初中状语从句讲解及习题.docx
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初中状语从句讲解及习题
Theadverbialclauses(状语从句)
1、基本含义
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。
请用下划线划出下列句子中的状语,并说明是什么在做状语:
HespeaksEnglishverywell.
Heisplayingunderthetree.
Icomespeciallytoseeyou.
Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.
Whenshewas12yearsold,shebegantoliveinDalian.
IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.
什么是状语从句?
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
例句:
IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.
Ifhecomesback,pleaseletmeknow.
IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.
2、用法归纳
1.时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。
例如:
Itwasraininghardwhenwegottoschoolyesterday.
Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.
Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.
HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.
Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.
Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.
Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.
(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:
Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.
Let’swaituntiltherainstops.
Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.
Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.
[Practice]
Ididn’tknowhecamebackImethiminthestreet.(2007河北)
A.since B.when
C.until D.after
请填入适当的引导词
Ihaven'theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.
Wefoundthebookstwodays____hehadgoneaway.
Donotleavetheroom_____youhavefinishedthetest.
2.条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。
例如:
Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?
Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:
I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.
Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.
(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例如:
Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.
=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.
Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.
=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.
[Practice]
1.Ifyoulatetomorrowmorning,youwon’tcatchtheearlybus.(2007福建厦门)
A.getup
B.don’tgetup
C.willgetup
请完成下面句子的翻译:
如果他们不在家,我们就不去拜访了._______________________
如果我们开派对,将在晚上七点开始._______________________
如果明天有空,我会和你一起去喂狗._______________________
如果明天他不来,我会代替他去的._________________________
A.sothatB.until
C.asD.since
3.原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。
例如:
Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.
Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.
Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.
(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。
Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:
------Whyaren’tgoingthere?
------BecauseIdon’twantto.
Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.
Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
[Practice]
1.IkeepanEnglishdiaryithelpsmeimprovemywritingskill.(2007宁夏)
A.howB.when
C.becauseD.if
2.hislegwashurt,hewalkedslowly.(2006浙江宁波)
A.Because;soB.Because;/
C.Although;butD.Although;/
3..Icollecttoysbecausetheyarebeautiful.(对画线部分提问)(2006重庆)
youcollecttoys?
4.结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。
例如:
Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.
Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.
Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。
例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。
其结构是:
“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。
例如:
Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.
Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.
Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.
在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。
如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如:
Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.
Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.
Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如:
Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.
Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.
=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.
(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。
例如:
Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.
Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.
[Practice]
()1.Thisexerciseisdifficult.(2007山东济南)
A.so;thatfewofuscando
B.so;thatfewofuscandoit
C.too;foranyoneofustodo
D.too;foranyoneofustodoit
2.ThismathproblemissoeasythatIcanworkitout.(改为简单句)(2006广西柳州)
Thismathproblemistoworkout.
5.比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。
例如:
TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.
Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.
[Practice]
()1.Ourvillagehaschangedalot,anditbecomes
_________before.(2006广西桂林)
A.sobeautifulasB.asbeautifullyas
C.morebeautifulthan
D.muchmorebeautiful
()2.Don’tjustbelievetheadvertisement.Thatkindofcamerais__________itsays.(2007河北)
A.asgoodasB.notasgoodas
C.aswellasD.notaswellas
7.让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。
例如:
Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.
AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如:
不能说:
Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
应该说:
Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.
[Practice]
1.You’llbelate______youdon’tgetupearlytomorrowmorning.
A.ifB.whenC.beforeD.until
2.Ifhe______ontime,wewillgowithouthim
A.doesn’tcome
B.don’tcome
C.didn’tcome
3.Ifyou_______himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe______toworkonthefarmwithus.
A.see;goesB.willsee;goesC.willsee;willgoD.see;willgo
8.地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。
例如:
Gowhereyoulike.
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
[Practice]
()1.Youshouldletyourchildrenplay_________youcanseethem.
A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.that
()2.Theschoolwasbuilt_________therehadoncebeenachurch.
A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.that
[专项训练]
一.单项选择
1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.
A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So
2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?
---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.
A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe
3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.
A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelp
C.willfall;helpD.falls;helping
4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who
5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.
A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming
6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.
A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after
7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.
A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because
8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.
A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was
9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.
A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewest
C.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less
10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.
A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while
11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.
A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless
12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though
13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.
A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder
14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.
A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since
15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.
A.alovelydayB.toolovelyaday
C.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday
16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.
A.suchB.soC.tooD.very
17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.
A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif
18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As
19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.
A.SolongasB.Inorderthat
C.NomatterhowD.Themoment
20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.
A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got
二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子
1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑,我都不生气。
Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.
2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把她当作母亲。
Mrs.Brucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.
3.只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。
Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.
4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗?
Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.
5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。
Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.
6.虽然她很忙,他还坚持自学英语。
___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.
7.他长大后相当一名记者。
Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.
8.无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总是第一个到校。
______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.
9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界将会变得更美好。
______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.
10.李明昨天没来上学,因为他病了。
LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.
[中考真题演练]
1._______he’sold,h