初中英语阅读理解技巧分类.docx

初中英语阅读理解技巧分类.docx

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初中英语阅读理解技巧分类

期末专项复习之阅读理解

阅读理解专项技能练习一：

写作目的、作者意图（1-10）

1

It’sfiveminutesbeforetheexamandyouareinastateoffeelingbad.Youjusthavetopassit,buthow?

Youhearavoiceinyourheadkeepsaying“Cheat,cheat...”Sowhatareyougoingtodo,letitbeandfailorgoforit?

It’saharddecisionmanystudentsmustmake.

Mostyoungpeoplebelievethatcheatingiswrong.However,theyhavecheatedatleastonceintheirhighschoolyears.So,whydotheydoit?

Aretheytoolazytostudy?

Perhaps,butit’snotassimpleasthat.Accordingtosomeexperts（专家）,onemainreasonwhystudentscheatisthattheyseetheirfriendsgetawaywithit.It’saneasywayout.Theywon’tbetroubledwithbadfeelingsthemselvesandtheirparents’angerfornotdoingwellinanexam.Anotherreasonisthatstudentsthinkit’sOKtocheatifthesubjectisn’timportantfortheirfuture.What’smore,moststudentshavetoputupwiththepressureofgettingintouniversity.Theyneedtogetgoodmarkstocarryonwiththeirstudies.Thismeansthattherewillalwaysbestudentswhowilldoanythingforabettermark.

Ithasneverbeeneasiertocheatthanitistoday.Withallthetechnologytools,studentsneedn’tcheatbylookingovertheirshouldersanymore.Theyusemobilephonestosendanswerstoeachotherduringatest.ThereisalsotheInternet.Withhundredsofwebsites,studentscanfindlotsofmaterialwhichtheycancopyanduse.Thereareeventipsontheartofcheatinginexams.

Obviously,ifyougetcaughtcheating,youfailtheexamorthesubject.Butitdoesn’treallymatterwhetheryougetcaughtornot.What’simportantisthatit’swrong.Youmustn’tcheatbecausecheatingisalie.Itwronglyleadsyouintothinkingyouknowmorethanyouactuallydo.Howcanyoubeproudofsomethingyouhavegotthroughcheating?

Intheend,it’snotaboutfoolingyourteachersandyourparents,butaboutyourself. 

Q：

Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tolistthereasonswhystudentscheat.

B.Tointroducedifferentwaysofcheating.

C.Toexplainhowcheatingisnowcommonandeasytodo.

D.Towarnthereadersofthefactcheatingisactuallytellinglies.

2

HereisthelastletterfromJim,awarreporter,tohisfamilyandfriends:

DearFamilyandFriends,

IremembergoingtotheMallwithDad,averylongbikeridewithMom.Iremembersomanygreatfamilytimesthattakemeawayfromthisprison.

Iknowyouarethinkingofmeandpraying（祈祷）forme.AndIamsothankful.IfeelyouallespeciallywhenIpray.Iprayforyoutostaystrongandtobehappy.IreallyfeelIcantouchyoueveninthisdarknesswhenIpray.

Eighteenofushavebeenheldtogetherinonecell（牢房）,sowehavehadeachothertohaveendlesslongconversationsaboutmovies,chores,andsports.Wehavefoundwaystoplaychess,andgames….Thegamesandteachingeachotherhavehelpedthetimepass.Theyhavebeenahugehelp.Werepeatstoriesandlaughtobreakthetension（紧张）.

Ihavehadweakandstrongdays.Wearesogratefulwhenanyoneisfreed;butofcourse,yearnforourownfreedom.Wetrytoencourageeachotherandsharestrength.Wearebeingfedbetternowanddaily.Wehavetea,sometimescoffee.Ihaveputonmostofmyweightbacklostlastyear.

Ithinkalotaboutmybrothersandsister.IrememberplayingWerewolfinthedarkwithMichaelandsomanyotheradventures.Ithinkofchasing（追逐）Mattiearoundthekitchencounter.Itmakesmehappytothinkofthem.Ifthereisanymoneyleftinmybankaccount,IwantittogotoMichaelandMatthew.Iamsoproudofyou,Michaelandthankfultoyouforhappychildhoodmemories.

AndMark…,soproudofyoutoo.IthinkofyouontheWestcoastandhopeyouaredoingsomesnowboardingandcamping,IespeciallyrememberusgoingtotheComedyClubinBostontogetherandourbighugafter.Thespecialmomentskeepmehopeful.

Katie,soveryproudofyou.Youarethestrongestandbestofusall!

!

Ithinkofyouworkingsohard,helpingpeopleasanurse.IamsogladwetextedjustbeforeIwasshuthere.IprayIcancometoyourwedding….StaystrongbecauseIamgoingtoneedyourhelptochangemylife.

Q：

Jimwritesthelettermainlytotellhisfamilyandfriendsthat____________.

A.helikestosharehishappymemoriesinhischildhood

B.hethanksthemforallthejoytheygavehim

C.howhespendsthetimeinthecellD.hepraysforthem

3

AmericannutritionexpertProfessorBarryPopkinsaysthatthenumberofoverweightpeopleintheworldisnowbiggerthanthenumberofpeoplewhodon’thaveenoughtoeat.Abillionpeopleworldwidenowweightoomuchandthenumberofobesepeopleisnowmorethan300million.“Obese”meansatleast15kilosheavierthanyoushouldbe.However,therearealso800millionpeopleintheworldwhodon’thaveenoughtoeat.

ProfessorPopkinsaidthatthenumberofhungrypeopleisfallingslowlybutthenumberofoverweightpeopleisrisingfast.Themainreasonsforthisare:

●peoplearedoinglesshardphysicalwork

●morepeopleworldwidenoweattoomuchfattyfood

●toomanypeoplearedrivingcarsinsteadofwalking

●peoplespendtoomuchtimeinfrontofatelevision

TheUnitedStateshasthehighestrateofobesityinthedevelopedworldandJapanhasthelowest.ProfessorBenjaminSenauerisabsolutelycertainofthereasonsforthis.

“Japanesepeoplearefit.Theyusepublictransportandwalk,”hesaid.“TheaverageAmericandrivestoworkanddrivestosupermarket.Whenhegetshome,hesitsonacouchinfrontoftheTVandeatsjunkfood.”

InBritainandmanyotherEuropeancountries,therearethreetimesasmanyobesepeopleastherewere20yearsago.AbouttwothirdsofBritishadultsareoverweightorobese.“Theeffectsofthisareclear,”saidLondondoctorElenaPower.“Wehavemoreillnessesrelatedtoweightandfewerfitpeople.

Chinausedtobeoneoftheslimmestnationsintheworld.However,ProfessorWuYangfengfromtheChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesinBeijingrecentlyestimated（估计）that20percentoftheworld’soverweightpeopleliveinChina.TheChinesegovernmentisespeciallyworriedabouttheincreaseinobesityamongschoolchildren.

“Wehaveaseriousproblem,”saidProfessorWu.“Itrequiresanimprovementfromeveryone,oritwillgetworse.

Q：

Whatdoesthewritertrytotellusinthepassage?

A.Theimportanceoflosingweight.

B.Howpeoplekeepfitallovertheworld.

C.Howmanycountrieshavehealthproblem.

D.Thenumberofoverweightpeopleisgrowing.

4

Mostpeoplehopetohaveamemorywhichhelpsthemsucceedinstudy,workandlife.Canmemorybeimproved?

Luckily,hundredsofstudiesinthepast50yearshavealreadygivenusadefiniteanswer.

Ahealthylifestylekeepsyourbrainyoungandmemorysharp.Firstofall,itisnecessarytohaveahealthydiet.EatingmorefoodrichinVitaminBandVitaminE,suchasvegetablesandleanmeat,helpsyouhaveabettermemory.Doingexercisecankeepyourbrainalive,too.Properexerciseprovidesmuchneededoxygenforthebrain.Running,ridingabike,swimmingandevenwalkingtwoorthreetimesaweekarehelpful.Moreover,gettingenoughsleepisimportant.Onlywhenyourbraingetsagoodrest,canitworkwell.Thehealthieryourlifestyleis,thebetteryourmemorywillbecome,butdonotexpectasuddenchange—ittakesalongtimetomakeadifference.

Memoryskillshelpyourememberthingsbetter.Thefollowingthreearethemostwidelyused.Chunkingisawayofrememberingapieceofinformationbycuttingitintosmallerones.Forexample,tomemorizeaten-digittelephonenumber2127983630,youcandividethedigitsintothreegroups:

first212,then798,andlastly3630.Thismethodisfarmoreeffectivethanrememberingastringof10digits.Organizationmeansorganizinginformationintogroupsofthesamekind.Forexample,trees,grassandflowersareplants;tigers,pandas,horsesandcowsareanimals.Imageryisrememberingnewlylearntinformationbyusingyourimaginationandconnectingitwithsomethingthatyouarefamiliarwith.

However,memoryskillswillhardlyworkifyoudon'tunderstandtheinformation.What'smore,onlyaregularreviewcanmakethememorylastlong.Thatiswhystudentsarealwaysadvisedtogooverwhattheyhavelearntafteronedayandthenafterthreedays,andthenuseitasregularlyaspossible.

Humanbrainsarelikemusclesthatneednutrientsandexercisetobecomestronger.Ifyoumakeafewlifestylechangesandtrysomememoryskills,youcancertainlyimproveyourmemory.

Q：

Thepassageiswrittentotellus______.

A．noteveryonehasagoodmemory

B．memoryskillsarenotdifficulttolearn

C．memorycanbeimprovedinsomeways

D．itisimportanttohaveahealthylifestyle

5

………………………..

TheAustralianshadagreatideatostoppeoplefromdrinkinganddriving.Theideawasthatifadriverwantedtostartthecar,sheorhewouldhavetoblowintoabagfirst.Iftherewastoomuchalcohol（酒精）intheirbreath,thecarwouldn’tstart.Itsoundedlikeagreatideatome,butpeoplesaidthattheymightneedtodrivethecarinanemergencyeveniftheyhaddrunktoomuchalcohol.AnotherideaIlikedwasaninventionbyascientistwhothoughthischildrenwatchedtoomuchTV.HelinkedtheTVtoanexercisebikesothattheelectricitytopowertheTVwasgenerated（产出）bythebike.IfthechildrenwantedtowatchalotofTV,theyhadtopedal（踩踏板）veryhard.IfoundanotherinventionontheInternetwhichwasintended（倾向于）toencouragegoodhabits.Believeitornot,thisinventionwasanashtray（烟灰缸）whichspoketoyouwhenyoulitacigarette!

The“voice”oftheashtraywasactivated（启动）bytheheatfromthecigaretteandremindedyouhowd