全国自考高级英语试题及答案课程代码00600.docx

全国自考高级英语试题及答案课程代码00600.docx

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全国自考高级英语试题及答案课程代码00600

绝密★考试结束前

全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试

高级英语试题

课程代码：

00600

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）。

选择题部分

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I．Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions．Choosetherightonetocompletethesentence．（15points，1pointforeach）

1．Thepresidingjudgedescribedtheterroristattackasan______crime．

A．alluringB．abusive

C．abnormalD．abominable

2．Thebillionaire______hisonlydaughterhisentireestate．

A．deprivedB．entrusted

C．presentedD．bequeathed

3．Through______teethshetoldherex-supervisortoleaveimmediately．

A．sneezingB．clenched

C．shiveringD．drenched

4．Despiteallthegoodwillintheworld，theMiddleEastpeaceprocessremainsas______andfrustratingasever．

A．elusiveB．evasive

C．inclusiveD．conducive

5．Thetwogreattennisplayerstogethermakea（n）______combination．

A．sizeableB．affordable

C．perishableD．formidable

6．Helivedquietlywithawomanwhowasneitheryoungnorold，neither______norpretty．

A．sociableB．irritable

C．homelyD．snobbish

7．TheseTVviewersshowa（n）______lackofunderstanding．

A．generousB．irresistible

C．lamentableD．good-natured

8．Heshowedgreat______ofcharacterwhenherefusedtoacceptthebribes．

A．forceB．ability

C．strengthD．potential

9．Iwillgobacktomypeacefulhousealthoughitishumbleand______．

A．cozyB．mean

C．wornD．shabby

10．Whentheauthorityoffathersbeginsto______，politicalpowergenerallycollapses，aswell．

A．falterB．filter

C．rumbleD．ramble

11．Theglassremained______afterbeingdropped．

A．intactB．content

C．abstractD．compact

12．I______thisspeechtothememoryofthesewomenandchildren．

A．devoteB．promote

C．dedicateD．indicate

13．Trytodosomephysicalactivitythreetimesaweekfor______health．

A．opiumB．optimum

C．minimumD．maximum

14．Theyneedtobe______atcollaboratingwithcolleaguesoutsidetheirowndepartment．

A．adoptB．adept

C．adaptD．abrupt

15．Hedeterminedwhowouldgofirstwithacoin______．

A．tossB．fling

C．twistD．throw

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsII，III，IV.

ToKillorNottoKill

（1）Capitalpunishmenthasbeenineffectsincethe1600’s．However,in1972theU．S．SupremeCourtruledthatthedeathpenaltywascruelandunusualpunishment，whichwasunconstitutionalaccordingtotheEighthAmendment．Itwaspublicopinionthatthecurrentmethodsofexecution，hanging，electrocution，andfacingafiringsquad，weretooslowandpainfuluponthepersontobeexecuted．TheU．S．SupremeCourtreversedthisdecisionwhenacleanerwaytobringaboutdeathwasfoundin1976．Thiscleanerwayisdeathbylethalinjection，whichisquickandpainlessifadministeredright．

（2）Manypeoplehavearguedforandagainstcapitalpunishmentsinceitwasreinstituted．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileothersobjecttoitbecausedeathisirreversible．Ifeelthedeathpenaltyisagoodformofjusticebecauseonlyabout250peopleayeargetthedeathpenaltyandtheyareguiltybeyondadoubtanddon’tdeservelivingwiththepossibilityofparole．

（3）ThesentencingjudgeorjuryareorderedbytheSupremeCourttolookforspecificaggravatingandmitigatingfactorsindecidingwhichconvictedmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath．Someofthesemitigatingfactorsarethedefendant’smotivation,character,personalhistory,andmostofallremorse．Everyyearapproximately250newoffendersareaddedtodeathrow．In1994therewere2，850personsawaitingexecution．Yetnomorethanthirty-eightpeoplehavebeenexecutedayearsince1976．Thisisaridiculouslylownumbercomparedto199personsexecutedin1935．

（4）Thereasonforthisslowexecutionrateistheprocessofappeals．Fromsentencingtoexecutionthereisaboutaseven-to-eight-yearwait．Theconvicts’casesarereviewedbythestatecourtsandthroughthefederalcourts．Withallthisopportunityforthecasetobeturnedoverorthesentencetobechangeditisalmostimpossibleforaninnocentpersontobeexecuted．OnlytwopeoplehavebeenprovedinnocentaftertheirexecutionintheUnitedStates．Thesewrongfuldeathsoccurredin1918and1949．Sincethenthejusticesystemhasundergonealotoffinetuningmakingthisextremelyunlikelytoday.

（5）Oneargumentagainstthedeathpenaltyisthatitcostslesstoimprisonsomeoneforlifethantoexecutethem．Thisisagoodpointthathasa1otofimpactonalotofpeople’sviewsregardingcapitalpunishmentsincetheyaretheonesfootingthebill．throughtaxes．IpersonallywouldnotmindpayingthelittlebitextrajustsoIknowforsurethatthere’sone1essmurdereronourplanet．Ifthedeathpenaltywasdoneawaywith，prisonerswhoshouldhavebeenexecutedwillbemixedinwithotherinmates．Itwouldbepossibleandnottoounlikelyforthemtokillanotherinmateorpossiblyaprisonguard．Ifsomeoneislinedupforexecutionthentheymorethanlikelydeserveit．Theyhavecausedagreatdealofgrieftothefamilyandfriendsofthevictimorvictimsanditseemsliketheonlywayjusticecouldbeservedisforthecriminaltodie.

（6）Forthepersontosimplygotojailseemsunfair．Theretheywilleatthreemealsaday,gettowatchcableTVandbefriendotherinmates．Theyliveaprettydecent1ifeinprisonandtheydon’tdeserveit．OutofthefiftystatesintheUnitedStates37haveandusecapitalpunishment．Outofthesamefiftystatesonly18have1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparole．Intheother32statesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedcanbereleasedafteras1ittleas20yearsinprison．

（7）Therearecertainstandardsthatarefollowedingivingoutcapitalpunishment．Thedefendantcannotbeinsane,andtherealorcriminalintentmustbepresent．Also，minorsveryrarelyreceivethedeathpenaltybecausetheyarenotfullymatureandmightnotknowtheconsequencesoftheiractions．Finallythementallyretardedareveryseldomexecuted．Thereasonfornotexecutingtheretardedisthattheyoftenhavedifficultydefendingthemselvesincourt,haveproblemsrememberingdetails，locatingwitnesses，andtestifyingcrediblyontheirownbehalf．

（8）Ifcapitalpunishmentwerecarriedoutmoreitwouldprovetobethecrimedeterrentitwaspartlyintendedtobe．Mostcriminalswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingmurderiftheyknewtheirown1ivesareatstake．Asitturnsout，asveryfewpeopleareexecuted，sothedeathpenaltyisnotasatisfactorydeterrent．Duringhighlypublicizeddeathpenaltycasesthehomiciderateisfoundtogodownbutitgoesbackupwhenthecaseisover．

（9）ThomasEdison，afamousscientistandAmericanhero，helpeddevelopandextensivelypromotedtheelectricchair．Theelectricchairwasapopularmethodofexecutionfromthe1930stothe1970s．Thedeathpenaltyisapunishmentthatwillremainactiveforalongtimeinthefuture，evenwithallthecriticism．Itisanancientwayofdealingwithextremelyseriousoffencesthatplagueourcountrytoday．Hopefullytheappealsprocesswillbeshortened，butremaineffective，somorecriminalscanbeexecuted，makingprospectivecriminalsthinktwice．

II．Inthissection，therearetenincompletestatementsorquestions，followedbyfourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.（20points，2pointsforeach）

16．Thedeathsentencewasinstitutedsome______yearsago．

A．200B．300

C．400D．500

17．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，peoplegenerallythoughtthat______．

A．lethalinjectionwaspainfulbutquick

B．deathpenaltywascruelandthereforeshouldbeabolished

C．facingafiringsquadwasacleanerwayforcapitalpunishment

D．themethodsthenusedtobringaboutdeathwereslowandpainful

18．Amethodofexecutionthatisnotmentionedinthisarticleis______．

A．hangingB．injection

C．decapitationD．electrocution

19．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“remorse”inParagraph3?

A．regretB．rebellion

C．revulsionD．recklessness

20．Twopersonsputtodeath，onein1918andtheotherin1949，werefoundtohavebeen_____．

A．insaneB．wronglykilled

C．mentallyretardedD．executedwithouttrial

21．Theexpression“footingthebill”inParagraph5canbebestreplacedby______．

A．payingthecostB．askingforpayment

C．causingtheexpensesD．refundingtheexpenses

22．Inthepassage，theauthorimpliesthat______．

A．morethan15statesintheUnitedStatesdonotusecapitalpunishment

B．1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparoleisaheaviersentencethancapitalpunishment

C．intheUnitedStatesthosewhoshould’vebeenexecuted1iveamiserablelifeinprison

D．intheUnitedStatesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedmightbesetfreeafteronly20years’imprisonment

23．Theexpression“atstake”inParagraph8means______．

A．atriskB．atissue

C．inamessD．outofcontrol

24．Theauthordoesnotmentionthat______．

A．capitalpunishmentfacesalotofcriticism

B．thedeathpenaltywillcontinuetobecarriedout

C．extremelyseriousoffencesaretroublingtheUnitedStates

D．thedeathpenaltyisamodernwayofhandlingatrociouscrimes

25．Itisobviousthattheauthorofthisarticle______．

A．doesnotobjecttoabolishingcapitalpunishment

B．showssympathytothoseguiltyofunpardonableevil

C．isinfavorofsentencingthosecommittinggravecrimestodeath

D．believesthatmanyofthosecondemnedtodeathdonotdeservetheirpunishment

非选择题部分

注意事项：

用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet．（10points，2pointsforeach）

26．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminal