模拟题.docx

模拟题.docx

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模拟题

Test1

全国硕士学位研究生入学统一考试英语试题

北京宫东风英语考研团队编写

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Intoday’sglobalmarketplace,properlymeasuringtheEnglish-languageskillsofprospectiveandcurrentemployeesiscritical.Forover25years,companieshavereliedontheTestofEnglishforInternationalCommunication（TOEIC）tohelptheircompaniessucceed.Over8,000companiesworldwideusetheTOEICtesttomakesignificantmanagementand1decisions,including:

Recruiting,promotingand2employees—TOEICscorestandards,basedonthelevelsofEnglishnecessarytocarryout3responsibilities,canbe4inmakingpersonneldecisions.

Jobtraining—TOEICtestscorescanbeusedtodetermine5anindividualhassufficientEnglish6toparticipate7,andbenefitfrom,thetrainingthatwillbe8inEnglish.

Overseasassignments—TOEICscorescanindicatewhetheranemployeewillbeabletoworkand9successfullyifassigned10anativeEnglish-speakingcountry.

Languagetraining—TOEICscorescanbeusedto11employeeswhorequirefurtherEnglishlanguagetraining,tosetlearninggoals,andto12theirprogress.

Highly13andaccurate,theTOEICtest14rapidtestscoringandreporting,andprovidesa15standardofperformancerecognizedaroundtheworld.Formillionsofpeople,thosewhotakeitandthosewhorelyuponitsscores,theTOEICtestisacritical16ofEnglish-languageskills.

TheTOEICtestwascreatedbyETS（EducationalTestingService）,theworld’slargestprivateeducational17organization,toadvanceEnglish-languagelearningaroundtheworld.ETSis18tolisteningtotheneedsofourcustomers,learningthebestmethodsof19andeffectivelymeasuringEnglishproficiency,andleadingthewayinthefieldofEnglish-language20worldwide.

1.[A]person

[B]personal

[C]personnel

[D]personable

2.[A]employing

[B]deploring

[C]empowering

[D]deploying

3.[A]particular

[B]partial

[C]peculiar

[D]partisan

4.[A]identified

[B]abandoned

[C]assessed

[D]employed

5.[A]whether

[B]weather

[C]wither

[D]wherefore

6.[A]profit

[B]proficiency

[C]effect

[D]efficiency

7.[A]at

[B]beyond

[C]in

[D]beside

8.[A]converted

[B]deducted

[C]reversed

[D]conducted

9.[A]interact

[B]intercept

[C]interfere

[D]interflow

10.[A]by

[B]to

[C]with

[D]upon

11.[A]identify

[B]imprison

[C]ignite

[D]idolize

12.[A]manipulate

[B]manifest

[C]monitor

[D]mould

13.[A]reluctant

[B]religious

[C]relevant

[D]reliable

14.[A]creatures

[B]features

[C]feathers

[D]feats

15.[A]quantifiable

[B]quarterly

[C]quantitative

[D]queasy

16.[A]hallmark

[B]benchmark

[C]hallway

[D]bench-press

17.[A]emotion

[B]measurement

[C]motion

[D]basement

18.[A]relocated

[B]conducted

[C]consulted

[D]committed

19.[A]consistently

[B]instantly

[C]persistently

[D]insipidly

20.[A]acquisition

[B]campaign

[C]assessment

[D]assignment

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Whentheworldwasasimplerplace,therichwerefat,thepoorwerethin,andright-thinkingpeopleworriedabouthowtofeedthehungry.Now,inmuchoftheworld,thericharethin,thepoorarefat,andright-thinkingpeopleareworryingaboutobesity.

Evolutionismostlytoblame.Ithasdesignedmankindtocopewithdeprivation,notplenty.Peopleareperfectlytunedtostoreenergyingoodyearstoseethemthroughleanones.Butwhenbadtimesnevercome,theyarestuckwiththatenergy,storedaroundtheirexpandingbellies.

Thankstorisingagriculturalproductivity,leanyearsarerarerallovertheglobe.Modern-dayMalthusians,whousedtodrawgraphsprovingthattheworldwasshortlygoingtorunoutoffood,havegoneratherquietlately.AccordingtotheUN,thenumberofpeopleshortoffoodfellfrom920min1980to799m20yearslater,eventhoughtheworld’spopulationincreasedby1.6billionovertheperiod.Thisismostlyacauseforcelebration.Mankindhaswonwhatwas,formostofhistimeonthisplanet,hisbiggestbattle:

toensurethatheandhisoffspringhadenoughtoeat.Buteverysilverlininghasacloud,andtheconsequenceofprosperityisanewplaguethatbringswithitahostofinterestingpolicydilemmas.

Asascourgeofthemodernworld,obesityhasanimageproblem.ItiseasiertoassociatewithFatherChristmasthanwiththefourhorsesoftheapocalypse.Butithasagoodclaimtolumberalongbesidethem,foritistheworld’sbiggestpublic-healthissuetoday—themaincauseofheartdisease,whichkillsmorepeoplethesedaysthanAIDS,malaria,war;theprincipalriskfactorindiabetes;heavilyimplicatedincancerandotherdiseases.SincetheWorldHealthOrganisationlabelledobesityan“epidemic”in2000,reportsonitsfearfulconsequenceshavecomethickandfast.

Willpublic-healthwarnings,combinedwithmediapressure,persuadepeopletogetthinner,justastheyfinallyputthemofftobacco?

Possibly.Intherichworld,salesofhealthierfoodsareboomingandnewfiguressuggestthatoverthepastyearAmericansgotveryslightlythinnerforthefirsttimeinrecordedhistory.ButevenifAmericansarelosingafewounces,itwillbemanyyearsbeforethecountrysolvesthehealthproblemscausedbyhalfacentury’sdiningtoexcess.And,everywhereelseintheworld,peoplearestillpilingonthepounds.That’swhythereisnowaconsensusamongdoctorsthatgovernmentsshoulddosomethingtostopthem.

21.Accordingtothetext,whatright-thinkingpeoplewereconcernedaboutis_____.

[A]thewealthy

[B]obesity

[C]thefat

[D]thestarved

22.Thelessoccurrenceofleanyearsmaybeattributedto______.

[A]theimprovingfarmingproductivity

[B]theirexpandingbellies

[C]ahostofinterestingpolicydilemmas

[D]theWorldHealthOrganization

23.What,basedontheinformationofthetext,isheavilyinvolvedincancerandotherdiseases?

[A]malaria

[B]malnutrition

[C]obesity

[D]otalgia

24.Thegraphsbymodern-dayMalthusiansseemtobe______.

[A]morepersuasive

[B]lessconvincing

[C]moreoptimistic

[D]lesspessimistic

25.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“peoplearestillpilingonthepounds”?

[A]Theworldistoofat.Toobad.

[B]Peoplearesavingmoney.Toogood.

[C]Theworldistooslim.Toogood.

[D]Peoplearegettingloans.Toobad.

Text2

InthethreeyearssinceaccountingshenanigansatEnronfirstcametolight,followedquicklybyaccountingscamsatWorldCom,Parmalatandothers,theauditingprofessionhasbeentryingtosortitselfoutandsteerclearoftrouble.Butaccountingscandalscontinuetosurface—mostrecentlyatFannieMae,America’sgiantmortgagecompany.Moretroublemaybebrewing:

inthenewesttwistinAmerica’sunfoldinginsurance-companyscandal,regulatorshaverecentlylaunchedinvestigationsintocompanies’useofcertaininsuranceproductsto“manage”earnings.Shouldtheyunearthdodgydoings,theauditorswhosignedoffoncompanyaccountscouldfindthemselvesinhotwater.Indeed,Deloitte&Touche,theworld’sbiggestauditfirm,facesalawsuitofupto$2billionforitsauditofFortressRe,are-insurancefirmthatallegedlyusedcertaininsuranceproductstoinflateprofits.

Thecontinuedinabilityofauditorstothwartaccountingtrickerymeansthat,evenafterthefloodofreformsputinplaceafterEnron’scollapse,theindustryremainsaproblem.Theconcentrationoftheindustryintothe“BigFour”accountancyfirms—Deloitte,PriceWaterhouseCoopers,Ernst&YoungandKPMG-thatnowauditthelion’sshareoftheworld’slarge,publicfirmsheightenstheseconcerns.GiventheimplosionofArthurAndersen,Enron’sauditorandoncethefifth-biggestaccountancyfirmintheworld,afteracriminalindictmentforobstructionofjustice,thereisarealquestionabouthowaggressivelyregulatorscannowpursuethesurvivingfourbigauditingfirmsforanyfuturemisconduct.Wouldtheworld’sfinancialsystemreallybesafewithjustthe“BigThree”or“BigTwo”,orevenasinglegiantfirmauditingmostlargecorporations?

Thatsoundsuntenable.

Itisallthemoreimportant,then,thattherulesgoverningtheauditindustryitselfaresound.Certainly,theseareinbettershapetodaythantheywerefiveyearsago,atleastinAmerica.TheSarbanes-OxleyactpassedinthewakeoftheEnronandotherscandalsmadenon-executivedirectorsoncompanyboards,ratherthancompanymanagement,responsibleforhiringandfiringauditors,andcreatedanindependentoversightbodytoinspectaccountancyfirmsregularly.

Yetmorestillneedstobedone.Accountancyfirmsremainriddledwithconflictsofinterest.Themostbasicisthattheyareresponsibleforauditingmanagementsthat,ultimately,paythemtodoso.Often,auditingrelationshipsspandecades,increasingthelikelihoodthatfamiliaritybreedsover-cosyties.Andwhile,ideally,auditfirmswouldcompeteonthebasisofreputation,sothatprovidingthehighestqualityauditsandmaximisingprofitswouldgohandinhand,intherealworldthisappliesatbestimperfectly.EachoftheBigFouraccountancyfirmsandmanyofthesecond-tieroneshavebeensulliedbyaccountingscandals,yettheycontinuetoattractbusinessbecausetherearenootheroptions,particularlyforlarge,internationalcompanies.Theprofessions’shiftfromapure-auditmodeltoamulti-disciplinaryone,inwhichaccountancyfirmsprovidecompanieswithtax,advisoryandotherservicesalongwithaudits,onlyincreas