

B.manyoldpeopleinAmericaareleadingahardlife

C.theoldinAmericahavetoretireattheageof65

D.Americansocialsecuritybenefitsarenotgood

9.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthattheunderlinedword“in”canbereplacedby________.

A.seriousB.badC.disappearingslowlyD.growingfast

10.Fromthispassagewecanknow________.

A.inAmerica,growingupisnotawonderfulprocess

B.inAmerica,growingupisaswonderfulaprocessasgrowingold

C.inAmerica,growingupisawonderfulprocess,whilegrowingoldisnot

D.inAmerica,growingoldisawonderfulprocess,whilegrowingupisnot

11.Whatshouldbementionedinthefollowingparagraph?

A.Thepublicwillchangetheirattitudetowardsoldpeople.

B.Peoplewillprovidemoreservicestotheoldintheircommunities.

C.CompanieswillsoonproducemoregoodsforoldAmericans.

D.Thegovernmentwillpasslawstoensurethebenefitsofthepeople.

D

Tomanyweb-buildingspiders,mostofwhomarenearlyblind,thewebistheiressentialwindowontheworld:

theirmeansofcommunicating,capturingprey（猎物）,meetingmatesandprotectingthemselves.Aweb-buildingspiderwithoutitswebislikeamancastawayonanislandofsolidrock,totallyoutoftouchanddestinedtostarvetodeath.

Soimportantisthewebtoanorb-webspider’ssurvivalthattheanimalwillcontinuetoconstructnewwebsdailyevenifitisbeingstarved.For16daysthestarvingspiderbuildscompletelynormalwebs.Then,astheanimalgetsscrawnier（憔悴的）,itconstructsawider-meshedwebusingfewerstrands（线）.Suchwebswouldonlytraplargerprey,whichismoreeconomicalfromtheperspectiveofastarvingspider.

Thespiderstoresenergybyrecyclingwebprotein.Itsimplyeatsitsownwebeacheveningandre-usesittoproducenewsilk.Instudieswithradioactivelylabeledmaterials,itwasfoundthat95percentofwebproteinreappearsinthenextday’sweb.Mostoftheenergyneededforweb-buildingisusedinwalkingoverthestrandsastheyarelaiddown.

Scientistsareimpressedbytheadaptability（适应能力）ofthespider’shighlypreprogrammedbrain,whichislargerforitssizethanthebrainofanyotherinvertebrate（无脊椎动物）.Ifweb-buildingisinterrupted,orifsomeoftheexistingstrandsaredestroyed,thespidersimplygoesbacktoseewherethewebisleftoffandthenfinishedbuildinganormalweb.Onespiderwillevenfinishbuildingtheincompletewebofanother.

12.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SecretsofSpiders’Adaptability

B.ImportanceofWebstoSpiders

C.SecretsoftheSpiders’Life

D.Spiders’HighlyPreprogrammedBrain

13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowin